114 年 國立清華大學科技管理研究所乙組《英文》

Taylor Swift's song "Fortnight" yanked a primarily British word meaning "a period of 14 days; two weeks" out of relative obscurity and into our frequent lookups. For over 700 years, fortnight has come from the Old English term feowertyne niht, "fourteen nights." Whether Swift's use of the term will lead to its broader ____ in American English remains to be seen.
(A) obscurity...adoption
(B) obesity...amend
(C) obscene...commend
(D) obstacle...vehicle
(E) oblivion...exile

The word polarization was widely used across the media landscape. Fox News reported that "Vance's debate answer on immigration crisis shows voter polarization." At the same time, MSNBC ____ that "The 2024 presidential election has left our country more polarized than ever." The word was also used to describe ____ beyond the U.S. election, as when Forbes warned that "cultural polarization is becoming a pressing challenge in workplaces."
(A) deserved...records
(B) observed...divides
(C) reserved...remains
(D) conserved...relics
(E) usurped...demands

In August, TikToker Jools Lebron posted the first of a series of videos with a catchphrase that went ____. "You see how I do my makeup for work?" she asked. "Very demure, very mindful." The phrase "very demure, very mindful" became a meme, and demure ____ with TikTokers and others posting about it and brands eagerly trying it.
(A) foul...linked
(B) blemish...sank
(C) viral...surged
(D) fowl...surrendered
(E) veracious...surf

Pander ____ in lookups starting in mid-October, when both sides in the presidential election used it to mock the other. Conservative news outlets ____ Vice President Kamala Harris of pandering to different groups, including young voters, Black voters, and supporters of gun rights. In an appearance on The View, Tim Walz said that Donald Trump's visit to the kitchen of a fast-food restaurant showed that he would "pander and disrespect McDonald's workers."
(A) spoiled...fond
(B) spilled...accommodated
(C) spiked...accused
(D) spined...facade
(E) swindled...rescued

Resonate boosted in lookups following news about how much the word appeals to the most prolific contemporary writers: ChatGPT. Resonate (explore, captivate, and tapestry) was ____ as a ChatGPT fave. Defined in part as "to affect or appeal to someone in a personal or emotional way," the word also ____ frequently in news stories about political positions and issues resonating with voters.
(A) isolated...apprehend
(B) impressive...comprehend
(C) indented...contented
(D) identified...appeared
(E) insolated...reprimand

Whilst dynamic pricing is not new, this year has seen a heightened awareness of and controversy over—its use. In some high-profile cases, dynamic pricing was used to set prices for concert tickets, resulting in fans (often reluctantly) paying very high prices to see their favorite artists. In some cases, fans were in a virtual ____ for hours before realizing how much they would be asked to pay, leading to questions about the ____ of dynamic pricing practices and value for money.
(A) quaint...venue
(B) queue...transparency
(C) queen...tranquility
(D) quilt...levity
(E) queer...legitimacy

When famous performers, star athletes, and influential entrepreneurs ____ they have achieved something because they manifested it, they are using this very in a more recent sense: to use specific practices to focus your mind on something you want, to try to make it become a reality. This sense of manifest has gained in popularity with the increasing number of "manifesting influencers" ____ this scientifically unproven practice on social media—so much so that it was added to the Cambridge Dictionary in May of 2023.
(A) claim...promoting
(B) clam...pronouncing
(C) reclaim...punctuating
(D) blame...pampering
(E) bang...pamphlet

Brat was everywhere in the summer of 2024. Inspired by the Charli XCX album, brat has newly been defined as characterized by a confident, independent, and hedonistic attitude. A brat used to be referred to as a child who misbehaves and doesn't conform to social expectations for behavior. However, although using this term as an adjective (Charlie XCX called Kamala Harris ____, not a brat) is linguistically interesting, ____ a negative term to use it positively is not an uncommon way we use language. More than a hugely successful album, brat is a cultural phenomenon that has resonated with people globally.
(A) flickering...deadly
(B) flipping...defiantly
(C) flown...lethally
(D) flew...dreadfully
(E) float...decisively

