111 年 國立政治大學碩士班共同科目《英文》

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第 1 題

  1. As Christianity's most ______ place in the world, the city Jerusalem is much more than an ordinary tourist attraction.
    (A) validated
    (B) vignettes
    (C) voracious
    (D) venerated

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考驗學生對單字的辨識與運用能力。題目描述耶路撒冷作為基督教最重要的 ______ 地點,其意義遠超過一般的觀光景點。
(A) validated: 證實的,被驗證的。
(B) vignettes: 小插畫,簡短描寫。

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第 2 題

  1. Jobs in private security firms here cannot be as ______ as they are in some other parts of the world where there are higher demands by the rich and important.
    (A) lubricate
    (B) lucrative
    (C) fluent
    (D) fractured

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考驗學生對單字的辨識與運用能力。題目比較此處的私人保全工作與世界上其他富人與重要人士需求較高的地區,指出此處的工作「無法像」那些地方一樣 ______。
(A) lubricate: 潤滑。

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第 3 題

  1. It is often the case that a coach knows what your athletic prospects are, and a good one would ______ you to this or that ability quadrant.
    (A) regret
    (B) relegate
    (C) regurgitate
    (D) regenerate

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考驗學生對單字的辨識與運用能力。題目指出教練知道你的運動潛力,而一個好的教練會將你 ______ 到某個能力象限。
(A) regret: 後悔。
(B) relegate: 降級,貶黜;歸類於。

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第 4 題

  1. The library is proud to carry an extraordinarily ______ collection; over the past few years presents of books were showered upon us in great quantities.
    (A) credit
    (B) copious
    (C) corporal
    (D) coronary

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考驗學生對單字的辨識與運用能力。題目描述圖書館以其極其 ______ 的館藏為傲,並且在過去幾年收到了大量的書籍捐贈。
(A) credit: 信譽;信任;榮譽。
(B) copious: 豐富的,大量的。

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第 5 題

  1. The Japanese workmanship reminds us a smart saying -- "The craftsman of old time did not hurry, because the perfect takes no account of time and ______ work is a reproach to character."
    (A) tiered
    (B) shoddy
    (C) ultimate
    (D) immaculate

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考驗學生對單字的辨識與運用能力。題目引用一句關於日本工匠的諺語,說明「完美的工藝不計時間,而 ______ 的工作是對品格的汙辱。」
(A) tiered: 分層的,有階層的。
(B) shoddy: 劣質的,粗製濫造的。

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第 6 題

  1. In contrast to the recent order to ______ vaccines for U.S. workers, Taiwan seems to have more patience with those individuals who wish to make their own decisions.
    (A) mandate
    (B) manifest
    (C) meditate
    (D) minimize

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考驗學生對單字的辨識與運用能力。題目比較美國近期下令 ______ 疫苗的措施,與台灣對那些希望自己做決定的人表現出更多的耐心。
(A) mandate: 命令,強制規定。
(B) manifest: 表明,顯示;

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第 7 題

  1. I seldom see any place as ______ as the old market place. Serious cleaning is needed before somebody gets sick.
    (A) insanitary
    (B) insulated
    (C) specific
    (D) speculated

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考驗學生對單字的辨識與運用能力。題目說「我很少看到像舊市場那樣 ______ 的地方。在有人生病之前,需要進行嚴格的清潔。」
(A) insanitary: 不衛生的。
(B) insulated: 絕緣的,隔熱的。

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第 8 題

  1. The ceremonial worships in the world may be ______ into insignificance sooner than many people are ready to admit.
    (A) evicting
    (B) folding
    (C) swelling
    (D) dwindling

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考驗學生對單字的辨識與運用能力。題目提到,世界上的儀式性崇拜可能會比許多人準備好承認的,更快地 ______ 變得無關緊要。
(A) evicting: 驅逐。
(B) folding: 折疊;倒閉。

