108 年國立清華大學環境與文化資源學系碩士班《英文》考古題與詳解

Question 1

1. When human relationships are involved in a job, it is difficult to set precise for judging how well the job is being done. Merely physical or monetary standards are inadequate. A. ornaments B. criteria C. phenomena D. repertoires

Accepted Answer

本題考查單字辨識，旨在測驗考生對「標準、準則」等概念的理解。
題目提到，在工作中涉及人際關係時，很難設立精確的標準來評斷工作表現。僅有實體或金錢上的標準是不夠的。
選項分析：
(A) ornaments：裝飾品。與評斷標準無關。

Question 2

2. The training of human intelligence must include the simultaneous development of the altruistic, capacity. A. equivocal B. empathic C. enigmatic D. emphatic

Accepted Answer

本題考查單字辨識，特別是形容詞的選用，以描述「能力」的性質。
題目指出，人類智能的訓練必須包含「利他主義」與另一種能力的同時發展。
選項分析：
(A) equivocal：含糊不清的，模稜兩可的。與「利他主義」相提並論，語意不符。
(B) empathic：有同理心的，能感同身受的。

Question 3

3. The cathedral was seriously damaged during the war. Its may continue for several decades. A. preservation B. reservation C. restoration D. precaution

Accepted Answer

本題考查單字辨識，需要根據上下文選擇最適合的詞語來描述修復過程。
題目提到，大教堂在戰爭中嚴重受損，其「____」可能需要數十年。
選項分析：
(A) preservation：保存。雖然與修復有關，但通常指在損壞前或輕微損壞時的保護，或在修復完成後的維護。
(B) reservation：預訂；保留；疑慮。

Question 4

4. Reading a book is to dropping chemicals into a test tube. There should be a reaction. A. monologue B. analogous C. colloquial D. epilogue

Accepted Answer

本題考查單字辨識，需要判斷兩個事物之間的關係。
題目將「閱讀一本書」比喻為「將化學藥劑倒入試管」，並提到「應該會有一個反應」。這裡是在建立一種類比關係。
選項分析：
(A) monologue：獨白。與類比關係無關。
(B) analogous：類似的，可相比的。

Question 5

5. Though the flowers looked very real, they were actually . A. artificial B. prosperous C. abundant D. fundamental

Accepted Answer

本題考查單字辨識，需要根據前後文語意選擇最適合的形容詞。
題目提到，「雖然這些花看起來很逼真，但它們實際上是____」。這句話呈現了轉折，表示「逼真」的另一面。
選項分析：
(A) artificial：人造的，假的。與「real」（逼真的）形成對比，最符合題意。

Question 6

6. In play the child by the way he arranges his toys and so on, his emotional relation to the universe. In play he expresses a personal myth. A. invades B. tampers C. resolves D. symbolizes

Accepted Answer

本題考查動詞辨識，需要根據上下文選擇最適合的詞來描述兒童在遊戲中如何表達與宇宙的關係。
題目說，在遊戲中，兒童藉由擺弄玩具的方式，「____」他與宇宙的情感連結，並藉此表達個人神話。
選項分析：
(A) invades：侵略，侵擾。不符合兒童遊戲的語境。

Question 7

7. The of the committee was that more funds were necessary to support the school athletic programs. A. commotion B. congregation C. collusion D. consensus

Accepted Answer

本題考查名詞辨識，需要根據上下文選擇最適合的詞來描述委員會的決定或意見。
題目提到，委員會的「____」是認為需要更多經費來支持學校的體育項目。
選項分析：
(A) commotion：騷動，混亂。與委員會的決定無關。
(B) congregation：聚集，會眾。

Question 8

8. It is clear that many of the standard labels---Naturalism, Futurism, Expressionism, to go on further were forbiddingly intertwined and overlapped, producing a doubtful synthesis of many movements different in kind and degree. A. radically B. accidentally C. cynically D. malleably

Accepted Answer

本題考查副詞辨識，用於描述「混雜」的方式。
題目指出，許多藝術流派的標籤（如自然主義、未來主義、表現主義等）被交織和重疊，產生了許多運動的一種令人懷疑的綜合體，這些運動在性質和程度上有所不同。副詞用於描述這種「不同」是如何產生的。
選項分析：
(A) radically：根本地，徹底地。表示程度上的巨大差異，符合「不同」的語意。
(B) accidentally：偶然地。

Question 9

9. His efforts to keep the peace were so that he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. A. ridiculous B. mercenary C. commendable D. reluctant

Accepted Answer

本題考查單字辨識，需要根據上下文選擇最適合的形容詞來描述某人的努力。
題目提到，「他維持和平的努力是如此____，以至於他獲得了諾貝爾和平獎」。諾貝爾和平獎通常是頒給為世界和平做出傑出貢獻的人。
選項分析：
(A) ridiculous：荒謬的，可笑的。如果努力是荒謬的，就不可能獲得諾貝爾和平獎。

Question 10

10. The Pre-Raphaelites group in 1848 intended to reform art in deference to the sincerities of the early Renaissance before Raphael in the fifteenth century in Italy. A. reiterated B. disseminated C. founded D. reinterpreted

Accepted Answer

本題考查動詞辨識，需要選擇一個適合描述一個藝術團體在某一年份的行為。
題目提到，「前拉斐爾派團體在1848年____，意圖改革藝術，以順應15世紀義大利拉斐爾之前的早期文藝復興的真誠」。
選項分析：
(A) reiterated：重申。表示重複之前的說法或行動，但這裡描述的是一個團體的創立和意圖。

Question 11

11. African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious haemorrhagic viral disease of domestic and wild pigs, serious economic and production losses. A. having responsibility for B. being responsible for C. that are responsible for D. which is responsible for

