108 年 國立政治大學碩士班共同科目《英文》
第 1 題
- Many people doing extra jobs outside their regular jobs to ____ their incomes.
(A) supplement
(B) restrict
(C) presume
(D) intervene
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這題考驗考生對 "supplement" 這個單字的理解。題目描述許多人為了增加收入而做額外的兼職工作。
- (A) supplement: 補充，增加。符合題意，表示增加收入。
第 2 題
- An independent advisor has been brought in to ____ between the unions and the employers.
(A) legislate
(B) conciliate
(C) participate
(D) subordinate
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這題考驗考生對 "conciliate" 這個單字的理解。題目描述請來一位獨立的顧問，目的是在工會和雇主之間進行協調。
- (A) legislate: 立法。與工會和雇主之間的協調無關。
- (B) conciliate: 調解，安撫。
第 3 題
- They are assigned to a parking lot ____ to the stadium and are allowed its use free of charge.
(A) consequent
(B) adjacent
(C) ultimate
(D) dominant
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這題考驗考生對 "adjacent" 這個單字的理解。題目描述他們被分配到一個靠近體育場的停車場，並且可以免費使用。
- (A) consequent: 結果，隨之而來的。語意不符。
第 4 題
- Our new supervisor wants us to take the ____ in trying to solve the problem.
(A) compliment
(B) empiricism
(C) practitioner
(D) initiative
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這題考驗考生對 "initiative" 這個單字的理解。題目描述新主管希望我們在解決問題時採取主動。
- (A) compliment: 讚美。語意不符。
- (B) empiricism: 經驗主義。與解決問題的行動無關。
第 5 題
- Minerals can be absorbed and ____ by the body in a variety of different forms.
(A) utilized
(B) assessed
(C) inferred
(D) distorted
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這題考驗考生對 "utilized" 這個單字的理解。題目描述礦物質可以被身體吸收並利用，形式多樣。
- (A) utilized: 利用，使用。符合題意，表示身體能夠利用礦物質。
第 6 題
- To ease financial difficulties, farmers could be ____ for their loss of subsidies.
(A) diminished
(B) exploited
(C) compensated
(D) simulated
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這題考驗考生對 "compensated" 這個單字的理解。題目描述為了減輕財務困難，農民可以因為補貼的損失而獲得賠償。
- (A) diminished: 減少，減弱。語意不符。
第 7 題
- Mary's job will be kept open for her return after ____ leave.
(A) successor
(B) maternity
(C) conceivable
(D) external
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這題考驗考生對 "maternity" 這個單字的理解。題目描述 Mary 的職位將為她保留，直到她休完產假回來。
- (A) successor: 繼任者。與請假無關。
- (B) maternity: 產假的。
第 8 題
- Many developing countries are already battling to ____ malaria and other major diseases.
(A) illustrate
(B) fluctuate
(C) eradicate
(D) penetrate
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這題考驗考生對 "eradicate" 這個單字的理解。題目描述許多發展中國家正在努力根除瘧疾和其他重大疾病。
- (A) illustrate: 說明，闡明。與疾病的對抗無關。
第 9 題
- Like most other international companies with a rigid ____, workers and managers had strictly defined duties.
(A) academy
(B) commodity
(C) infrastructure
(D) hierarchy
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這題考驗考生對 "hierarchy" 這個單字的理解。題目描述像大多數其他有著嚴格層級制度的國際公司一樣，工人和經理都有明確定義的職責。
- (A) academy: 學術機構。與組織結構無關。
- (B) commodity: 商品。與組織結構無關。
第 10 題
- Financial ____ are in monetary form and help in motivating the people for better performance.
(A) incentives
(B) controversies
(C) enormities
(D) ministries
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這題考驗考生對 "incentives" 這個單字的理解。題目描述財務獎勵是貨幣形式，有助於激勵人們有更好的表現。
- (A) incentives: 獎勵，刺激。符合題意，財務獎勵（如加薪、獎金）能激勵員工。
第 11 題
- The increase in pay costs was hugely ____ by higher productivity.
