108 年 國立中山大學醫學科技研究所碩士班《英文》
第 1 題
New computer technology has ____ changed the way Hollywood movies are made.
(A) sincerely
(B) dramatically
(C) idly
(D) greedily
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
本題考查副詞修飾動詞的用法。題目敘述「新的電腦科技____改變了好萊塢電影的製作方式」,需要一個副詞來修飾動詞 "changed"。
選項分析:
(A) sincerely (真誠地):語意不符,科技的改變通常不是用「真誠地」來形容。
第 2 題
____ many desirable qualities which make it a commercially very useful metal.
(A) Aluminum has
(B) That aluminum has
(C) Aluminum having
(D) Aluminum to have
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
本題考查句子的主詞結構。題目需要一個完整的句子結構,其中包含主詞和動詞,以描述鋁的特性。
選項分析:
(A) Aluminum has:這是一個完整的子句,"Aluminum" 是主詞,"has" 是動詞,後面接受詞 "many desirable qualities"。這可以作為一個獨立的句子。
(B) That aluminum has:這是一個名詞子句,可以用作其他句子的主詞或受詞,但本身不能獨立成句。
第 3 題
Construction of the new highway system ____ completed on time if more workers had been hired.
(A) needs to be
(B) would have been
(C) will be
(D) should have
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
本題考查假設語氣,特別是與過去事實相反的假設。句子的後半部 "if more workers had been hired" 是一個與過去事實相反的假設條件句 (Type 3 Conditional)。
假設語氣的結構:
- If + Subject + Past Perfect (had + V3), Subject + would have + V3. (與過去事實相反)
- If + Subject + Simple Past, Subject + would + V. (與現在事實相反)
- If + Subject + Simple Present, Subject + will + V. (與未來事實相反)
第 4 題
Defensive drivers ____ their driving mirrors frequently so that they know at all times if there are other vehicles or people nearby.
(A) see to
(B) look in
(C) check into
(D) watch out
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
本題考查動詞片語的用法。題目描述「防禦性駕駛者會____他們的後照鏡,以便隨時知道附近是否有其他車輛或行人。」需要一個動詞片語來表示「檢查」或「查看」後照鏡的動作。
選項分析:
(A) see to:意思是「處理」、「負責」、「設法做到」。例如:Please see to it that the work is done. (請設法確保工作完成。) 語意不符。
(B) look in:通常指「拜訪」、「順道看看」或「在...裡面看」。例如:I'll look in on you tomorrow. (我明天會去看看你。) 或 Look in the box. (看看箱子裡)。用於後照鏡,更常用 "look in the mirror"。
第 5 題
Flight 305 ____ depart at 3:30 p.m. but was cancelled because of a mechanical problem in one of the engines.
(A) was supposed to
(B) ought to
(C) is assumed to
(D) might have to
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
本題考查情態動詞及相關片語的用法,用於表達過去的計畫或預期,但該計畫或預期並未實現。
題目敘述「305 號班機____於下午 3:30 起飛,但因引擎機械問題而被取消。」這表示飛機原本預計要起飛,但後來取消了。
選項分析:
(A) was supposed to:表示「本來應該」、「原定要」,用於描述過去的計畫、責任或預期,但實際上並未發生。這與題目的情境完全吻合。
第 6 題
If a typist wishes to type rapidly, he ____ develop a rhythmic movement of his fingers.
(A) used
(B) would
(C) must
(D) had to
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
本題考查情態動詞和假設語氣的應用。題目描述「如果一個打字員希望快速打字,他____發展出手指的節奏性運動。」這句話描述的是一種條件下的必要性或能力。
選項分析:
(A) used:表示過去的習慣或狀態,與 "If...wishes" 所引導的假設語氣不符。
(B) would:通常用於與現在或未來事實相反的假設語氣,或表示意願。在此處,"would develop" 可以表示「會發展出」,符合假設語氣的邏輯,但相較於 "must","must" 更強調一種必要性。
第 7 題
We cannot process the order ____ we get a copy of the purchase order.
(A) because
(B) that
(C) until
(D) when
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
本題考查連接詞的用法,用於連接兩個子句,表達時間或條件關係。題目描述「我們無法處理訂單____我們拿到採購訂單的副本。」這裡表達的是一種時間上的依賴關係,必須等到拿到副本後才能處理訂單。
選項分析:
(A) because:表示原因,語意不符。不能說「因為我們拿到副本,所以我們無法處理訂單」。
(B) that:通常用於名詞子句或關係子句,在此處不適用。
第 8 題
Please use the ____ envelop for your reply.
(A) is enclosed
(B) enclose
(C) enclosing
(D) enclosed
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
本題考查分詞作為形容詞的用法。題目需要一個詞來修飾名詞 "envelop" (信封),描述信封的狀態或性質。
選項分析:
(A) is enclosed:這是動詞的被動語態,不能直接放在名詞前面作形容詞。
(B) enclose:這是動詞原形,不能直接放在名詞前面作形容詞。
(C) enclosing:這是現在分詞,通常表示主動的動作或正在進行的動作。例如:an enclosing wall (圍牆)。
第 9 題
Mrs. Roarke, who could not give the presentation on marketing techniques scheduled on March 6th, called to offer an ____ time for her presentation.