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第 9 題

  1. With the unexpected delay, we were left with very little time for the preparation needed for the presentation; in fact, we had no choice but to ______.
    (A) repulse
    (B) improvise
    (C) impoverish
    (D) impulse

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考驗學生對單字的辨識與運用能力。題目說明由於意外的延遲,準備簡報的時間非常少,實際上別無選擇,只能 ______。
(A) repulse: 擊退,使厭惡。
(B) improvise: 即興演出,臨時湊合。

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第 10 題

  1. As a major ______ of depression and alcoholism, loneliness as an emotional problem really cannot be taken lightly.
    (A) epitome
    (B) devotion
    (C) precipitant
    (D) dedication

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考驗學生對單字的辨識與運用能力。題目指出,作為憂鬱症和酒精中毒的一個主要 ______,孤獨作為一種情感問題,確實不能輕視。
(A) epitome: 縮影,典範。
(B) devotion: 奉獻,獻身。

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第 11 題

  1. Getting a post-graduate education used to be a serious decision for those who are interested in a research position in universities or ______.
    (A) fields
    (B) scholars
    (C) syllabi
    (D) academia

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考驗學生對單字的辨識與運用能力。題目提到,獲得研究生教育過去曾是對於那些對大學或 ______ 的研究職位感興趣的人來說,一個嚴肅的決定。
(A) fields: 領域,學科。

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第 12 題

  1. If a baby is considered the ______ of vulnerability, an old person should be too. After all, both can be easily hurt by anyone who has the intention to do harm.
    (A) enactment
    (B) embodiment
    (C) extension
    (D) embeddedness

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考驗學生對單字的辨識與運用能力。題目中說,如果一個嬰兒被視為脆弱的 ______,那麼老年人也應該如此,因為他們都容易受到傷害。
(A) enactment: 制定(法律),演出。
(B) embodiment: 化身,體現。

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第 13 題

  1. Despite the looming ______, I've found my time at grad school to be quite rewarding.
    (A) precarity
    (B) vibrancy
    (C) efficiency
    (D) buoyancy

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考驗學生對單字的辨識與運用能力。題目說,儘管有潛伏的 ______,我發現我在研究所的時間相當有收穫。
(A) precarity: 不穩定,依賴他人。
(B) vibrancy: 活力,生氣。
(C) efficiency: 效率。

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第 14 題

  1. At the end of the previous century, investigations on the conduction of electricity by gases led to the ______ of the electron as the fundamental unit of electricity.
    (A) ideology
    (B) idealization
    (C) idiosyncrasy
    (D) identification

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考驗學生對單字的辨識與運用能力。題目提到,在上個世紀末,對氣體導電性的研究導致了電子被 ______ 為電的基本單位。
(A) ideology: 意識形態。
(B) idealization: 理想化。

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第 15 題

  1. With too many unexpected changes, international travelling has become risky, even with proper ______.
    (A) succinctly
    (B) summarily
    (C) presumably
    (D) presumptuously

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查副詞的詞義辨析與句子結構。

四個選項皆為副詞:

  • succinctly:簡潔地、扼要地
  • summarily:概括地;草率地;未經詳細考慮地
  • presumably:推測上;大概
  • presumptuously:冒昧地;自大地

然而,空格前為 proper,其後通常應接名詞,例如:

  • proper preparation:適當的準備
  • proper planning:妥善的規劃
  • proper precautions:適當的預防措施

四個選項都是副詞,均無法直接作為 proper 的受詞或補語。

解題方法

先觀察句型:

even with proper ______

介系詞 with 後接名詞片語,proper 為形容詞,因此空格應填名詞,形成「即使有適當的……」之意。

例如:

even with proper preparation
即使有適當的準備

但四個選項皆為副詞,無一能符合此句的文法與語意。因此本題題幹或選項應有排版、抄錄或命題錯誤。

若依句意補入合理名詞,應是 preparation、planning 或 precautions 之類的字,而不會是四個選項中的任何一個。

選項分析

(A) succinctly

意為「簡潔地、扼要地」,用來修飾動詞、形容詞或整個句子,例如:

She explained the problem succinctly.
她簡潔地解釋了這個問題。

本字為副詞,不能放在 proper 後形成名詞片語;且「適當地簡潔地」也不符合本句「即使有適當準備」的語意。錯誤。

(B) summarily

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第 16 題

  1. Jenny walked up to the professors and said that she'd greatly appreciate it ______ any one of them would write a review of her new book.
    (A) which
    (B) if
    (C) to
    (D) then

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考驗學生對連接詞和不定詞的用法。題目中 "appreciate it ______ any one of them would write..." 的結構,需要一個連接詞來引導一個名詞子句,表示「感謝他們中的任何一個人寫書評」。
(A) which: 用於關係子句,引導名詞或形容詞子句。
(B) if: 用於條件句,表示「如果」。

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第 17 題

  1. Even though he ______ ever works as ______ as any of his siblings, he enjoys all the benefits as a member of the richest family in the country.
    (A) hard... hard
    (B) hard... hardly
    (C) hardly... hard
    (D) hardly... hardly

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查副詞 hard 與 hardly 的詞義及用法:

  • hard 作副詞時,意為「努力地、勤奮地」,如 work hard(努力工作)。
  • hardly 作副詞時,意為「幾乎不」,本身帶有否定意味,常與 ever 連用形成 hardly ever,表示「幾乎從不」。
  • as + 副詞 + as 表示「和……一樣……」,因此 work as hard as... 表示「工作得和……一樣努力」。

解題方法

先判斷第一個空格。句中有固定搭配:

hardly ever=幾乎從不\text{hardly ever}=\text{幾乎從不}

「他幾乎從不工作」符合句意,因此第一空應填 hardly。

再判斷第二個空格。句型為:

work as + 副詞 + as\text{work as + 副詞 + as}

此處要表達「工作得和他的任何一位兄弟姊妹一樣努力」,應使用表示「努力地」的副詞 hard:

work as hard as any of his siblings\text{work as hard as any of his siblings}

完整句意為:

「即使他幾乎從不如他的任何一位兄弟姊妹那樣努力工作,他仍享有身為全國最富有家庭成員的一切好處。」

選項分析

  • (A) hard... hard:錯誤。
    第一空形成 hard ever works,不符合英文慣用語,也無法表達「幾乎從不」。
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第 18 題

  1. I found it difficult to get used to ______ in another country.
    (A) have lived
    (B) live
    (C) being lived
    (D) living

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考驗學生對動名詞和不定詞的用法。在 "get used to" 之後,需要接一個動名詞 (gerund) 或名詞片語。
(A) have lived: 這是完成式,不適用於此。
(B) live: 這是原形動詞,通常用於不定詞 "to live"。

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第 19 題

  1. The candidate failed to get the opportunity because his work shows ______.
    (A) a serious lacking
    (B) a serious lack
    (C) serious lacks
    (D) serious lack

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. 名詞的可數性
  2. 單數可數名詞前的限定詞
  3. lack、lacking 的詞性與慣用搭配

句意為:「這名候選人未能獲得機會,因為他的作品顯示出一項嚴重的不足。」

其中,lack 作為「缺乏、不足」的名詞時,可以使用片語:

  • a lack of + 名詞:缺乏……
  • a serious lack of + 名詞:嚴重缺乏……

本句的空格需要填入一個能直接作為 shows 受詞的名詞片語,因此 a serious lack 最合適。


解題方法

先觀察空格後方沒有 of 或其他名詞,因此空格本身必須形成完整的名詞片語:

shows+名詞片語\text{shows} + \text{名詞片語}

lack 在此指「一項不足、一個缺陷」,屬於單數可數名詞,前面必須有不定冠詞 a:

a+serious+lack\text{a} + \text{serious} + \text{lack}

完整句子為:

The candidate failed to get the opportunity because his work shows a serious lack.