Accepted Answer

核心觀念 本題考「分詞片語作補充說明」以及主詞一致。 主句為： African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious haemorrhagic viral disease ..., serious economic and production losses. 主詞是單數名詞 African swine fever (ASF)。後半句要補充說明 ASF 所造成的結果，可將： ASF is responsible for serious economic and production losses. 改寫成逗號後的分詞片語： ASF is ..., being responsible for serious economic and production losses. 因此空格應填 being responsible for。 解題方法 先還原空格後的完整意思： African swine fever is a disease ..., and it is responsible for serious economic and production losses. 前後兩個子句的主詞都是 ASF，且後半句的動詞是 be responsible for。將第二個子句簡化為分詞片語時，保留 be 動詞的現在分詞： $$ 	ext{is responsible for} ightarrow 	ext{being responsible for} $$ 所以完整句意為： 非洲豬瘟是一種高度傳染性的家豬與野豬出血性病毒疾病，會造成嚴重的經濟與生產損失。 選項分析 A. having responsibility for having responsibility for 意為「具有……的責任」，通常用於表示某人或某組織負有責任，搭配本句的疾病主詞不自然。 本句要表達的是「造成損失、對損失負有直接作用」，固定搭配應為： be responsible for 而不是： have responsibility for 因此 A 不適合。 B. being responsible for

Question 12

12. the Aurelia Aurita, the most common and widely recognized jellyfish species, has venom, it is harmless to humans - it's even a popular dish in China! A. Since B. Though C. Moreover D. Because

Accepted Answer

本題考查連接詞的選用，以建立兩個子句之間的邏輯關係。 題目中有兩個子句： 1. "the Aurelia Aurita, the most common and widely recognized jellyfish species, has venom" （Aurelia Aurita 這種水母有毒）

Question 13

13. Nearly all the brown bears in the United States live in Alaska, which has 30,000 to 40, 000 brown bears, also called grizzles. A. an estimate B. an estimating C. an estimated D. estimating as

Accepted Answer

本題考查文法，需要選擇適合修飾數字的形容詞或名詞片語。
題目提到，美國幾乎所有的棕熊都住在阿拉斯加，阿拉斯加「____」30,000 到 40,000 頭棕熊。這裡需要一個詞來表示這個數字是一個估計值。
選項分析：
(A) an estimate：一個估計。可以作為名詞，但通常用來指「估計的結果」或「估計的行為」。用在這裡，語意上不太通順，好像阿拉斯加「有一個估計」存在，而不是「估計有這麼多熊」。

Question 14

14. The waters of the Chesapeake Bay have been enriched with organic materials and nutrients from waste products and fertilizers heavy human settlement around the Bay. A. apart from B. given that C. due to D. more so

Accepted Answer

本題考查介系詞片語的選用，以建立原因關係。 題目提到，切薩皮克灣的水域因「」周圍大量的人類居住而富含來自廢棄物和肥料的有機物質和營養。 這句話是要說明水域富含營養的原因。 選項分析： (A) apart from：除了...之外。表示排除，與原因關係不符。 (B) given that：考慮到。

Question 15

15. Stephen Hawking, for his groundbreaking work with black holes and relativity, was the author of several popular science books including A Brief History of Time. A. a scientist best known B. a scientist was best known C. was the best known scientist D. whose best known

Accepted Answer

核心觀念 本題測驗「英文句子結構分析」、「名詞同位語（Appositive）」以及「分詞片語後位修飾」。 1. 基本句子結構（一句一主要動詞原則）： 一個完整的英文獨立子句，在沒有連接詞（如 and, but, because 等）的情況下，只能有一組主要主詞與主要動詞。 2. 同位語與修飾語結構： 主詞與主要動詞之間以雙逗號 , ... , 隔開的成分為插入語／同位語修飾結構。此結構通常由「名詞片語（同位語）」、「關係代名詞子句（形容詞子句）」或「分詞片語」構成，用來補充說明主詞的特徵或身分，內部不得出現缺乏連接詞或關係詞引導的獨立主要動詞。 3. 分詞後位修飾： 名詞後方可接過去分詞片語（$V	ext{-ed}$ phrase）表被動或狀態，此為關係代名詞子句省略主格關代與 $be$ 動詞後的簡化形式（省略 who was）。 --- 解題方法 步驟一：剖析全句骨幹，找出主要主詞與主要動詞 - 主要主詞（Subject）：Stephen Hawking（史蒂芬·霍金） - 主要動詞（Verb）：was（是） - 主詞補語（Complement）：the author of several popular science books...（數本暢銷科普書的作者……） 步驟二：判斷空格的功能與結構 主詞 Stephen Hawking 與主要動詞 was 之間由雙逗號隔開： $$	ext{Stephen Hawking},\ \underline{\hspace{2cm}}\ 	ext{for his groundbreaking work..., was the author...}$$ 此處的雙逗號內部為修飾主詞的「補充說明成分」（同位語片語）。由於主要子句已具備主要動詞 was，且無任何連接詞，因此空格內： 1. 不能直接出現獨立的限定動詞（Finite Verb），否則會形成「雙動詞（Double Verbs）」的文法錯誤。 2. 必須填入能合理修飾 Stephen Hawking 的名詞同位語片語或非限定動詞修飾結構。 步驟三：驗證修飾結構 若填入 a scientist best known，整個插入結構為： $$	ext{a scientist [ (who was) best known for his groundbreaking work... ]}$$ - a scientist 作為 Stephen Hawking 的名詞同位語。 - best known for... 為過去分詞片語，後位修飾先行詞 a scientist（知名於……的科學家）。