(A) retrieved
(B) engaged
(C) sought
(D) offset
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這題考驗考生對 "offset" 這個單字的理解。題目描述薪資成本的增加被更高的生產力所抵銷。
- (A) retrieved: 取回，恢復。語意不符。
- (B) engaged: 從事的，參與的。
第 12 題
- To use a sporting ____, middle age is like half-time at a football match.
(A) termination
(B) incident
(C) analogy
(D) contrast
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這題考驗考生對 "analogy" 這個單字的理解。題目使用運動的比喻，將中年比作足球比賽的半場。
- (A) termination: 終止。語意不符。
- (B) incident: 事件。
第 13 題
- Government officials visited the earthquake zone on Thursday morning to help ____ the emergency supplies.
(A) deviate
(B) coordinate
(C) anticipate
(D) impose
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這題考驗考生對 "coordinate" 這個單字的理解。題目描述政府官員到訪地震區，目的是協助協調緊急物資的運送。
- (A) deviate: 偏離。與物資運送無關。
- (B) coordinate: 協調。
第 14 題
- The first stars began to form when hydrogen and helium gas left over from the Big Bang ____ into dense clouds.
(A) aggregated
(B) conducted
(C) immigrated
(D) prohibited
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這題考驗考生對 "aggregated" 這個單字的理解。題目描述大爆炸後殘留的氫氣和氦氣，在形成第一批恆星時，聚集成了濃密的雲。
- (A) aggregated: 聚集，集合。符合題意，表示氣體聚集在一起。
第 15 題
- The victim's wife made an emotional public appeal on her husband's ____.
(A) context
(B) erosion
(C) affect
(D) behalf
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這題考驗考生對 "on behalf of" 這個片語的理解。題目描述受害者的妻子代表她的丈夫發表了情感豐富的公開呼籲。
- (A) context: 背景，脈絡。語意不符。
- (B) erosion: 侵蝕。語意不符。
第 16 題
- Jason is very good at swimming, ____ his younger sister does not even dare to go near a swimming pool.
(A) while
(B) because
(C) in spite of
(D) after
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這題考驗考生對連接詞的運用。題目描述 Jason 很擅長游泳，而他的妹妹卻連游泳池都不敢靠近。這兩個句子之間是轉折或對比的關係。
- (A) while: 然而，儘管。用於表示對比或轉折，符合題意。
- (B) because: 因為。
第 17 題
- You should not underestimate her achievement. It ____ a lot of efforts ____ a new company.
(A) take... establishing
(B) have taken... to establish
(C) takes... to establish
(D) taking... establish
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這題考驗考生對動詞時態和不定詞的掌握。題目描述「她的成就…需要付出很多努力來創立一家新公司」。
- (A) take... establishing: "take" 是現在時態，"establishing" 是動名詞或現在分詞，在這裡語意不通。
- (B) have taken... to establish: "have taken" 是現在完成式，表示過去到現在的持續，但主詞 "It" 指的是「成就」，成就本身不能「花費」時間，而是需要「花費」時間來達成。
第 18 題
- This book is centrally ____ the history of England. You should read it if you are interested in knowing what happened in England in the 15th century.
(A) concerned to
(B) concern
(C) concerned with
(D) concerns
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這題考驗考生對 "concerned" 這個詞的用法。題目描述這本書主要與英格蘭的歷史有關。
- (A) concerned to: "concerned to" 通常後面接不定詞，表示「關心去做某事」。
- (B) concern: 動詞，表示「關心」。
第 19 題
- ____ experience different cultures all her life, she was thrilled to find that a foreign company offered her a chance to work abroad.
(A) Want to
(B) Having wanted to
(C) She wants to
(D) Wanted to
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這題考驗考生對分詞構句或獨立分詞構句的理解。題目描述「渴望體驗不同文化一輩子」，她很高興發現一家外國公司提供她出國工作的機會。這裡需要一個表示原因或背景的結構，且與主句 "she was thrilled" 的主語一致。
- (A) Want to: 不完整，缺少主詞。
第 20 題
- This is an international city ____ you can meet people from different countries.
