113 年 國立清華大學人類學研究所《英文》
第 1 題
She's a police officer, so she has to wear a ____ at work.
a. dress
b. uniform
c. police suit
d. clothes
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本題考查詞彙辨識與語境理解。題目描述一位女性是警察，因此她上班時必須穿著某種制服。
選項 (a) dress 指洋裝，警察通常不穿洋裝值勤。
選項 (b) uniform 指制服，這是警察的標準服裝。
第 2 題
I'll send it to you ____ I get the money.
a. in case
b. unless
c. as soon as
d. until
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本題考查連接詞的用法與語意。句子的意思是「我會在你收到錢之後，馬上寄給你」。
選項 (a) in case 意思是「以防萬一」，表示一種預防措施，與句意不符。
選項 (b) unless 意思是「除非」，表示條件，與句意不符。
第 3 題
He's a waiter; she's a ____.
a. waitree
b. waiter
c. waiteress
d. waitress
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本題考查名詞的性別對應。句子前半句提到 "He's a waiter" (他是一位男服務生)。後半句需要填入與 "waiter" 相對應的女性服務生。
選項 (a) waitree 是錯誤的拼寫。
第 4 題
I spend too much time ____ ____ more time for myself and my family.
a. to work having
b. working to have
c. to work to have
d. working ... having
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核心觀念
本題考查兩個重要句型：
-
spend + 時間 + V-ing：表示「花時間做某事」。
- spend too much time working
- 花太多時間工作
-
to + 原形動詞可表示目的，意為「為了……」。
- to have more time for myself and my family
- 為了擁有更多時間陪伴自己與家人
因此句意為：「我花太多時間工作，為了能有更多時間留給自己和家人。」
解題方法
空格前為：
I spend too much time ____
依據固定句型：
第一格必須填入動名詞 working。
第二格表達「為了有更多時間」，使用目的不定詞：
因此填入 to have，完整句子為：
I spend too much time working to have more time for myself and my family.
選項分析
- (a) to work having：錯誤
第 5 題
Do you live in a house or ____?
a. an apartment
b. a village
c. a home
d. a building
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本題考查詞彙的選擇，需與 "house" 形成對比。句子結構為 "Do you live in a house or ____?"，尋找與 "house" 相對應的居住場所。
選項 (a) an apartment 指公寓，是與 house 相對的常見居住單位。
第 6 題
I'm busy on Friday, so I ____ come.
a. don't
b. can't
c. am not
d. not can
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本題考查助動詞和否定形式的用法。句子前半句說明「我週五很忙」，因此後半句應表達「我無法來」。
選項 (a) don't 是助動詞 do 的否定形式，通常用於一般動詞，例如 "I don't want to come."，但不能直接用於 "come" 前面表示能力。
第 7 題
Let's go to a restaurant for dinner tonight = Let's ____ tonight.
a. eat outside
b. eat out
c. eat outwardly
d. eat away
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本題考查慣用語法的辨識。題目要求找出與 "go to a restaurant for dinner" 同義的表達方式。
選項 (a) eat outside 意思是「在外面吃」，可能指在戶外用餐，但不一定指去餐廳。
第 8 題
If he ____ one minute later, he ____ the train.
a. would have arrived ... would have missed
b. arrived ... would have missed
c. had arrived ... would have missed
d. would arrive ... would miss
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本題考查假設語氣的用法，特別是第三種假設語氣 (mixed conditional) 或第二種與第三種的結合。
句子的結構是 "If + [過去完成式], [would have + 過去分詞]"，表示與過去事實相反的假設。
前半句 "If he ____ one minute later" 描述一個與過去事實相反的假設情況。
後半句 "he ____ the train" 描述這個假設情況所導致的過去結果。
選項 (a) would have arrived...would have missed：前半句使用 would have + 過去分詞，這是對過去結果的虛擬，不應用於 if 子句。
選項 (b) arrived...would have missed：前半句使用簡單過去式，後半句使用 would have + 過去分詞。
第 9 題
If I were you, I'd leave earlier, so you can avoid the ____.
a. peak time
b. traffic time
c. peak hour
d. rush hour
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本題考查詞彙辨識與語境理解。句子結構為 "If I were you, I'd leave earlier, so you can avoid the ____."，這是一種給予建議的句型。前半句表示「如果我是你，我會早點出發」，後半句說明這樣做的目的是為了「避開某個時段」。
選項 (a) peak time 指高峰時段，是一個籠統的說法。
選項 (b) traffic time 指交通時間，沒有這個固定詞彙。
第 10 題
Soldiers have been sent in to try to restore ____ in the area.
a. harmony
b. order
c. organization
d. regulation
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本題考查詞彙辨識與語境理解。句子描述「士兵被派去試圖恢復該地區的某種狀態」。
選項 (a) harmony 指和諧，通常用於人際關係或音樂。
選項 (b) order 指秩序，當社會混亂或失序時，需要恢復秩序。
第 11 題
Tibetan people are one official ethnic minority in China. Other minorities include Mongols, Hui, Naxi, and Yi.