Question 16

16. As researchers develop even a decade ago to edit our genes, predict our risk of disease, even shape the biomedical future of our children - individuals and societies must think critically about the implications. A. tools not imagined B. tools without being imagined C. tools not having imagined D. tools not been imagined

Accepted Answer

本題考查形容詞片語的結構，用來修飾名詞 "tools"。
題目提到，隨著研究人員開發出「____」的工具，來編輯基因、預測疾病風險，甚至塑造我們孩子的生物醫學未來，個人和社會必須批判性地思考其影響。
空格處需要一個片語來描述這些工具的性質，並且這個工具是「還未被設想出來」的。
選項分析：
(A) tools not imagined：未被設想的工具。這是一個常見且正確的結構，表示工具是尚未被想像出來的。
(B) tools without being imagined：沒有被設想的工具。

Question 17

17. Cindy's company has unveiled its new desktop computer design, all disk drives and processors into a flat display less than one inch thick. A. which integrates B. integrates C. is integrating D. whether integrates

Accepted Answer

本題考查文法，需要選擇適合的動詞形式來連接主句和描述電腦設計功能的子句。
主句是 "Cindy's company has unveiled its new desktop computer design,"。
空格後面的部分描述了這個設計的特點：將所有硬碟和處理器整合到一個薄於一英吋的平面顯示器中。
這是一個描述電腦設計「功能」的子句，需要一個動詞來連接。
選項分析：
(A) which integrates： which 作為關係代名詞，引導一個非限制性關係代名詞子句，修飾 "design"。 "integrates" 是現在式動詞，與前面的 "has unveiled" (現在完成式) 在時態上可以並存，表示設計的持續性功能。這是正確的結構。
(B) integrates：單獨的現在式動詞。

Question 18

18. Despite funding cuts and the need to educate the public on in the most expensive scientific instrument ever made, Nell Corporation laid the foundation that eventually made NASA's vision of the ultimate space-based observatory a reality. A. how should it invest B. what is the investment C. which it should invest D. why it should invest

Accepted Answer

本題考查名詞子句的結構，用來填補介系詞 "on" 後面的空格。
題目提到，儘管資金削減，並且需要向公眾解釋「____」這個有史以來最昂貴的科學儀器，Nell 公司還是奠定了基礎，最終實現了 NASA 的終極太空觀測站願景。
空格處需要一個名詞子句，說明需要向公眾解釋關於這個儀器的什麼內容。
選項分析：
(A) how should it invest：它應該如何投資。這是一個疑問句的倒裝結構，用作名詞子句時，應為 "how it should invest"。

Question 19

19. By focusing on its intricacies but also taking in larger issues of general interest, the broad scope of Kriesi's study will appeal to all in contemporary European politics and democratic systems. A. whose interests B. those interested C. whom interested D. who is interesting

Accepted Answer

本題考查文法，需要選擇適合連接名詞 "all" 和後面的修飾語。
題目提到，Kriesi 的研究範圍廣泛，既關注細節，也關注更廣泛的普遍利益問題，因此會吸引「所有____」當代歐洲政治和民主體系方面的人。
空格處需要一個片語來指代「對這些感興趣的人」。
選項分析：
(A) whose interests：那些利益。這是一個名詞片語，"whose" 指代人，後面接名詞。但這裡需要的是指代「對…感興趣的人」。
(B) those interested：那些感興趣的人。

Question 20

20. Now a growing body of research is linking untreated hearing loss to several costly ills, and the time has come for hearing protection and treatment of hearing loss much more seriously. A. takes B. to be taken C. to be taking D. being taking

Accepted Answer

本題考查文法，需要選擇適合的動詞形式來完成句子結構。
題目提到，越來越多的研究將未經治療的聽力損失與幾種昂貴的疾病聯繫起來，現在是時候「____」聽力保護和聽力損失治療了。
這句話的結構是 "the time has come for X" (是時候做 X 了)，其中 X 是一個名詞或名詞片語。
在這裡，X 是 "hearing protection and treatment of hearing loss ____ much more seriously"。
空格處需要填入一個動詞形式，與 "hearing protection and treatment" 構成一個名詞片語，表示「被認真對待」。
因此，這裡需要一個被動語態的結構。
選項分析：
(A) takes：現在式動詞。

Question 21

Passage A
Our personalities shape our social styles. Extroverts are the people who will add
life to your dinner party and laugh generously at your jokes. They ____ be assertive,
dominant, and in great need of company. Extroverts think out loud and on their feet;
they prefer talking to listening, rarely find themselves ____ for words, and
occasionally blurt out things they never meant to say. They're comfortable with
conflict, but not with solitude.
21. A. agree to
B. refuse to
C. tend to
D. profess to

Accepted Answer

本題考查動詞的選用，以描述外向者（Extroverts）的行為特徵。
題目描述外向者「____」自信、有主見，並且非常需要陪伴。
選項分析：
(A) agree to：同意。不符合描述外向者特質的語意。
(B) refuse to：拒絕。不符合描述外向者特質的語意。

Question 22

Passage A
Our personalities shape our social styles. Extroverts are the people who will add
life to your dinner party and laugh generously at your jokes. They tend to be assertive,
dominant, and in great need of company. Extroverts think out loud and on their feet;
they prefer talking to listening, rarely find themselves ____ for words, and
occasionally blurt out things they never meant to say. They're comfortable with
conflict, but not with solitude.
22. A. at any cost
B. at a loss
C. at a distance
D. at first price