意思是:「這名候選人未能獲得機會,因為他的作品顯示出一項嚴重的不足。」


選項分析

(A) a serious lacking

lacking 通常是形容詞,表示「缺乏的、不足的」,例如:

His work is lacking in originality.

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第 20 題

  1. Having set global warming in irreversible motion, we are ______ the possibility of ecological catastrophe.
    (A) faced
    (B) facing
    (C) challenging
    (D) challenged

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考驗學生對動詞時態和主動被動語態的選擇。
題目前半句 "Having set global warming in irreversible motion" 是一個獨立的完成式分詞構句,表示「既然已經啟動了全球暖化這個不可逆的過程」。
後半句 "we are ______ the possibility of ecological catastrophe." 我們「正處於」或「正面對」生態災難的可能性。

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第 21 題

  1. Daoism has strongly influenced the culture and religious life of China and other East Asian countries ____ the 6th century BCE.
    (A) before
    (B) as
    (C) at
    (D) since

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念
本題測驗的是英文介系詞(preposition)在時間點與時間段的用法。

  • since:自某個時間點起持續到現在,常與現在完成式連用;表示「自⋯以來」
  • before:在某個時間點之前,通常用於過去或未來的時間點
  • as:用於同時發生的情況或表示「當…的時候」,但不適用於單純表示「自…以來」的時間跨度
  • at:用於特定的時間點(如 at 5 p.m.),不適用於較長的時間範圍

解題方法
題幹敘述「Daoism has strongly influenced the culture and religious life of China and other East Asian countries ____ the 6th century BCE.」
句子主詞為 Daoism,動詞是現在完成式 has strongly influenced,表示從過去某時點一直延續到現在的影響。
由此可判斷空格需要填入表示「自公元前第六世紀以來」的介系詞,符合 since 的語意與語法。

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第 22 題

  1. Andrea was fazed after an encounter with a man who looked much like her deceased father. She was so confused that she had difficulty ______.
    (A) collecting herself
    (B) collecting himself
    (C) collect her thoughts
    (D) collect his thoughts

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考驗學生對動名詞和代名詞的選擇。
"had difficulty" 之後需要接動名詞 (gerund)。
(A) collecting herself: "collect herself" 是動名詞片語,表示「使自己鎮定下來」。主詞是 Andrea (女性),所以用 "herself"。
(B) collecting himself: "collect himself" 是動名詞片語,表示「使自己鎮定下來」。

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第 23 題

  1. They propose a what-if approach that allows interactive exploration of the effects of system changes, ______ complex tuning problems into simpler search problems.
    (A) converts
    (B) converted
    (C) converting
    (D) have converted

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本題考驗學生對分詞構句的用法。
題目結構是 "They propose a what-if approach that allows... , ______ complex tuning problems..."
"allows interactive exploration..." 已經是 "approach" 的一個修飾語。
逗號後面需要一個現在分詞片語來表示伴隨的動作或結果,修飾前面的 "approach" 或 "interactive exploration"。
(A) converts: 動詞現在式,不符合語法。

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第 24 題

  1. A range of ointments and creams were found available for the treatment of the ______ difficult skin problem.
    (A)seems
    (B) seemed
    (C) seeming
    (D) seemingly

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考驗學生對形容詞和副詞的用法。
題目結構是 "A range of ointments and creams were found available for the treatment of the ______ difficult skin problem."

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第 25 題

  1. The committee ______ the depth of his knowledge in linguistics, given that he was just an undergraduate student.
    (A) was amazed at
    (B) amazed at
    (C) was amazed
    (D) amazed

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考驗學生對動詞 "amaze" 的用法。
"amaze" 是及物動詞,表示「使...驚訝」。
句子主語是 "The committee"。
(A) was amazed at: 被動語態,表示「對...感到驚訝」。後面接名詞或名詞片語。
(B) amazed at: 主動語態,表示「使...驚訝」。後面接名詞或名詞片語。
(C) was amazed: 被動語態,後面通常不直接接名詞片語,除非是表示「被...驚訝」。
(D) amazed: 主動語態,後面直接接受詞。

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第 26 題

  1. According to the excerpt, what is considered the author's "travel addiction"?
    (A) The desire to fill an inner emptiness.
    (B) The need to create good memories.
    (C) The feeling of being isolated by the world.
    (D) The courage to leave one's own homeland.