(A) advantage
(B) appealing
(C) allusive
(D) alternative
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
本題考查名詞或形容詞的語意辨析。題目描述「Roarke 小姐,她無法進行原定於 3 月 6 日的市場行銷技巧簡報,於是打電話來提供一個____的時間,以便進行她的簡報。」這裡需要一個詞來描述她提供的「時間」,這個時間是為了彌補之前無法進行簡報而另外安排的。
第 10 題
FAX, the abbreviation for facsimile machine, was invented in 1901, but until recently ____ mainly for transmitting newspaper photographs and weather maps.
(A) which was used
(B) were used
(C) using
(D) used
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
本題考查關係子句的省略和動詞時態。題目描述「FAX,即傳真機的縮寫,發明於 1901 年,但直到最近才主要____用於傳送報紙照片和天氣圖。」這是一個時間較長的過去習慣或用途。
句子結構分析:
"FAX, the abbreviation for facsimile machine, was invented in 1901" 是主句。
"but until recently ____ mainly for transmitting newspaper photographs and weather maps" 是描述 FAX 的用途。
選項分析:
(A) which was used:如果加上 "which",則成為一個關係子句,修飾 "FAX"。
第 11 題
The mayor wants the meeting ____ immediately.
(A) to arrange
(B) arranged
(C) will arrange
(D) arranging
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
本題考查動詞 "want" 後接不定詞或動名詞的用法,以及被動語態的構成。題目描述「市長希望會議____立即進行。」這裡的「會議」是被安排的對象,而不是安排者,所以需要被動語態。
動詞 "want" 後接的結構:
- want + to + V (主動):表示主詞想要去做某事。例如:I want to go.
- want + O + to + V (主動):表示主詞希望某人去做某事。例如:I want you to go.
- want + O + V-ed (被動):表示主詞希望某事被完成。例如:I want the car repaired. (我希望車子被修好。)
第 12 題
The customer service representatives ____ at the receptionist desk for product introduction.
(A) always are available
(B) are always available
(C) are available always
(D) being always available
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
本題考查副詞 "always" 的位置以及形容詞 "available" 的用法。題目描述「客服代表____在大廳接待處提供產品介紹。」這裡需要描述客服代表的狀態或可用性。
副詞 "always" 的位置:
通常,頻率副詞 (如 always, usually, often, sometimes, never) 放在 be 動詞之後,實意動詞之前。
選項分析:
(A) always are available:副詞 "always" 放在 be 動詞 "are" 之前,但 "are" 又是 be 動詞,所以 "always" 應該放在 "are" 之後。
第 13 題
Even though most people are not familiar with the details of Christopher Columbus's adventures, he is often attributed to be the discoverer of America.
(A) nautical
(B) cruising
(C) pilgrimaging
(D) astronomical
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
本題考查形容詞的語意辨析,用於修飾 "adventures" (冒險)。題目描述「儘管大多數人對克里斯多福·哥倫布的____冒險細節不熟悉,但他常被歸功為美洲的發現者。」需要一個形容詞來描述哥倫布的冒險性質。
第 14 題
Social networking tools, like Facebook and Twitter, have permanently ____ the way people interact with each other.
(A) regenerated
(B) reverberated
(C) reconfigured
(D) refined
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
本題考查動詞的語意辨析。題目描述「社交網絡工具,如 Facebook 和 Twitter,永久地____了人們彼此互動的方式。」需要一個動詞來描述社交媒體對人際互動方式的影響。
選項分析:
(A) regenerated (再生,重造):表示重新產生或恢復。語意不符,社交媒體並非讓互動方式「再生」。
(B) reverberated (迴響,產生回聲):表示聲音的回聲或影響的擴散。
第 15 題
The reviewer's criticism caused the musical to flop miserably at the box offices.
(A) eulogistic
(B) insouciant
(C) caustic
(D) nonchalant
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
本題考查形容詞的語意辨析。題目描述「評論家的____批評導致該音樂劇在票房上慘敗。」需要一個形容詞來描述評論家對音樂劇的批評。
選項分析:
(A) eulogistic (頌揚的,讚美的):表示高度讚美的。與「批評」和「慘敗」的語意相反。
(B) insouciant (不在乎的,漫不經心的):表示不關心、輕鬆的態度。
第 16 題
The ____ at the museum is a world-renowned scholar whose research involves exploring stone ruins to learn about the peoples who lived in them.
(A) warden
(B) skipper
(C) curator
(D) steward
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
本題考查名詞的語意辨析。題目描述「博物館裡的____是一位世界知名的學者,他的研究涉及探索石頭廢墟,以了解居住在那裡的人們。」需要一個詞來描述博物館裡負責研究或管理展品的學者。
選項分析:
(A) warden (警衛,管理員):通常指監獄、學校或建築物的管理員,職責偏向安全和秩序。
第 17 題
Undernutrition can lead to extreme weight loss, ____ growth, and weakened resistance to infection.