Accepted Answer

本題考查慣用語的選用，以描述外向者（Extroverts）的特徵。
題目提到，外向者「很少發現自己____，並且偶爾會說出他們並非本意的話」。這裡描述的是他們在溝通時的狀態。
選項分析：
(A) at any cost：不惜任何代價。與「說不出話」的語意不符。

Question 23

Passage B Introverts, , may have strong social skills and enjoy parties and business meetings, but after a while wish they were home in their pajamas. They prefer to devote their social energies to close friends, colleagues, and family. They listen more than they talk, think before they speak, and often feel they express themselves better in writing than in conversation. They tend to dislike conflict. Many have a of small talk, but enjoy deep discussions. 23. A. in contrast B. in addition C. in particular D. in summary

Accepted Answer

本題考查連接詞或片語的選用，以連接兩個關於「內向者」（Introverts）的描述。
題目描述了內向者可能擁有社交技巧，但卻更喜歡獨處。這裡需要一個詞來連接「內向者」和他們的一些特質。
選項分析：
(A) in contrast：與此相反，相比之下。這是一個表示對比的片語，可以用來將內向者的特質與外向者（前文提到）進行對比。
(B) in addition：此外。

Question 24

Passage B
Introverts, in contrast, may have strong social skills and enjoy parties and business
meetings, but after a while wish they were home in their pajamas. They prefer to
devote their social energies to close friends, colleagues, and family. They listen more
than they talk, think before they speak, and often feel as if they express themselves
better in writing than in conversation. They tend to dislike conflict. Many have a ____
of small talk, but enjoy deep discussions.
25. A. horror
B. sneer
C. niche
D. sight

Accepted Answer

本題考查連接詞的選用，以描述內向者（Introverts）的感受。
題目提到，內向者「常常感覺____他們寫作時表達得比交談時更好」。這裡需要一個連接詞來引出這種感覺。
選項分析：
(A) as yet：到目前為止。與語意不符。

Question 25

Passage B
Introverts, in contrast, may have strong social skills and enjoy parties and business
meetings, but after a while wish they were home in their pajamas. They prefer to
devote their social energies to close friends, colleagues, and family. They listen more
than they talk, think before they speak, and often feel as if they express themselves
better in writing than in conversation. They tend to dislike conflict. Many have a ____
of small talk, but enjoy deep discussions.
25. A. horror
B. sneer
C. niche
D. sight

Accepted Answer

本題考查名詞的選用，以描述內向者（Introverts）對「閒聊」的態度。
題目提到，許多內向者「____閒聊，但喜歡深入的討論」。這暗示他們對閒聊的態度是負面的。
選項分析：
(A) horror：恐懼，驚駭。表示對閒聊感到極度厭惡，符合語意。

Question 26

Passage B
I believe in dieting for the sake of my health. But I pity the people who don't
touch sweets at all. Their reason is that sweets are rich in calories and contribute to
weight gain. Recent research tells us that the simple pleasures we get from life help us
____ our immune system. For example, the taste of chocolate and a piece of candy
can help make us feel happy, which in turn works for our good. These simple
pleasures not only help us feel happy, they also protect us from common ____ such
as colds and the flu. For me, life without sweets is simply ____. I enjoy a cup of
hot chocolate once in a while. I drink it slowly to fully appreciate the good taste, the
smell and the wonderful feeling of satisfaction I get. I eat a piece of chocolate cake
occasionally, and I have chocolate ice cream from time to time. Of course I know I
have to watch my weight. The secret is that I don't ____ in sweets. I have remained
fit throughout my life and I have always enjoyed the simple pleasure of chocolate.
27. A. heighten
28. A. achievements
29. A. unnecessary
30. A. overindulge
B. weaken
B. elements
B. unacceptable
B. overstate
C. lengthen
C. ailments
C. unaffordable
C. overqualify
D. strengthen
D. developments
D. unimportant
D. overwrite

Accepted Answer

本題考查動詞的選用，以描述糖分與體重增加的關係。
題目提到，甜食富含卡路里，並且「____」體重增加。
選項分析：
(A) distribute：分配，分發。與體重增加無關。
(B) attribute：歸因於，認為...是...的結果。符合語意，表示甜食富含卡路里，這被「歸因於」體重增加。
(C) contribute：促成，有助於。與體重增加有關，表示甜食「促成」體重增加。
(D) assimilate：吸收，同化。與體重增加的關係較間接。
在描述原因與結果時，"attribute X to Y" (將 X 歸因於 Y) 和 "X contribute to Y" (X 促成 Y) 都可以表示因果關係。
然而，從句子的結構來看，"sweets are rich in calories and ____ to weight gain."，空格處需要填入一個動詞，表示「對體重增加的影響」。

Question 27

Passage B
I believe in dieting for the sake of my health. But I pity the people who don't
touch sweets at all. Their reason is that sweets are rich in calories and contribute to
weight gain. Recent research tells us that the simple pleasures we get from life help us
____ our immune system. For example, the taste of chocolate and a piece of candy
can help make us feel happy, which in turn works for our good. These simple
pleasures not only help us feel happy, they also protect us from common ____ such
as colds and the flu. For me, life without sweets is simply ____. I enjoy a cup of
hot chocolate once in a while. I drink it slowly to fully appreciate the good taste, the
smell and the wonderful feeling of satisfaction I get. I eat a piece of chocolate cake
occasionally, and I have chocolate ice cream from time to time. Of course I know I
have to watch my weight. The secret is that I don't ____ in sweets. I have remained
fit throughout my life and I have always enjoyed the simple pleasure of chocolate.
27. A. heighten
28. A. achievements
29. A. unnecessary
30. A. overindulge
B. weaken
B. elements
B. unacceptable
B. overstate
C. lengthen
C. ailments
C. unaffordable
C. overqualify
D. strengthen
D. developments
D. unimportant
D. overwrite