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本題為翻譯題，要求將英文句子翻譯成中文。
"Tibetan people"：藏族人民
"are one official ethnic minority in China"：是中國一個官方認定的少數民族。
第 12 題
Austronesian languages groups can be found in Taiwan, throughout Southeast Asia, the Pacific Ocean, and as far west as Madagascar.
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本題為翻譯題，要求將英文句子翻譯成中文。
"Austronesian languages groups"：南島語系族群 (或南島語族群)
"can be found in"：可以在...找到
"Taiwan"：台灣
"throughout Southeast Asia"：遍及東南亞
第 13 題
Matsutake exist just for human use and harvesting.
a. True
b. False
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本題為閱讀理解題，根據文章判斷陳述是否為真。
文章提到：「Matsutake do not just exist in the world for humans as an object of the hunt, a commodity in the basket, and a meal on a plate; rather, they are livin
第 14 題
How are matsutake trade networks different from those of other transnational commodities such oil, lumber, and steel?
a. They are worth less money
b. The do not travel as far
c. They travel almost exclusively to one site, Japan
d. All of the above
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本題為閱讀理解題，根據文章判斷松茸貿易網絡與其他跨國商品（如石油、木材、鋼鐵）的差異。
文章提到：「Unlike the circulation of commodities such as oil, lumber, and steel—which make their way to nearly every country in a complex network—transnational flows of matsutake are more like a wheel and set of spokes: the mushrooms travel almost entirely to just one country in the hub: Japan.」
這段話直接比較了兩者：
- 石油、木材、鋼鐵的流通網絡複雜，幾乎遍及每個國家。
- 松茸的跨國流動則像一個輪子和輻條，幾乎全部集中到一個國家——日本。
第 15 題
How are matsutake different from corn?
a. Matsutake can thrive without human intervention
b. Matsutake arrived in Yunnan likely millions of years ago
c. They are actually very similar
d. A and B
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核心觀念
本題考查文章中「松茸（matsutake）與玉米（corn）的生態特性及人類依賴關係」。判斷重點有二：
- 松茸能在不依賴人類栽培、播種或管理的情況下生長。
- 松茸在雲南的出現具有久遠的自然遷徙與演化背景，推測早在數百萬年前便已抵達；玉米則是較晚由人類傳播至各地的作物。
因此，本題要找的是同時符合兩項差異的選項。
解題方法
先比較兩種生物與人類的關係：
- 玉米是高度馴化作物，生存與繁殖相當依賴人類播種、耕作與保存種子。
- 松茸是野生真菌，雖然與特定樹木形成共生關係，仍能在自然環境中繁殖與生長，不需要人類直接栽培。
- 松茸在雲南的存在具有長期自然擴散的歷史；玉米則是近代才透過人類活動傳入亞洲。
所以，A、B 皆為正確差異，應選擇同時包含 A 與 B 的選項。
選項分析
-
a. Matsutake can thrive without human intervention
正確。松茸屬於野生真菌，能在森林生態系中自然生長。它與樹木的根部形成共生關係，並不需要人類像照料玉米一樣進行播種、施肥與灌溉。
第 16 題
People need to pick matsutake for trade but the basis of the mushroom economy is matsutake's own existence and natural movement around the world.
a. True
b. False
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本題為閱讀理解題，根據文章判斷陳述是否為真。
文章提到：「Thus, while the actions of people picking matsutake are necessary for the economy to come into being, the fundamental basis of the economy is matsutake's own presence, which happened without human effort; and this presence is often ta
第 17 題
It is difficult to study the pre-colonial history of Taiwan's indigenous peoples because:
a. All records were destroyed
b. They had no written languages so no written records
c. There is very little interest in this history
d. None of the above
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本題為閱讀理解題，根據文章判斷為何研究台灣原住民前殖民歷史困難。
文章提到：「The difficulty of understanding the pre-colonial history of Formosa's Indigenous peoples is that they had no written language and thus kept no written record of their activities in ancient times.」
第 18 題
Formosan indigenous people were historically familiar with state forms of governance.
a. True
b. False
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本題為閱讀理解題，根據文章判斷台灣原住民是否熟悉國家治理形式。
文章提到：「The Formosan peoples, unlike the people on smaller 'offshore' islands in the Taiwan Strait also governed by the Republic of China (Taiwan), knew nothing of the various state forms that have characterized Chinese history for the p
第 19 題
The first Formosan indigenous peoples to enter into state governance were people living in the Southeast of the island.
a. True
b. False
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本題為閱讀理解題，根據文章判斷哪個地區的原住民最早接觸國家治理。
文章提到：「The first Formosan groups to encounter state administration were the peoples of southwestern Formosa, now known mostly as Siraya. The Dutch, rather than the Chinese, first brought state forms to
第 20 題
Why did the Dutch invite and introduce Chinese settlers to Taiwan/Formosa?
a. In order to control them
b. So that they would fight with the indigenous peoples
c. As a necessary labor force for sugar plantations
d. None of the above
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本題為閱讀理解題，根據文章判斷荷蘭人為何引進華人移民。
文章提到：「The lasting heritage of the Dutch is that they brought the first permanent Chinese settlement to Taiwan. As the Dutch expanded their influence over territory and needed labour for sugar plantations and other enterprises, they opened the island to Chinese settlement.」