115 年 國立政治大學碩士班共同科目《英文Ａ》
第 1 題
Despite repeated warnings, the company continued its ____ use of personal data.
(A) judicious
(B) meticulous
(C) reckless
(D) prudent
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本題考查詞彙辨識。題目描述公司在一再警告後，仍舊繼續使用個人資料，這暗示其行為是不審慎的，甚至是有風險的。
(A) judicious (明智的，判斷力好的)：與題目中「repeated warnings」後仍舊繼續的語境不符。
第 2 題
The professor's explanation was so ____ that even first-year students could follow the argument easily.
(A) obscure
(B) lucid
(C) prolix
(D) equivocal
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本題考查詞彙辨識。題目描述教授的解釋非常容易讓一年級學生理解，這暗示解釋是清晰、易懂的。
(A) obscure (晦澀的，難懂的)：與「even first-year students could follow the argument easily」的語境相反。
第 3 題
Her research proposal was rejected because it lacked a clear ____ and methodological justification.
(A) premise
(B) digression
(C) ventilation
(D) apparel
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本題考查詞彙辨識。題目指出研究提案被拒絕，是因為它缺乏一個清晰的「____」和方法論上的論證。在學術提案中，一個關鍵的組成部分是其基礎或前提。
(A) premise (前提)：一個研究提案通常需要一個清晰的前提（假設或論點）來支持其研究方向和方法。缺乏清晰的前提會導致提案被拒絕。
第 4 題
His remarks were carefully worded to ____ public criticism without engaging with the substance of the complaint.
(A) deflect
(B) provoke
(C) operationalize
(D) fabricate
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本題考查詞彙辨識。題目描述某人的言論經過仔細措辭，目的是在不深入探討抱怨的實質內容的情況下，達到「____」公眾批評的效果。
(A) deflect (轉移；使偏離)：這個詞的意思是將批評或問題引開，不直接面對。這與「without engaging with the substance of the complaint」的語境相符，即試圖避開或轉移批評。
(B) provoke (激起；
第 5 題
After hours of intense discussion, the committee reached a decision that was ____.
(A) impromptu
(B) unanimous
(C) immoderate
(D) excessive
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本題考查詞彙辨識。題目描述經過數小時的激烈討論後，委員會達成了一項決定。這暗示著討論的結果是大家都能接受的。
(A) impromptu (即興的，臨時的)：即興的決定通常是在沒有充分討論的情況下做出的，這與「hours of intense discussion」的語境不符。
第 6 題
Throughout the article, the author adopts a tone that is ____, carefully avoiding emotional language.
(A) irrevocable
(B) effusive
(C) dispassionate
(D) incendiary
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本題考查詞彙辨識。題目描述作者在整篇文章中採用了一種「____」的語氣，並且「小心地避免使用情緒化的語言」。
(A) irrevocable (無法撤銷的)：無法撤銷的語氣與避免情緒化語言沒有直接關聯。
(B) effusive (溢於言表的，熱情的)：溢於言表的語氣通常帶有強烈的情感，這與「carefully avoiding emotional language」相反。
第 7 題
Without sufficient evidence, the claim remains largely ____.
(A) corroborated
(B) authenticated
(C) speculative
(D) determinative
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本題考查詞彙辨識。題目指出，在沒有足夠證據的情況下，某項主張「很大程度上仍然是____」。
(A) corroborated (被證實的)：沒有足夠證據，主張就不可能被證實。
(B) authenticated (被證明的，被確認的)：沒有足夠證據，主張就不可能被證明或確認。
第 8 題
The private school mainly serves ____ families who can afford high tuition and extensive extracurricular programs.
(A) negligible
(B) ubiquitous
(C) unsightly
(D) affluent
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本題考查詞彙辨識。題目描述私立學校主要服務「____」的家庭，這些家庭能夠負擔高昂的學費和豐富的課外活動。
(A) negligible (微不足道的)：與「afford high tuition」的意思相反。
第 9 題
To encourage honest feedback, the university guaranteed that the evaluation forms would remain ____.