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這一題的完整詳解

本題為閱讀理解題,根據文章內容判斷作者對「旅行成癮」的定義。
文章開頭提到:「It is perhaps indicative of my reluctance to plumb the origins of my travel addiction that it was only recently - while searching for some way to frame this idea of accumulating experience to fill a void - that I came across the work of Daniel Kahneman.」

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第 27 題

  1. According to Daniel Kahneman, how long does the "psychological present" of the "experiencing self" last on average?
    (A) More than 600 million seconds per day.
    (B) 10 times more than one can remember.
    (C) Around 600 seconds per year.
    (D) Less than 10 seconds each time.

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本題為閱讀理解題,詢問 Daniel Kahneman 所提出的「心理現在」的持續時間。
文章提到:「In his bestselling memoir, Thinking, Fast and Slow (2011), he articulates this dichotomy in terms of the 'experiencing self' and the 'remembering self'. The experiencing self describes our cognition as it exists in the 'psychological present'. That present, Kahneman estimates, lasts for aroun

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第 28 題

  1. What might the word "metabolise" mean here?
    (A) To process nutrition in food.
    (B) To digest the past memories.
    (C) To increase chemical reactions.
    (D) To erase images from the past.

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這一題的完整詳解

本題為詞彙理解題,詢問 "metabolise" 在文中的意思。
文章提到:「The remembering self, by contrast, describes how the mind metabolises all of those moments in the rear-view mirror.」
這裡的 "metabolise" 是指心智如何處理、轉化或消化過去的時刻(回憶)。

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第 29 題

  1. What kind of metaphor does Kahneman use to refer to the behavior of the "remembering self"?
    (A) Dictatorship.
    (B) Gardening.
    (C) Stewardship.
    (D) Companionship.

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這一題的完整詳解

本題為閱讀理解題,詢問 Kahneman 用了什麼比喻來形容「記憶自我」的行為。
文章提到:「Instead, the remembering self is susceptible to all kinds of 'cognitive illusions'. In its urge to weave discrete experiences into a desirable narrative, the memory will edit and elide, embellish and deceive. The actual sensations, and, by extension, our true sense of how we felt, are lo

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第 30 題

  1. What might be the main insight the author gains from Kahneman's theory of happiness?
    (A) That life satisfaction becomes true happiness when one travels alone.
    (B) That one can never trust other's memories unless the memories are shared.
    (C) That how one experiences life is never the same as how one remembers it.
    (D) That memory will only be stored in our brain if we try to turn it into narrative.

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這一題的完整詳解

本題為閱讀理解題,詢問作者從 Kahneman 的幸福理論中獲得的主要啟示。
文章的核心在於區分「經歷自我」(experiencing self)和「記憶自我」(remembering self)。Kahneman 的觀察是:「Kahneman's crucial observation was that the way we recall events is invariably divorced from the experience itself.」
這句話直接點出了經歷與記憶之間的差異。作者從這裡得到的啟示就是,我們經歷生活的方式與我們記憶它的方式是不同的。

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第 31 題

  1. According to Linda Stone in the passage, which of the following may be considered "continuous partial attention"?
    (A) Listening to the music while studying for an examination.
    (B) Having emailed the professor, you put a few lines into a report.
    (C) Sitting in the bus while watching your favorite drama on Netflix.
    (D) Constantly checking LINE messages while dining with your family.