The first recorded use of 'brain rot' was found in 1854 in Henry David Thoreau's book Walden, which reports his experiences living a simple lifestyle in the natural world. As part of his conclusions, Thoreau criticizes society's tendency to ____ complex ideas or ____ those that can be interpreted in multiple ways, in favor of simple ones, and sees this as indicative of a general decline in the mental and intellectual effort: "While England endeavors to cure the potato rot, will not any endeavor to cure the brain-rot - which ____ so much more widely and fatally?"
(A) demonstrate...veils
(B) delete...fails
(C) devalue...prevails
(D) appreciate...profound
(E) applaud...routines

In April, the moon generated ____ excitement when it passed before the sun and cast a ____ narrow shadow across 13 U.S. states, briefly turning day into night. The experiencing totality, "the phase of an eclipse during which it is total; the state of total eclipse," inspired much travel and commentary and introduced many to a less common meaning of a word that rarely piques interest.
(A) astronomical...allure
(B) astrological...deceive
(C) asterisk...deluxe
(D) celestial...deluge
(E) celebrity...divergent

CHASTISE
(A) Compliment
(B) Punish
(C) Censure
(D) Flog
(E) berate

VICTUALS
(A) aliment
(B) inedible
(C) chow
(D) nourishment
(E) refreshments

TENACIOUS
(A) staunch
(B) determined
(C) irresolute
(D) forceful
(E) persistent

LENIENT
(A) sympathetic
(B) benign
(C) compliant
(D) hateful
(E) compassionate

FEIGN
(A) assume
(B) bluff
(C) counterfeit
(D) dissimulate
(E) be honest

INCANDESCENT
(A) luminous
(B) radiant
(C) shining
(D) dump
(E) gloomy

APPROBATION
(A) approval
(B) balls
(C) consent
(D) denial
(E) recognition

HEINOUS
(A) abominable
(B) hideous
(C) delightful
(D) infamous
(E) vicious

DETER
(A) avert
(B) advance
(C) block
(D) hinder
(E) impede

FRATERNIZE
(A) ignore
(B) hobnob
(C) consort with
(D) hang out with
(E) keep company with

RENDEZVOUS
(A) meet
(B) disperse
(C) scatter
(D) disperse
(E) segregate

TESTIMONIAL
(A) censure
(B) contradiction
(C) endorsement
(D) disapproval
(E) criticism

AMBIENT
(A) discrete
(B) isolated
(C) separate
(D) peripheral
(E) detached

BEATIFIC
(A) aggrieved
(B) cheerful
(C) melancholy
(D) depressed
(E) abject

REQUITE
(A) absolve
(B) excuse
(C) pardon
(D) remit
(E) avenge

POSTERITY
(A) ancestor
(B) offspring
(C) antecedent
(D) progenitor
(E) forebear

BERATE
(A) approve
(B) indorse
(C) scold
(D) sanction
(E) extol

EXORBITANT
(A) excessive
(B) reasonable
(C) moderate
(D) inadequate
(E) insufficient

ADVERSARY
(A) sympathetic
(B) hostile
(C) pleasant
(D) hospitable
(E) gracious

FUGACIOUS
(A) ephemeral
(B) permanent
(C) immortal
(D) perpetual
(E) eternal

Shortly after a Chinese company opened up nearby, Malaysian contract manufacturer Kemikon employees walked outside their factory to find sheets of paper stuck to their car windshields.
The flyers were from Fengshi Metal Technology, a Suzhou-based rival in similar semiconductor equipment manufacturing areas. They promised salaries 30 percent above the market rate and other "unique opportunities," including overseas travel and free meals.
Fengshi is one of dozens of companies setting up or expanding in Penang - a state in northern Malaysia better known for its beaches, varied cuisine, and laid-back atmosphere - in the past 18 months. Others include American chip giants Micron and Intel and European semiconductor companies AMS Osram and Infineon.
As companies worldwide look for a back-up to China to protect themselves from geopolitical disruptions a strategy known as China plus one - Malaysia is becoming a surprise investment destination.
It has a 50-year history in the "back end" of the semiconductor manufacturing supply chain: packaging, assembling, and testing chips. However, it has ambitions to move up to the front end of a $520bn global industry that powers everything from televisions to smartphones and electric vehicles. That includes higher-value activities such as wafer fabrication and integrated circuit design.
The broadening US curbs on Chinese technology, especially for chipmaking, are a key reason for neutral Malaysia's appeal, say industry groups. America is jostling with China for global technology supremacy. It has enlisted support from allies in Europe and Asia as it restricts sales of the most advanced chips and manufacturing equipment to its geopolitical rival.