Accepted Answer

本題考查動詞的選用，以描述簡單的快樂對免疫系統的影響。
題目提到，研究表明生活中的簡單快樂有助於「____」我們的免疫系統。
選項分析：
(A) heighten：提高。與免疫系統的增強有關。
(B) weaken：削弱。與免疫系統的增強相反。
(C) lengthen：延長。與免疫系統的增強無關。

Question 28

Passage B
I believe in dieting for the sake of my health. But I pity the people who don't
touch sweets at all. Their reason is that sweets are rich in calories and contribute to
weight gain. Recent research tells us that the simple pleasures we get from life help us
____ our immune system. For example, the taste of chocolate and a piece of candy
can help make us feel happy, which in turn works for our good. These simple
pleasures not only help us feel happy, they also protect us from common ____ such
as colds and the flu. For me, life without sweets is simply ____. I enjoy a cup of
hot chocolate once in a while. I drink it slowly to fully appreciate the good taste, the
smell and the wonderful feeling of satisfaction I get. I eat a piece of chocolate cake
occasionally, and I have chocolate ice cream from time to time. Of course I know I
have to watch my weight. The secret is that I don't ____ in sweets. I have remained
fit throughout my life and I have always enjoyed the simple pleasure of chocolate.
27. A. heighten
28. A. achievements
29. A. unnecessary
30. A. overindulge
B. weaken
B. elements
B. unacceptable
B. overstate
C. lengthen
C. ailments
C. unaffordable
C. overqualify
D. strengthen
D. developments
D. unimportant
D. overwrite

Accepted Answer

本題考查名詞的選用，以描述簡單快樂可以保護我們免受哪些常見的「」。
題目提到，這些簡單的快樂不僅讓我們快樂，還能保護我們免受諸如感冒和流感之類的「」。
選項分析：
(A) achievements：成就。與疾病無關。

Question 29

Passage B
I believe in dieting for the sake of my health. But I pity the people who don't
touch sweets at all. Their reason is that sweets are rich in calories and contribute to
weight gain. Recent research tells us that the simple pleasures we get from life help us
____ our immune system. For example, the taste of chocolate and a piece of candy
can help make us feel happy, which in turn works for our good. These simple
pleasures not only help us feel happy, they also protect us from common ____ such
as colds and the flu. For me, life without sweets is simply ____. I enjoy a cup of
hot chocolate once in a while. I drink it slowly to fully appreciate the good taste, the
smell and the wonderful feeling of satisfaction I get. I eat a piece of chocolate cake
occasionally, and I have chocolate ice cream from time to time. Of course I know I
have to watch my weight. The secret is that I don't ____ in sweets. I have remained
fit throughout my life and I have always enjoyed the simple pleasure of chocolate.
27. A. heighten
28. A. achievements
29. A. unnecessary
30. A. overindulge
B. weaken
B. elements
B. unacceptable
B. overstate
C. lengthen
C. ailments
C. unaffordable
C. overqualify
D. strengthen
D. developments
D. unimportant
D. overwrite

Accepted Answer

本題考查形容詞的選用，以描述作者對「沒有甜食的生活」的看法。
題目提到，「對我來說，沒有甜食的生活簡直是____」。考慮到作者享受甜食，並認為它們是簡單快樂的一部分，那麼沒有甜食的生活對他來說是負面的。
選項分析：
(A) unnecessary：不必要的。作者顯然認為甜食是必要的，所以沒有甜食的生活是「不必要的」不對。

Question 30

Passage B
I believe in dieting for the sake of my health. But I pity the people who don't
touch sweets at all. Their reason is that sweets are rich in calories and contribute to
weight gain. Recent research tells us that the simple pleasures we get from life help us
____ our immune system. For example, the taste of chocolate and a piece of candy
can help make us feel happy, which in turn works for our good. These simple
pleasures not only help us feel happy, they also protect us from common ____ such
as colds and the flu. For me, life without sweets is simply ____. I enjoy a cup of
hot chocolate once in a while. I drink it slowly to fully appreciate the good taste, the
smell and the wonderful feeling of satisfaction I get. I eat a piece of chocolate cake
occasionally, and I have chocolate ice cream from time to time. Of course I know I
have to watch my weight. The secret is that I don't ____ in sweets. I have remained
fit throughout my life and I have always enjoyed the simple pleasure of chocolate.
27. A. heighten
28. A. achievements
29. A. unnecessary
30. A. overindulge
B. weaken
B. elements
B. unacceptable
B. overstate
C. lengthen
C. ailments
C. unaffordable
C. overqualify
D. strengthen
D. developments
D. unimportant
D. overwrite

Accepted Answer

本題考查動詞的選用，以描述作者在享受甜食時的原則。
題目提到，作者知道自己需要控制體重，秘訣在於「我不在甜食上____」。
選項分析：
(A) overindulge：過度放縱，吃得太多。

Question 31

31. Which environmental challenges AI for Earth program invested by Microsoft will NOT focus on? A. particulate matter B. climate change C. biodiversity issues D. water issues

Accepted Answer

本題考查對閱讀文章內容的理解，特別是微軟 AI for Earth 專案的關注點。 文章提到：「Microsoft announced that it is expanding its AI for Earth program and committing

Question 32

32. Which one is TRUE about California's One Concern? A. Volcano activity notice can be updated daily. B. The predictions can help people better prepare for the natural disasters. C. Severe weather telephone consultation can be available all day long. D. Storm alerts will be sent out via email or fax 2-6 hours in advance.

