115 年 國立臺灣大學健康行為與社區科學研究所碩士班《英文（B）》

Despite being excited by the opportunity, Lena felt about leaving her hometown and starting over in a new city.
(A) decisive
(B) ambivalent
(C) indifferent
(D) resolute

The government introduced tax incentives to the financial burden on small businesses.
(A) intensify
(B) complicate
(C) mitigate
(D) provoke

His casual attire seemed at the formal awards ceremony.
(A) harmonious
(B) conventional
(C) incongruous
(D) deliberate

The philosopher's early writings were so that even specialists struggled to interpret them.
(A) obscure
(B) transparent
(C) concise
(D) accessible

Faced with limited time and resources, the team adopted a(n) solution rather than an idealistic one.
(A) pragmatic
(B) speculative
(C) impulsive
(D) abstract

Her speech moved the audience and clarified a complex issue with remarkable grace.
(A) verbose
(B) restrained
(C) defensive
(D) eloquent

Wireless internet has become so that many people notice it only when it disappears.
(A) exclusive
(B) innovative
(C) ubiquitous
(D) intermittent

Aware of the political consequences, the minister gave a(n) response to the reporter's question.
(A) impulsive
(B) circumspect
(C) candid
(D) dramatic

The evidence supporting the theory was , relying on assumptions rather than solid data.
(A) tenuous
(B) compelling
(C) comprehensive
(D) definitive

Although Kevin's peers experimented with bold techniques, he still favored a(n) approach to design.
(A) radical
(B) experimental
(C) conventional
(D) unorthodox

Many modern scientific terms from ancient Greek.
(A) diverge
(B) derive
(C) deteriorate
(D) fluctuate

Before releasing the report, the committee agreed to every statistic carefully.
(A) overlook
(B) expedite
(C) scrutinize
(D) summarize

The researcher was unable to his claims without additional data.
(A) dismiss
(B) contradict
(C) substantiate
(D) speculate

It is that increased regulation can sometimes encourage innovation.
(A) predictable
(B) illogical
(C) simplistic
(D) paradoxical

After the layout change, the article was to a less prominent section of the website.
(A) promoted
(B) highlighted
(C) replenished
(D) relegated

David was caught between two friends and tried to by mediating between them.
(A) take sides
(B) keep the peace
(C) start a quarrel
(D) burn bridges

After a long week, Sara just wanted to _, relax, and forget about work.
(A) kick back
(B) stress out
(C) hit it off
(D) push through

Although the model initially appeared persuasive, closer inspection revealed that it depended on
which ultimately weakened its credibility.
(A) a rigorously tested evidentiary base
(B) a coherent explanatory structure
(C) loosely connected suppositions
(D) a comprehensive analytical design

The article's strength lies not in originality of data but in how effectively it earlier findings into a unified argument.
(A) selectively integrates
(B) openly challenges
(C) deliberately disregards
(D) superficially summarizes

To avoid committing the institution to a definitive stance, the statement was written in language that was _, allowing for interpretive flexibility.
(A) carefully noncommittal
(B) overtly confrontational
(C) unusually transparent
(D) explicitly prescriptive

Neither the professor nor the students ____ prepared for the unexpected power outage.
(A) was
(B) were
(C) have been
(D) has

Hardly ____ the research team completed the experiment when the funding was unexpectedly cut.
(A) has
(B) did
(C) had
(D) have

If the university administration had implemented the new policy earlier, student dissatisfaction ____ alleviated to a large extent.
(A) would have
(B) will be
(C) would be
(D) would have been

The professor insisted that every student ____ the assignment on time, regardless of circumstances.
(A) submit
(B) submits
(C) submitted
(D) submitting

She not only completed the analysis accurately but also ____ the report in a clear and concise manner.
(A) present
(B) presented
(C) presenting
(D) presents

Having studied multiple paradigms, the graduate student was confident in her ability to ____ complex theories.
(A) interpret
(B) interpreting
(C) interprets
(D) interpreted

____ will give a public lecture tonight.
(A) Dr. Y.-M. Chen a professor who teaches linguistics,
(B) Dr. Y.-M. Chen, a professor who teaches linguistics
(C) Prof. Y.-M. Chen who teaches linguistics,
(D) Prof. Y.-M. Chen, the professor who teaches linguistics,

The painting Mona Lisa ____ by the Italian artist Leonardo da Vinci in the 16th century, was once stolen from the Louvre Museum.
(A) which was created
(B) that was created
(C) , which was created
(D) , that was created

"Early reports suggested that the UN policy would reduce greenhouse gas emissions, yet subsequent studies revealed that its effects were negligible. To this, researchers argued that without stricter enforcement, the policy could not achieve its intended impact."