What is the possible title of this article?
(A) Malaysia: the Surprise Winner from US-China Chip Wars
(B) Foreign Investment Pours into Penang, Malaysia
(C) America is Jostling with China for Global Technology Supremacy
(D) Malaysia Led the World in US Chip Imports Last Year
(E) Fengshi Metal Technology and Kemikon Employees

That's the finding of a new working paper published by the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, where researchers created predictive models of schools' financial distress using metrics like enrollment and staffing patterns, sources of revenue, and liquidity data. They overlayed those models with simulations to estimate the likely increase of future closures.
Under the worst-case scenario, which assumes a one-time 15% drop in prospective students known as the "demographic cliff" 80 additional colleges would shut, impacting more than 100,000 students and 20,880 staff members. The report shows that if that student decline were spread out over five years, annual closures would tick up by 4.6 schools.
"These simulations point to the precarious potential situation facing postsecondary education in the coming years, especially if the demographic cliff materializes in a moderate to severe fashion," according to the report authored by Robert Kelchen, a professor at the University of Tennessee and a visiting scholar at the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, along with Dubravka Ritter and Douglas Webber, Fed researchers.
"While some of these estimated increases might seem small at the national level, they would be significant for the handful of localities predicted to experience college closures in a given year," the report said.
Higher education has come under pressure in the last several years as the number of prospective college students falls due to the decline in the birthrate during the Great Recession. On top of that, many students weigh the value of a traditional college degree as tuition prices climb and student debt saddles a generation of attendees. Further, students who needed to borrow from the US government to cover college tuition this fall faced the highest borrowing costs in more than 15 years.
The number of students enrolled in degree-granting colleges and universities fell by 15% in 2021 compared to 2010. The researchers said the effects of the so-called demographic cliff are amplified by low graduation rates and a shrinking share of high schoolers enrolling in college immediately after graduating.

According to the contextual clues, the repetitive phrase demographic cliff in the body paragraphs is used to describe the ____.
(A) ripple effects on training capacity and local economies.
(B) decline in the number of traditional-age college students.
(C) value of a traditional college degree as tuition climbs.
(D) student debt that saddles a generation of attendees.
(E) complexity of the financial structures and limits on data availability.

That's the finding of a new working paper published by the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, where researchers created predictive models of schools' financial distress using metrics like enrollment and staffing patterns, sources of revenue, and liquidity data. They overlayed those models with simulations to estimate the likely increase of future closures.
Under the worst-case scenario, which assumes a one-time 15% drop in prospective students known as the "demographic cliff" 80 additional colleges would shut, impacting more than 100,000 students and 20,880 staff members. The report shows that if that student decline were spread out over five years, annual closures would tick up by 4.6 schools.
"These simulations point to the precarious potential situation facing postsecondary education in the coming years, especially if the demographic cliff materializes in a moderate to severe fashion," according to the report authored by Robert Kelchen, a professor at the University of Tennessee and a visiting scholar at the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, along with Dubravka Ritter and Douglas Webber, Fed researchers.
"While some of these estimated increases might seem small at the national level, they would be significant for the handful of localities predicted to experience college closures in a given year," the report said.
Higher education has come under pressure in the last several years as the number of prospective college students falls due to the decline in the birthrate during the Great Recession. On top of that, many students weigh the value of a traditional college degree as tuition prices climb and student debt saddles a generation of attendees. Further, students who needed to borrow from the US government to cover college tuition this fall faced the highest borrowing costs in more than 15 years.
The number of students enrolled in degree-granting colleges and universities fell by 15% in 2021 compared to 2010. The researchers said the effects of the so-called demographic cliff are amplified by low graduation rates and a shrinking share of high schoolers enrolling in college immediately after graduating.