Accepted Answer

本題考查對閱讀文章內容的理解，特別是關於加州 One Concern 公司及其預測自然災害能力的描述。
文章提到：「California's One Concern is using AI technology to identify and mitigate future risk stemming from natural disasters. In 2017, natural disasters caused a record-breaking

Question 33

33. How is SnotBot used for the whale research? A. Snotbot collects whales' bubbles when they swim in circles. B. Drones are used to collect data about whales without having to get researchers near the animals. C. The vibration of a whale's blowing hole is collected when a whale is under the water. D. Whales' sounds are collected as data when they produce sounds through their larynx.

Accepted Answer

本題考查對閱讀文章內容的理解，特別是關於 SnotBot 如何用於鯨魚研究的描述。
文章提到：「'SnotBot,' which doesn't exactly sound sophisticated, uses drones which allow a vastly different approach to whale research, flying well above the surface of the water where the whales are never touched or approached closely. SnotBots hover above a surfacing whale and collect the blow (or snot) exhaled from its lungs, then return back

Question 34

34. How does Parley's Ian Kerr feel about SnotBot program? A. SnotBot program is an inept gadget. B. SnotBot program is a cool entertainment. C. SnotBot program yields the beneficial effects. D. SnotBot program is detrimental to whales.

Accepted Answer

核心觀念 本題考查閱讀理解中的「人物態度與主旨判斷」。解題關鍵是掌握 Parley 的 Ian Kerr 對 SnotBot 計畫的整體評價，以及該計畫實際帶來的功能與影響。 SnotBot 是利用無人機接近鯨魚，收集鯨魚噴氣孔排出的氣體與液體樣本，以供研究人員分析健康狀況的計畫。這種方法能減少傳統追捕、接觸鯨魚所造成的干擾，並協助保育與科學研究。因此，Ian Kerr 對 SnotBot 的態度是正面肯定的。 解題方法 先判斷題幹中的關鍵問法： How does Parley's Ian Kerr feel about SnotBot program? 意思是「Parley 的 Ian Kerr 如何看待 SnotBot 計畫？」 接著以計畫的目的與成效判斷人物態度。SnotBot 並非單純娛樂設備，而是以無人機收集鯨魚樣本，協助研究鯨魚健康及推動保育。計畫具有實際的科學與環境效益，因此應選擇表達「有益」的選項。 選項分析 A. SnotBot program is an inept gadget. 錯誤。inept 表示「無能的、不適任的、效果不佳的」，gadget 表示「小裝置」。此選項將 SnotBot 貶低為無效的設備，與計畫能協助鯨魚研究與保育的正面功能不符。

Question 35

35. What is the best title for this article? A. Roles of artificial intelligence in education B. The top myths about advanced artificial intelligence C. Building your own artificial intelligence personal assistant D. Use of artificial intelligence to fight climate change

Accepted Answer

核心觀念 本題考查英文閱讀中的「主旨與標題判斷」。最佳標題必須： 1. 能涵蓋全文主要內容； 2. 範圍不能過度狹窄； 3. 不可加入文章未強調的特定議題； 4. 能準確反映作者的核心討論對象與目的。 題目未提供文章正文；依各選項的語意與題型設定，假設文章主要介紹大眾對「先進人工智慧」常見的錯誤認知與迷思。 解題方法 判斷標題時，先比較各選項的主題範圍： - 若選項只談人工智慧的單一用途，通常屬於細節或局部主題。 - 若選項涵蓋人工智慧的多種迷思、誤解或常見觀念，較可能是全文主旨。 - 標題中的 top myths 表示文章集中整理「最常見、最重要的迷思」，與主旨型文章的標題形式相符。 - advanced artificial intelligence 限定討論範圍為先進人工智慧，並非泛指所有人工智慧應用。 因此，最能統整全文主旨的標題是 The top myths about advanced artificial intelligence。 選項分析 A. Roles of artificial intelligence in education 意為「人工智慧在教育中的角色」。此選項將主題限定在教育領域，若文章內容是在討論人工智慧的普遍迷思，教育只是其中一種可能的應用，範圍過於狹窄，因此不適合作為全文標題。

Question 36

Passage B Caring for a loved one who needs help with everything from getting dressed to going to the doctor can be a challenge. But for family caregivers who also work at another job, the strain can force them to cut back their hours or even quit their jobs. State legislatures from Hawaii to New York are stepping up to help employed caregivers with measures that provide some financial relief and workplace flexibility. In Hawaii, the Kupuna Caregivers Assistance Act went into effect last month. Kupuna in Hawaiian means an elder, grandparent or an older person held in high esteem. The groundbreaking measure provides up to $70 a day worth of services for a caregiver who assists a loved one over age 60 and is employed at another job for least 30 hours a week. The money goes directly to provide…

Accepted Answer

本題考查對文章主旨的理解。
文章開頭描述了家庭照顧者的挑戰，特別是對於需要同時工作的照顧者。接著，文章列舉了不同州（夏威夷、紐約、華盛頓、加州等）為幫助這些照顧者所採取的措施，包括提供經濟援助（如夏威夷的 Kupuna Caregivers Assistance Act）和工作場所彈性（如帶薪家庭假）。這些措施的共同目的是減輕照顧者的經濟負擔和壓力。
選項分析：
(A) to explain different formats of long-term care and types of caregivers (解釋長期照護的不同形式和照顧者類型) - 文章確實提到了照顧者，但重點不在於解釋不同形式的長期照護，而是政府提供的支持措施。