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這一題的完整詳解

本題為閱讀理解題,詢問 Linda Stone 所定義的「持續部分注意力」是什麼。
文章提到:「In addition, technology consultant Linda Stone describes another aspect of multitasking: what she calls the state of continuous partial attention. This, she says, is a stressful state where people are constantly, but only partially, attending to the information from their communication devices, motivated by the fear of 'missing something'.」
「持續部分注意力」是指人們不斷地、但只是部分地注意溝通設備上的資訊,是出於害怕錯過某些事情。

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第 32 題

  1. What is the "paradox" discussed in the essay?
    (A) Multitasking is supposed to hurt productivity but real-world practices have shown otherwise.
    (B) Multitasking means doing many things simultaneously but research shows that only one thing can be
    done well at the same time.
    (C) Multitasking is supposed to mean switching rapidly among tasks but research shows that speed does not
    matter.
    (D) Multitasking divides the attention but research shows that this process takes place in the anterior
    prefrontal cortex.

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這一題的完整詳解

本題為閱讀理解題,詢問文章中討論的「悖論」是什麼。
文章提到:「Professor Appelbaum and his team point to an apparent paradox in the research on multitasking. They note that, according to their research, multitasking is detrimental to task completion. Yet, at the same time, as multitasking in the workplace has been on the rise, workers' average productivity has increased, not decreased.」
悖論在於:研究顯示多工處理會損害任務完成度,但實際上在職場上,多工處理的增加並沒有降低,反而提高了生產力。

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第 33 題

  1. According to the passage, which of the following is one example that shows rapidly switching between
    different projects at work can be valuable?
    (A) It immediately cuts down on the need of digital devices at work.
    (B) It quickly raises the employee's overall sense of job satisfaction.
    (C) It allows the client's need to be attended to promptly.
    (D) It encourages the contributions of knowledgeable workers.

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這一題的完整詳解

本題為閱讀理解題,詢問快速切換不同工作項目為何有價值。
文章提到:「Perhaps the practice of rapidly switching between different projects at work is adding some other kind of value, allowing workers to provide immediate responses to the demands of their clients, for example.」
這裡清楚說明,快速切換工作項目的價值在於「能夠及時回應客戶的需求」。

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第 34 題

  1. Why is it necessary for the authors to refer to the Hong Kong study and the survival of our species? Their
    point is that
    (A) multitasking is not just about natural science.
    (B) multitasking is not just part of human nature.
    (C) multitasking is not just happening in Hong Kong.
    (D) multitasking is not just about digital technology.

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這一題的完整詳解

本題為閱讀理解題,詢問作者引用香港研究和物種生存的必要性。
文章提到:「Multitasking is not a new phenomenon introduced by digital media. In fact, almost all interaction involves doing more than one thing at a time. Before digital technologies became widely available in the 1990s, researchers in Hong Kong noted that even then students rarely focused on one thing at one time. ... It might be argued that our ability to multitask is a major part of what makes us human. One type of cognitive behaviors that plays a big role in multitasking is called 'branching', which involves keeping a goal in mind over time while at the same time being able to allocate attentional resources to other tasks. Research suggests that this process takes place in the anterior prefrontal cortex, a region of the

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第 35 題

  1. Which of the following best represents the authors' attitude toward multitasking?
    (A) It hurts productivity and should be banned right away.
    (B) It came with digital technologies through our own effort.
    (C) Doing more than one thing at the same time is impossible.
    (D) Knowing what to attend to at any given moment is critical.

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這一題的完整詳解

本題為閱讀理解題,詢問作者對多工處理的態度。
文章最後一段提到:「Indeed, the ability to manage and distribute attention across a range of competing activities is increasingly important in the digital age. Knowledge workers are expected to be able to manage numerous different projects at the same time, dividing attention between them. At both work and home people are engaging with much richer media environments than they used to. Environments like this require us to make decisions about what to attend to at any given m

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其他考古題

111 年政治大學的其他科目

政治大學《英文》其他年度

其他學校的共同科目考古題