The primary purpose of the above article is to ____.
(A) scratch a potential solution to the crisis.
(B) do a historical survey of the previous records.
(C) declare the importance of estimating the likely increase of future closures.
(D) deliver a hidden story behind the scenes.
(E) provide proof of the current situation.

That's the finding of a new working paper published by the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, where researchers created predictive models of schools' financial distress using metrics like enrollment and staffing patterns, sources of revenue, and liquidity data. They overlayed those models with simulations to estimate the likely increase of future closures.
Under the worst-case scenario, which assumes a one-time 15% drop in prospective students known as the "demographic cliff" 80 additional colleges would shut, impacting more than 100,000 students and 20,880 staff members. The report shows that if that student decline were spread out over five years, annual closures would tick up by 4.6 schools.
"These simulations point to the precarious potential situation facing postsecondary education in the coming years, especially if the demographic cliff materializes in a moderate to severe fashion," according to the report authored by Robert Kelchen, a professor at the University of Tennessee and a visiting scholar at the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, along with Dubravka Ritter and Douglas Webber, Fed researchers.
"While some of these estimated increases might seem small at the national level, they would be significant for the handful of localities predicted to experience college closures in a given year," the report said.
Higher education has come under pressure in the last several years as the number of prospective college students falls due to the decline in the birthrate during the Great Recession. On top of that, many students weigh the value of a traditional college degree as tuition prices climb and student debt saddles a generation of attendees. Further, students who needed to borrow from the US government to cover college tuition this fall faced the highest borrowing costs in more than 15 years.
The number of students enrolled in degree-granting colleges and universities fell by 15% in 2021 compared to 2010. The researchers said the effects of the so-called demographic cliff are amplified by low graduation rates and a shrinking share of high schoolers enrolling in college immediately after graduating.

According to the above information, which of the following statements is not substantial?
(A) The sheer number of students could impact local economies.
(B) A rise in college closures is expected.
(C) Predicting college closures is difficult.
(D) The poor birthrate during the Great Recession is the sole reason for student decline.
(E) A shrinking share of high schoolers enrolling in college right after graduating is a partial reason for the demographic cliff.

The classic American mall is undergoing a dramatic transformation as real estate developers swap out dying department stores for apartments, ushering in an era where living at the mall could soon become a new norm.
Some U.S. developers are knocking down department stores like Macy's or JCPenney and using the spaces and their parking lots to put up apartment buildings next to the mall or connected to it via walkways and green spaces. In other cases, they've built apartments inside shuttered storefronts and other shopping center properties or gutted them all together to create a mix of housing, retail, restaurants, outdoor spaces, and experiences.
"The mall is becoming cool again," said Jacob Knudsen, the vice president of development for Macerich, which is currently redeveloping the FlatIron Crossing Mall in Broomfield, Colorado, to add housing. "So being able to live by it, work by it, play by it, go to restaurants by it, we're seeing this as a trend."
This new version of the American mall comes as shopping centers nationwide fight for survival and look to transformation to avoid extinction. It's clear that consumers still enjoy shopping in person after the COVID-19 pandemic, but the traditional anchor department store has declined since 2001 and is no longer the draw it once was.
As companies like Macy's, JCPenney, and Sears shrink or cease to exist, real estate developers have been forced to get creative to repurpose those spaces, which typically take up at least half of a mall's footprint.
Amazon distribution centers, pickleball courts, and even an NHL training facility have all replaced big-box stores at American malls. However, as the country contends with a housing crisis, real estate developers said the fastest-growing use of these spaces is in apartment complexes. As of January 2022, at least 192 U.S. malls planned to add housing to their footprint, and at least 33 had constructed apartments since the pandemic began, according to Realogic, a real estate consulting firm. At least a dozen more apartment projects are underway at malls nationwide, including in California, Florida, Arizona, and Texas.

According to the above information, which of the following statements is correct?
(A) More people are living at American malls as real estate developers knock down department stores and construct apartment buildings in their place.
(B) At least 192 U.S. malls planned to add housing to their footprint as of January 2022, and at least 33 had constructed apartments since the pandemic began.
(C) More apartment projects are underway in California, Florida, Arizona, and Texas.
(D) The trend not only helps to chip away at the housing shortage in the U.S. but also brings people closer to the remaining retail and restaurant spaces in shopping centers.
(E) All of the above.