Question 37

Passage B Caring for a loved one who needs help with everything from getting dressed to going to the doctor can be a challenge. But for family caregivers who also work at another job, the strain can force them to cut back their hours or even quit their jobs. State legislatures from Hawaii to New York are stepping up to help employed caregivers with measures that provide some financial relief and workplace flexibility. In Hawaii, the Kupuna Caregivers Assistance Act went into effect last month. Kupuna in Hawaiian means an elder, grandparent or an older person held in high esteem. The groundbreaking measure provides up to $70 a day worth of services for a caregiver who assists a loved one over age 60 and is employed at another job for least 30 hours a week. The money goes directly to provide…

Accepted Answer

本題考查代名詞指代。 題目要求判斷第一段中代名詞 "them" 指代的是誰。 第一段的句子是：「But for family caregivers who also work at another job, the strain can force them to cut back their hours or even quit their jobs.」 這裡的 "them" 指代的是前面提到的對象。

Question 38

38. Who is eligible to apply for the measure under the Act? A. Harrison, whose wife is 40 years old, works as a full-time nurse. B. Lydia, whose daughter is 7 years old, is currently a housewife. C. Timothy, whose father is 80 years old, works as a full-term accountant D. Susan, whose mom is 75 years old, is currently a housewife.

Accepted Answer

核心觀念 本題考的是「法規所規定的適用對象」，判斷重點不在人物的職業，而在： 1. 親屬關係是否符合規定。 2. 被照顧者的年齡是否達到法定門檻。 3. 被照顧者是否仍在工作，因為仍工作的家屬通常不符合「受扶養或需照顧」的條件。 本題所稱的 measure 應指針對高齡、無工作能力或需受扶養家屬所設的照顧措施。 解題方法 逐一比對各選項的家屬身分、年齡與工作狀況： - 配偶 40 歲：未達高齡標準。 - 女兒 7 歲：屬於未成年子女，不是本措施針對的高齡家屬。 - 父親 80 歲但仍任職：雖達高齡，仍有工作收入，未必符合受扶養或照顧對象的條件。 - 母親 75 歲且為家庭主婦：已達高齡門檻，且目前沒有工作，符合本措施的適用條件。 因此，應選擇年滿法定年齡且沒有工作的家屬。 選項分析 - A. Harrison, whose wife is 40 years old, works as a full-time nurse. 錯誤。Harrison 的妻子只有 40 歲，未達本措施所要求的高齡標準；而且她是全職護理師，具有工作收入，並非主要受照顧或受扶養對象。 - B. Lydia, whose daughter is 7 years old, is currently a housewife.

Question 39

39. What kind of flexibility is provided for employees who take care of their family in New York? A. paid family leave B. free transportation C. long-term care insurance D. home-delivered meals

Accepted Answer

本題考查對文章內容的理解，特別是關於紐約州為家庭照顧者提供的彈性措施。 文章提到：「Many other states are focusing on workplace flexibilities and tax breaks to give family caregivers a hand. Washington, California, Rhode Island, New Jersey, New York and the District of Columbia have passed laws that require employers to provide paid family leave for employees who need time off to care for sick or disabled fami

Question 40

40. Which statement is TRUE about the word "Kupuna"? A. It's Hindi. B. It refers to an old person. C. It indicates despising. D. It means priests.

Accepted Answer

本題考查對文章內容的理解，特別是關於詞語 "Kupuna" 的定義。 文章提到：「Kupuna in Hawaiian means an elder, grandparent or an older person held in high esteem.」 根據這段文字： (A) It's Hindi. (它是印度語。) - 文章明確指出 Kupuna 是夏威夷語 (Hawaiian)。 (B) It refers to an old person. (它指的是一個老人。

Question 41

41. A good title for this passage would be . A. The Twenties B. The Great Crash C. The End of World War I D. The Depression

Accepted Answer

本題考查對文章主旨的歸納，以選出最適合的文章標題。 文章描述了 1920 年代的繁榮（Roaring Twenties）、1929 年的股市崩盤（"Great Crash"）以及隨之而來的經濟蕭條（economic depression）。文章重點講述了從 1929 年的崩盤到 1932 年的經濟蕭條，以及羅斯福總統如何通過「新政」來應對。 選項分析： (A) The Twenties (二十年代) - 文章提到了二十年代的繁榮，但重點是之後的經濟危機。

Question 42

42. The 1920s were called the Roaring Twenties because . A. social and economic affairs were prospering B. women were advancing in the fight for equal rights C. there was little unemployment D. people were celebrating the end of World War I

Accepted Answer

本題考查對文章內容的理解，關於「咆哮的二十年代」(Roaring Twenties) 的稱呼原因。 文章提到：「Called the Roaring Twenties, the 1920s ushered in a number of things - prosperity, greater equality for women in the work world, rising consumption, and easy credit.」 根據這段文字，二十年代被稱為「咆哮的二十年代」，是因為當時「社會和經濟事務正在蓬勃發展」(prosperity)。 選項分析： (A) social and economic affairs were prospering (社會和經濟事務正在蓬勃發展) - 這與文章中的 "prosperity" 相符。

Question 43

43. The "Great Crash" refers to . A. the end of World War I B. the Great Depression C. a slump in the stock market D. high unemployment figures

Accepted Answer

本題考查對文章內容的理解，關於「Great Crash」的含義。 文章提到：「October 1929 was a month that had catastrophic economic reverberations worldwide. The American stock market witnessed the 'Great Crash,' as it is called, and the temporary boom in the American economy came to a standstill. Stock prices sank, and panic spread.」

Question 44

44. You can infer that the author of this passage . A. thinks the Depression could have been avoided B. blames the Depression on the "Great Crash" C. thinks that the appeal of Roosevelt and Hitler was similar D. disapproves of Roosevelt's "New Deal"