(A) when
(B) which
(C) where
(D) who
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這題考驗考生對關係代名詞的運用。題目描述「這是一個國際化的城市，在那裡你可以遇到來自不同國家的人」。空格後面的句子描述城市這個地點的特徵，因此需要一個關係副詞來指代地點。
- (A) when: 指時間。
第 21 題
- ____ delights her parents most is her decision not to give up easily.
(A) What
(B) How
(C) Why
(D) That
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這題考驗考生對名詞子句作為主語的理解。題目描述「最讓她父母高興的是她不輕易放棄的決定」。空格處需要一個引導名詞子句，且該名詞子句作為整個句子的主語。
- (A) What: 引導名詞子句，意為「...的東西」或「...的事情」。
第 22 題
- ____ people fall ill do they realize the value of health.
(A) Until
(B) Until not
(C) Not because
(D) Not until
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這題考驗考生對 "Not until" 結構的掌握。題目描述「直到人們生病了，他們才意識到健康的價值」。
- (A) Until: 雖然可以引導時間狀語從句，但後面直接接主句時，通常不倒裝。
- (B) Until not: 語法錯誤。
第 23 題
- We need your approval urgently. Please respond to our e-mail ____.
(A) as... as can you
(B) as... as possible
(C) as... as possibly
(D) as possible
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這題考驗考生對 "as ... as possible" 結構的理解。題目描述「我們急需您的批准。請盡快回覆我們的電子郵件。」
- (A) as... as can you: 語法錯誤。
- (B) as... as possible: 標準句型，表示「盡可能地…」。符合題意，要求盡快回覆。
- (C) as... as possibly: "possibly" 是副詞，但 "as... as possible" 是固定用法。
第 24 題
- ____ was the entrance exam, ____ only ten percent of all participants passed it.
(A) So difficult... that
(B) So easy... that
(C) So difficult... if
(D) So easy... if
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這題考驗考生對 "So... that" 結構和語意的理解。題目描述「考試如此困難，以至於只有百分之十的參與者通過了。」
- (A) So difficult... that: "So + 形容詞 + that + 子句" 表示「如此…以至於…」。這裡 "So difficult" 搭配 "that" 結構，表示考試非常困難，導致只有少數人通過，符合語意。
第 25 題
- The manager had a serious argument with him yesterday. But ten minutes ago they walked in the office together happily, ____ nothing had happened.
(A) as
(B) as long as
(C) as if
(D) as such
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這題考驗考生對 "as if" 這個連接詞的運用。題目描述「經理昨天和他有嚴重的爭執。但十分鐘前，他們卻像什麼都沒發生一樣，高高興興地一起走進辦公室。」
- (A) as: 可以表示「如同」、「因為」等，但在此語境下不如 "as if" 精確。
第 26 題
- What is this reading mainly about?
(A) The benefits of robots to the environment
(B) The creation of robotic pets in human life
(C) The power of computer in next-generation robots
(D) The new development in commercial robots
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這篇文章主要介紹 RoboDog 這款新型商業機器人的開發與特點。
- (A) 機器人對環境的益處：文章未著重討論。
- (B) 機器人寵物在人類生活中的創造：文章提到 RoboDog，但並非僅限於寵物，且重點在於商業開發。
第 27 題
- What is the purpose of the second and third paragraphs?
(A) To illustrate how RoboDog can help create new forms of entertainment
(B) To show the capability of RoboDog in performing complex tasks
(C) To give examples of the increasing popularity of RoboDog
(D) To explain why RoboDog is useful in providing high quality child care
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第二段引用了 Mark Oates 的話，強調 RoboDog 的創新性、實用性以及其作為「歷史正在創造」的意義。第三段則詳細描述了 RoboDog 的尺寸、能力（爬obstacles, perform handstands, find and kick a football）、連接性、語音控制，以及其技術的授權應用潛力。
第 28 題
- Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase "in the making" in the second paragraph?
(A) Tailoring to
(B) Cutting-edge
(C) Importing
(D) Taking place
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第二段中 Mark Oates 說："This is an advanced computer in animal form - it's history in the making." "History in the making" 意為「正在創造歷史」，表示一件重要的事情正在發生，並且將會被載入史冊。
- (A) Tailoring to: 量身定做。
第 29 題
- After which paragraph would the following sentence best be placed? After all, the loss of a robot is an inconvenience; the death of a human being is a tragedy.