Question: The primary purpose of the underlined sentence is to:
(A) provide an example that supports the claim in the first sentence
(B) introduce a counterargument to the claim in the first sentence
(C) explain the background of the policy discussed in the first sentence
(D) summarize the overall conclusion of the studies

"The novelist frequently incorporates elements of magical realism into her work, blending the ordinary with the extraordinary. This technique allows her to explore complex social issues in a more imaginative and compelling way."

Question: The phrase "blending the ordinary with the extraordinary" is used primarily to:
(A) define the term "magical realism" in the context of the passage
(B) provide evidence that the novelist's work is imaginative
(C) contrast the author's style with that of other novelists
(D) summarize the main theme of the novelist's work

Passage A: Questions 31-35
(Adapted from "Life under Apartheid: Demeaning, Often Brutal" by Michael Pearson and Tom Cohen, CNN)
Though white Europeans had long ruled in South Africa, the formal system of apartheid came into existence after World War II. The country's National Party-led by the 31 of European settlers known as Afrikaners-ushered it into existence after sweeping into power on a campaign calling for stricter racial controls amid the heavy 32 of Blacks into South African cities.

31. (A) presidents
    (B) descendants
    (C) dissidents
    (D) confidants

...amid the heavy 32 of Blacks into South African cities.
(A) exodus
(B) recharge
(C) regime
(D) inflow

...culminating 33 laws dividing the population by race, reserving the best public facilities for whites and creating a separate, and 34, education system for blacks.
(A) with
(B) from
(C) into
(D) to

...and creating a separate, and 34, education system for blacks.
(A) prior
(B) anterior
(C) inferior
(D) posterior

One of the laws, the Group Areas Act, forced blacks, Indians, Asians, and people of mixed heritage to live in separate areas, sometimes dividing families. Blacks had to live in often barren tribal homelands or townships near cities, often in 35 areas. Whites got the best agricultural areas, the choicest city addresses.
(A) industrious pollution
(B) industrially polluting
(C) polluted industrial
(D) industriously polluted

Passage B: Questions 36-40
(Adapted from "Ozempic or Wegovy Can Be a Godsend, But Their Non-Medical Use Is Alarming" by Devi Sridhar, The Guardian)
Since anti-obesity drugs such as semaglutide (branded as Ozempic or Wegovy) have been 36_, they have gone from being niche medicines prescribed by doctors to treat people with type 2 diabetes, to widely as weight-loss tools.

36. (A) reprimanded
    (B) congested
    (C) depreciated
    (D) approved

...they have gone from being niche medicines prescribed by doctors to treat people with type 2 diabetes, to widely as weight-loss tools.
(A) to be used
(B) to being used
(C) to be using
(D) to used

This was 38 the monthly cost of the medicine, which is almost $1,000 for those without insurance.
(A) despite of
(B) in spite of
(C) in despite of
(D) in spite

Yet just like in the US, the sales of British online retailers including pharmacies and beauty companies have boomed, 39_ they have offered the weekly injection solution to those wanting to ____ excess weight, at prices as low as about £72 ($92) a month.
(A) hence
(B) although
(C) due to
(D) as

...they have offered the weekly injection solution to those wanting to 40 excess weight, at prices as low as about £72 ($92) a month.
(A) shiver
(B) shrink
(C) shun
(D) shed

Passage A: Questions 41-44
(Adapted from "Is Modern Food Making Us Sick?" by Idil Karsit, CNBC)
More than half of the calories consumed in an average household in the US or UK comes from ultra-processed foods (UPFs). Consumption is already high in the developed world and rapidly increasing in developing countries. However, recent scientific studies have linked eating UPF with serious health issues like diabetes, obesity, and even cancer. Although current studies cannot prove causation, experts believe reducing UPF in a diet is essential for overall well-being.
"Eating this stuff regularly, every single day, every meal, accumulating all these chemicals in our body, they make us overeat by 25%," said Tim Spector, a professor of epidemiology at King's College London and the co-founder of ZOE-a personalized nutrition app. "Most of the ultra-processed food that you find are higher in salt, fat and sugar. They are designed extremely tasty, they're ready to eat and they are aggressively marketed, especially to children", Dr. Kiara Chang of Imperial College London noted.
In the UK, where 1 in 4 people are obese, there are growing calls for the food industry and the government to act and offer healthier options to the population. The $128 billion British food and beverage industry is the largest manufacturing sector in the country, employing more than 400,000 people. "We are calling for food sector companies to report a set of health and sustainability metrics that would be on a mandatory basis," said Sophie Lawrence, who leads a group of investors called the Investor Coalition for Food Policy, managing assets worth$7 trillion. "We need to make sure that the government and businesses are acting to actually change the food environment people are living in," said Rebecca Tobi, senior business and investment manager at the Food Foundation.