Accepted Answer

核心觀念 本題考查閱讀理解中的「作者觀點推論」。重點不是尋找文章逐字出現的句子，而是根據作者對大蕭條、羅斯福與希特勒的描述，判斷作者整體立場。 題幹未附完整短文，因此以下依選項所呈現的典型文章脈絡作答：作者比較羅斯福與希特勒在經濟危機時期所展現的政治吸引力，而非單純討論股市崩盤或新政政策本身。 解題方法 先抓住題幹關鍵字 infer。這表示正確選項必須是由文章內容合理推導出的作者觀點，不能只是歷史事實，也不能加入文章沒有支持的價值判斷。 四個選項可分成兩類： - A、B、D：針對大蕭條成因或新政的特定立場。 - C：比較羅斯福與希特勒各自對民眾的吸引力。 若文章將兩人放在同一個歷史背景下，說明他們都在經濟危機中以強而有力的領導形象獲得支持，便可推論作者認為兩人的政治吸引力具有相似性。因此答案為 C。 選項分析 A. thinks the Depression could have been avoided 錯誤。此選項主張作者認為大蕭條「本來可以避免」，涉及對歷史因果與政策責任的判斷。除非文章明確表示危機因政府錯誤、金融制度缺陷或其他可避免因素所造成，否則不能由文章僅僅提到大蕭條而推出此結論。 B. blames the Depression on the "Great Crash" 錯誤。此選項把大蕭條直接歸咎於「Great Crash」，即 1929 年華爾街股市崩盤。然而股市崩盤通常被視為大蕭條的重要觸發因素，並不等於全部成因。若文章強調經濟結構、失業、銀行倒閉或政治反應，便更不能推論作者將責任完全歸於股市崩盤。

Question 45

45. Both Roosevelt and Hitler were successful in their bids for leadership because . A. they had eccentric leadership qualities B. their nations needed innovative economic policies C. their nations had experienced an economic boom D. the governments had regained spending capacities

Accepted Answer

本題考查對文章內容的理解，關於羅斯福和希特勒成功獲得領導地位的原因。 文章在描述德國的經濟困境時提到：「Germans had lost confidence in their old leaders and heralded the arrival of a messiah-like figure who would lead them out of their economic wilderness. Hitler promised jobs and, once elected, kept his promise by providing employment in the party, in the newly expanded army, and in munitions factories.」

Question 46

46. What does "cannot be overemphasized" mean? A. It means that you should avoid emphasizing something too much. B. It means that it is impossible to emphasize something. C. It means that overemphasizing is not good. D. It means that something is extremely important.

Accepted Answer

本題考查對慣用語 "cannot be overemphasized" 的理解。 這個片語的意思是「再怎麼強調都不為過」，表示某件事物極其重要，需要給予高度重視。 選項分析： (A) It means that you should avoid emphasizing something too much. (它的意思是你不應該過度強調某事。) - 這與原片語的意思相反。

Question 47

47. What does the author mean by saying that an interview is a matter of life and death? A. The author overemphasized the importance of interviews. B. The author is emphasizing the importance of interviews. C. The author thinks your life depends on the interview. D. The author thinks your chance of landing the job has nothing to do with the interview.

Accepted Answer

本題考查對文章中比喻性說法 "a matter of life and death" 的理解。 文章提到：「It is no exaggeration to say that the interview is a matter of life and death.」這裡使用「生死攸關」的比喻，是為了強調面試的重要性。 選項分析： (A) The author overemphasized the importance of interviews. (作者過度強調了面試的重要性。) - "It is no exaggeration to say..." 表明作者認為這不是誇張，而是真實的重要程度，所以不是「過度強調」。 (B) The author is emphasizing the importance of interviews. (作者正在強調面試的重要性。

Question 48

48. What can an interviewee do to avoid being late? A. He/She can take the subway. B. He/She can leave early. C. He/She can allow plenty of time for traffic. D. All of the above.

Accepted Answer

本題考查對文章內容的理解，關於如何避免遲到。 文章提到：「The formalities also include being on time. It is important to arrive early. The interviewer may finish an interview earlier and wish to talk with you sooner, so make sure you are available. Not being on time shows disrespect, both to the interviewer and to your future job. Therefore, it is to be avoided at all costs. Excuses such as being caught in a traffic jam or even plausible reasons won't be accepted.」 文章強調要「準時」，並且「提早到達」。

Question 49

49. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To evaluate. B. To advise. C. To inform. D. To entertain.

Accepted Answer

本題考查對文章主旨的理解，即文章的寫作目的。 文章內容是關於面試的準備和注意事項，例如著裝、準時、做研究、準備問題、誠實但不批評前雇主等。這些都是給予讀者的建議，旨在幫助他們在面試中取得成功。 選項分析： (A) To evaluate. (為了評估。) - 文章不是在評估面試或某人，而是在提供指導。

Question 50

50. What is NOT included in the above passage? A. What you should ask during an interview. B. Why being on time is important. C. How to dress for the interview. D. What you should do before the interview.

Accepted Answer

本題考查對文章內容的理解，找出文章中未包含的資訊。 文章內容涵蓋了面試準備的各個方面： - What you should do before the interview: "Second, do research. Find out as much about your prospective employer as you can. ... More importantly, you can ask the interviewer relevant questions about your future job..." (選項 D) - Why being on time is important: "Not being on time shows disrespect, both to the interviewer and to your future job. Therefore, it is to be avoided at all costs." (選項 B)

108 年 國立清華大學環境與文化資源學系碩士班《英文》

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其他考古題

108 年清華大學的其他科目

其他學校的人文其他考古題

108 年國立清華大學環境與文化資源學系碩士班《英文》