(A) The first paragraph
(B) The second paragraph
(C) The third paragraph
(D) The last paragraph
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這句話在對比機器人（RoboDog）的損失和人類的死亡，強調人類生命的價值。
- 第一段：介紹 RoboDog 的推出。
- 第二段：Mark Oates 的引言，強調 RoboDog 的創新和實用性，將其比作「正在創造歷史」。這段話引出了 RoboDog 的重要性，為後續對比人類生命的價值做鋪墊。
第 30 題
- Which of the following feature about RoboDog is NOT mentioned in the passage?
(A) Generating electricity for power stations
(B) Following numerous voice commands
(C) Moving and balancing on its front feet
(D) Climbing and lifting heavy weights
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文章中提到的 RoboDog 的特點包括：
- 能夠爬obstacles和perform handstands（第三段）。
- 可以連接 Internet，可以被 PC 控制（第三段）。
- 可以識別六十條口頭指令 (recognize sixty oral commands)（第三段）。
- 能夠爬障礙物、表演倒立、找到並踢足球（第三段）。
- 能夠舉起一個五歲小孩（第三段）。
我們來逐一對照選項：
- (A) Generating electricity for power stations：文章提到 RoboDog 可能應用於「power station」，但並未提及它能「發電」。這是推測的應用場景，而非 RoboDog 本身的功能。
第 31 題
- What is the best way to summarize the reading passage?
(A) The health benefit of a Mediterranean-style diet
(B) The challenge of sticking to a strict eating pattern
(C) The effect of diet changes on cardiovascular health
(D) The adverse impact of weight cycling and stress
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這篇文章主要探討了飲食模式的變化（忽胖忽瘦，即 yo-yo dieting）對心血管健康的影響。研究發現，短期內健康的飲食可以改善指標，但一旦停止，益處就會喪失；重新開始又會改善。文章也提及了體重循環 (weight cycling) 可能對心血管系統造成的壓力，但證據尚不明確。
第 32 題
- According to the passage, how did the scientists determine the improvement of the participants' health?
(A) By examining a number of bio parameters
(B) By inspecting the types of food they consumed
(C) By measuring their changes in body weight
(D) By identifying the dietary interventions they received
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文章第二段提到：「the scientists assessed their cardiovascular risk by measuring a range of parameters such as blood pressure and levels of fats.」
第 33 題
- Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word "standard" in the second paragraph?
(A) High-quality
(B) Ordinary
(C) Controlled
(D) Wholesome
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文章第二段提到：「Participants followed the eating patterns for 5 or 6 weeks. After this period, the scientists assessed their cardiovascular risk by measuring a range of parameters such as blood pressure and levels of fats. Following the 5-6 weeks of dieting, participants went back to their standard ea
第 34 題
- Which of the following statement is true about the new study described in the passage?
(A) It supports the abandonment of the meat-free and nut-filled diet.
(B) It indicates that fluctuating eating patterns may have health benefits.
(C) It involved two previous teams of researchers at Purdue University.
(D) It shows that the amount of time devoted to a new diet is a crucial factor.
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文章第二段提到：「A research team from Purdue University in the U.S. set out to investigate the effect of fluctuating food habits on markers of cardiovascular disease. To investigate, the scientists inspected data from two previous studies into dietary interventions carried out by the same group of researchers at Purdue University.」
- (A) 支持放棄無肉和堅果飲食：文章並未明確支持或反對某種特定飲食，而是討論飲食變化的影響。
第 35 題
- What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
(A) The concept of yo-yo dieting has been questioned by many researchers.
(B) More evidence is needed to support the negative effects of weight loss.
(C) Future research needs to focus on the impact of stress on the cardiovascular system.
(D) The issue of how changes in dietary patterns affect heart health remains unresolved.
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最後一段提到：「More research will be needed to explore whether yo-yo dieting has an impact on long-term health. Some studies have shown that losing and gaining weight again in a cycle, or weight cycling, could cause stress to the cardiovascular system. However, the evidence is certainly not overwhelming, and some scientists question whether weight cycling has any adverse effects at all.」