Question: Which statement best captures the author's overall position on UPFs?
(A) UPF consumption has definitively been shown to cause multiple chronic diseases.
(B) UPF consumption is widespread and economically important, making regulation unrealistic.
(C) While causation has not been proven, the accumulating evidence and expert opinion justify efforts to reduce UPF consumption.
(D) The responsibility for reducing UPF consumption lies with individual consumer choice.

Question: How do the quotations from Spector and Chang function together in the passage?
(A) They present competing scientific explanations for the rise of obesity.
(B) They connect physiological effects of UPF with the way such foods are engineered and marketed.
(C) They contrast academic research with public health policy concerns.
(D) They shift the focus of the passage from health outcomes to economic interests.

Question: Based on the final two paragraphs, which of the following can most reasonably be inferred about proposed solutions to the UPF problem in the UK?
(A) Experts believe that voluntary changes by consumers will be sufficient.
(B) There is growing support for industry-level accountability enforced through government action.
(C) Investors oppose government regulation due to economic risks.
(D) The food industry has already implemented comprehensive health reforms.

Question: Why does the author include detailed figures about the size and employment impact of the British food and beverage industry?
(A) To argue that economic growth should take priority over public health concerns
(B) To explain why the food industry resists changes to its production practices
(C) To demonstrate that the food industry is more influential than the government
(D) To highlight the structural and political challenges involved in reforming the food system

Passage C: Questions 48-50
(Adapted from "Proposed Reproductive Rules Advanced" by Chia-yu Hou and Jake Chung, The Taipei Times)
Proposed amendments to the Assisted Reproduction Act advanced yesterday by the Executive Yuan would grant married lesbian couples and single women access to legal assisted reproductive services. The proposed revisions are "based on the fundamental principle of respecting women's reproductive autonomy," Cabinet spokesperson Michelle Lee quoted Vice Premier Li-chiun Cheng, who presided over a Cabinet meeting earlier yesterday, as saying at the briefing. The draft amendment would be submitted to the legislature for review.
The Ministry of Health and Welfare, which proposed the amendments, said that experts on children's rights, gender equality, law, and medicine attended cross-disciplinary meetings, adding that the draft amendment, first announced in July, underwent changes after feedback was submitted. The amendment would address assisted reproduction quality, expand licensing and authorization, and enforce regulatory compliance, enabling facilities to adapt management methodologies to evolving technology, it said.
All assisted reproduction facilities must implement policies to inform patients and obtain their agreement for all surgeries or invasive treatments, as well as enforcing regulations on the donation, preservation and use of sperm, oocytes and embryos, the proposed amendments say. All potential candidates for assisted reproduction must undergo assessment by central government-designated professional facilities regarding whether they would be adequate parents, they say.
The assessment is a required procedure for heterosexual and same-sex couples, as well as single women, said Yu-hsuan Lin, head of the Health Promotion Administration's (HPA) Women's and Children's Health Division. To avoid conflicts of interest, the assessment cannot be conducted by the facility and must be carried out by an independent, professional third party, Lin said, adding that the government is compiling a list of such agencies. Facilities providing assisted reproduction services must wait until the assessment is completed and approved before proceeding to help ensure that children would grow up in a stable, safe environment.
To balance privacy rights and the rights of children, those who are born from assisted reproduction procedures can apply to see the donor's blood type and nationality. If they require organ transplants due to hereditary disorders, the name and contact information of the donors can be obtained. With a donor's agreement, such people when they reach the age of majority-would also be able to access information about the donor that was provided voluntarily.

Question: What is the primary purpose of the proposed amendments to the Assisted Reproduction Act?
(A) To remove government oversight of assisted reproductive services.
(B) To expand legal access to assisted reproductive services while strengthening regulation.
(C) To prioritize children's rights over women's reproductive autonomy.
(D) To limit assisted reproductive services to married heterosexual couples.

Question: According to the passage, why are assessments by independent professional facilities required before assisted reproduction procedures can proceed?
(A) To reduce the cost of assisted reproduction services.
(B) To prevent assisted reproduction facilities from expanding too rapidly.
(C) To help ensure that children are raised in a stable and safe environment.
(D) To determine donors' eligibility to participate in reproductive programs.

Question: Under the proposed amendments, which of the following best describes the conditions under which individuals conceived through assisted reproduction may access donor information?
(A) They may freely access all donor details once they reach adulthood.
(B) They may access limited donor information, with additional details available only under specific circumstances.
(C) They may access donor identities only if the donor is deceased.
(D) They are prohibited from accessing any donor-related information.