(A) stunted
(B) wary
(C) withheld
(D) radial
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
本題考查形容詞的語意辨析,用於修飾 "growth" (生長)。題目描述「營養不良會導致體重嚴重減輕、____生長,以及抵抗感染的能力減弱。」需要一個形容詞來描述因營養不良而受影響的生長情況。
第 18 題
A deer was rescued by wildlife workers after getting ____ on an icy lake.
(A) seducing
(B) stranded
(C) disposable
(D) immense
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
本題考查形容詞的語意辨析。題目描述「一隻鹿在冰湖上____後,被野生動物工作者救起。」需要一個詞來描述鹿在冰湖上的狀態,這種狀態導致牠需要被救援。
選項分析:
(A) seducing (誘惑的):表示吸引人的,有誘惑力的。與鹿在冰湖上的處境無關。
(B) stranded (滯留的,擱淺的):表示處於困境中,無法移動或脫離。例如:stranded on an island。
第 1 題8 分
Medical technology, or "medtech", encompasses a wide range of healthcare products and is used to treat diseases and medical conditions affecting humans. Such technologies are intended to improve the quality of healthcare delivered through earlier diagnosis, less invasive treatment options and reduction in hospital stays and rehabilitation times.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
此題為翻譯題,要求將英文段落翻譯成中文。
原文分析:
- "encompasses a wide range of healthcare products": 涵蓋廣泛的醫療保健產品。
- "used to treat diseases and medical conditions affecting humans": 用於治療影響人類的疾病和醫療狀況。
- "Such technologies are intended to improve the quality of healthcare": 這些技術旨在提高醫療保健的品質。
第 2 題10 分
Diabetes mellitus, one of the most challenging chronic diseases, currently affects over 387 million people worldwide and this number is estimated to increase to around 500 million by 2030. Providing lifelong exogenous insulin is essential for the treatment of type-1 diabetes. However, there was an estimated 4.9 million diabetes related deaths worldwide in 2014. A key constraint of the traditional insulin injection lies in inadequate glycemic control, which leads to diabetes complications, such as blindness, limb amputation and kidney failure. Conversely, overtreatment with insulin causes hypoglycemia, which can lead to behavioral and cognitive disturbance, seizure, brain damage, or death.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
此題為翻譯題,要求將英文段落翻譯成中文。
原文分析:
- "Diabetes mellitus, one of the most challenging chronic diseases": 糖尿病,最嚴峻的慢性疾病之一。
- "currently affects over 387 million people worldwide and this number is estimated to increase to around 500 million by 2030": 目前影響全球超過 3.87 億人,預計到 2030 年此數字將增加到約 5 億人。
- "Providing lifelong exogenous insulin is essential for the treatment of type-1 diabetes": 提供終身外源性胰島素對第一型糖尿病的治療至關重要。
- "However, there was an estimated 4.9 million diabetes related deaths worldwide in 2014": 然而,2014 年全球估計有 490 萬人死於糖尿病相關疾病。
- "A key constraint of the traditional insulin injection lies in inadequate glycemic control": 傳統胰島素注射的關鍵限制在於血糖控制不足。
第 3 題10 分
Chemotherapeutic agents have been shown to be effective against in vivo solid tumors. Poor clinical outcomes and off-target cytotoxicity are presumably the results of challenges inherent in tumor-drug delivery via systemic administration. Among the various chemotherapeutic agents, doxorubicin (DOX) is a type of chemotherapy drug that is also known as an anthracycline. Furthermore, DOX slows or stops the growth of cancer cells, and its mechanism is associated with the inhabitation of topoisomerase II, which cancer cells need to divide and grow. However, a number of improvements are sought in order to more broadly develop chemotherapy. A particular challenge is how to systemically administer chemotherapy and overcome limitations in off-targets, as well as side effects such as cardiotoxicity and drug resistance.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
此題為翻譯題,要求將英文段落翻譯成中文。
原文分析:
- "Chemotherapeutic agents have been shown to be effective against in vivo solid tumors": 化療藥劑已被證明對體內實體腫瘤有效。
- "Poor clinical outcomes and off-target cytotoxicity are presumably the results of challenges inherent in tumor-drug delivery via systemic administration": 不佳的臨床療效和脫靶細胞毒性,據推測是腫瘤藥物經全身給藥所面臨的固有挑戰所致。
- "Among the various chemotherapeutic agents, doxorubicin (DOX) is a type of chemotherapy drug that is also known as an anthracycline": 在各種化療藥劑中,多柔比星 (DOX) 是一種也稱為蒽環類藥物的化療藥物。
- "Furthermore, DOX slows or stops the growth of cancer cells, and its mechanism is associated with the inhabitation of topoisomerase II, which cancer cells need to divide and grow": 此外,DOX 會減緩或停止癌細胞的生長,其機制與抑制拓撲異構酶 II (topoisomerase II) 有關,而癌細胞需要拓撲異構酶 II 來分裂和生長。