The classic American mall is undergoing a dramatic transformation as real estate developers swap out dying department stores for apartments, ushering in an era where living at the mall could soon become a new norm.
Some U.S. developers are knocking down department stores like Macy's or JCPenney and using the spaces and their parking lots to put up apartment buildings next to the mall or connected to it via walkways and green spaces. In other cases, they've built apartments inside shuttered storefronts and other shopping center properties or gutted them all together to create a mix of housing, retail, restaurants, outdoor spaces, and experiences.
"The mall is becoming cool again," said Jacob Knudsen, the vice president of development for Macerich, which is currently redeveloping the FlatIron Crossing Mall in Broomfield, Colorado, to add housing. "So being able to live by it, work by it, play by it, go to restaurants by it, we're seeing this as a trend."
This new version of the American mall comes as shopping centers nationwide fight for survival and look to transformation to avoid extinction. It's clear that consumers still enjoy shopping in person after the COVID-19 pandemic, but the traditional anchor department store has declined since 2001 and is no longer the draw it once was.
As companies like Macy's, JCPenney, and Sears shrink or cease to exist, real estate developers have been forced to get creative to repurpose those spaces, which typically take up at least half of a mall's footprint.
Amazon distribution centers, pickleball courts, and even an NHL training facility have all replaced big-box stores at American malls. However, as the country contends with a housing crisis, real estate developers said the fastest-growing use of these spaces is in apartment complexes. As of January 2022, at least 192 U.S. malls planned to add housing to their footprint, and at least 33 had constructed apartments since the pandemic began, according to Realogic, a real estate consulting firm. At least a dozen more apartment projects are underway at malls nationwide, including in California, Florida, Arizona, and Texas.

According to the article, more Americans live in malls as developers get creative to help ease the housing crisis. The malls mentioned above to be exemplified include all but ____.
(A) Amazon
(B) Macy's
(C) JCPenney
(D) Sears
(E) FlatIron Crossing

The classic American mall is undergoing a dramatic transformation as real estate developers swap out dying department stores for apartments, ushering in an era where living at the mall could soon become a new norm.
Some U.S. developers are knocking down department stores like Macy's or JCPenney and using the spaces and their parking lots to put up apartment buildings next to the mall or connected to it via walkways and green spaces. In other cases, they've built apartments inside shuttered storefronts and other shopping center properties or gutted them all together to create a mix of housing, retail, restaurants, outdoor spaces, and experiences.
"The mall is becoming cool again," said Jacob Knudsen, the vice president of development for Macerich, which is currently redeveloping the FlatIron Crossing Mall in Broomfield, Colorado, to add housing. "So being able to live by it, work by it, play by it, go to restaurants by it, we're seeing this as a trend."
This new version of the American mall comes as shopping centers nationwide fight for survival and look to transformation to avoid extinction. It's clear that consumers still enjoy shopping in person after the COVID-19 pandemic, but the traditional anchor department store has declined since 2001 and is no longer the draw it once was.
As companies like Macy's, JCPenney, and Sears shrink or cease to exist, real estate developers have been forced to get creative to repurpose those spaces, which typically take up at least half of a mall's footprint.
Amazon distribution centers, pickleball courts, and even an NHL training facility have all replaced big-box stores at American malls. However, as the country contends with a housing crisis, real estate developers said the fastest-growing use of these spaces is in apartment complexes. As of January 2022, at least 192 U.S. malls planned to add housing to their footprint, and at least 33 had constructed apartments since the pandemic began, according to Realogic, a real estate consulting firm. At least a dozen more apartment projects are underway at malls nationwide, including in California, Florida, Arizona, and Texas.

According to the report above, which statement is wrong?
(A) Consumers stop shopping in person after the COVID-19 pandemic.
(B) The traditional anchor department store has declined since 2001.
(C) To get creative in repurposing shopping malls is to avoid their extinction.
(D) Realogic is a real estate consulting firm.
(E) U.S. developers build apartments inside shuttered storefronts and other shopping center properties to create a mix of housing, retail, restaurants, outdoor spaces, and experiences.