(A) deceptive
(B) anonymous
(C) alleged
(D) duplicitous
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本題考驗單字辨識能力，需根據上下文選擇最適合的單字填入空格。
句子說明「為了鼓勵誠實的回饋，大學保證評估表格將保持____」(To encourage honest feedback, the university guaranteed that the evaluation forms would remain ____)。
第 10 題
The committee rejected the proposal as ____ because its claims were internally contradictory: it promised "zero cost" and "instant results" at the same time.
(A) deep-rooted
(B) ingrained
(C) preposterous
(D) brilliant
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本題考驗單字辨識能力，需根據上下文選擇最適合的單字填入空格。
句子提到「委員會拒絕了這項提案，認為它____，因為它的說法在內部是自相矛盾的：它同時承諾『零成本』和『立即見效』」(The committee rejected the proposal as ____ because its claims were internally contradictory: it promised "zero cost" and "instant results" at the same time)。
第 11 題
The government introduced new water-saving policies to ____ the impact of the drought on agriculture.
(A) scorch
(B) mitigate
(C) induce
(D) overestimate
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本題考驗單字辨識能力，需根據上下文選擇最適合的單字填入空格。
句子說明「政府推出了新的節水政策，以____乾旱對農業的影響」(The government introduced new water-saving policies to ____ the impact of the drought on agriculture)。
第 12 題
The budget meeting quickly turned tense when departments argued over the ____ of limited research funds.
(A) allocation
(B) coalition
(C) enunciation
(D) ornamentation
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本題考查詞彙辨識。題目描述預算會議變得緊張，因為各部門爭論有限研究資金的「____」。
(A) allocation (分配)：各部門之間爭論資金的分配方式是很常見的。
第 13 題
After years of not speaking, the two colleagues finally ____ during a project that forced them to collaborate again.
(A) evaporated
(B) conceived
(C) embarked
(D) reconciled
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本題考查詞彙辨識。題目描述，在多年不說話後，兩位同事最終在一個強迫他們再次合作的專案中「____」。
(A) evaporated (蒸發了)：蒸發與人際關係或合作無關。
(B) conceived (構想；懷孕)：構想與人際關係或合作無關。
第 14 題
Although the work was demanding, the contract proved ____ due to high royalties and long-term licensing rights.
(A) lucrative
(B) dappled
(C) stagnant
(D) adverse
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本題考驗單字辨識能力，需根據上下文選擇最適合的單字填入空格。
句子描述「儘管工作要求很高，但由於高額的權利金和長期的授權權利，這份合約被證明是____的」(Although the work was demanding, the contract proved ____ due to high royalties and long-term licensing rights)。
第 15 題
When pressed for details about the data leak, the spokesperson tried to ____ the question by shifting to safer topics.
(A) encompass
(B) evade
(C) laud
(D) resign
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本題考查詞彙辨識。題目描述，當被追問數據洩漏的細節時，發言人試圖透過轉移到更安全的議題來「____」這個問題。
(A) encompass (包含，涵蓋)：包含問題與轉移話題的目的相反。
第 16 題
Many residents objected to ____ a highway through the protected wetlands.
(A) build
(B) building
(C) to build
(D) built
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本題考查動名詞的使用。介詞 "to" 後面通常接動詞原形，但在這裡，"object to" 是一個固定片語，其中的 "to" 是介詞，後面需要接動名詞 (gerund)。
(A) build：動詞原形，不適用於介詞後的結構。
第 17 題
All personal data must be processed ____ the university's privacy policy.
(A) in accordance with
(B) in contrast to
(C) by virtue of
(D) in exchange for
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本題考查介詞片語的辨識。題目要求個人資料的處理必須「____」大學的隱私政策。
(A) in accordance with (根據，依照)：這表示處理資料的行為必須符合隱私政策的規定，這是最常見且合乎邏輯的用法。
第 18 題
I wish I ____ more carefully before I sent that email to the entire department.
(A) would check
(B) had checked
(C) could have checked
(D) have checked
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本題考查虛擬語氣的用法。「I wish」後面接續的子句，如果表示對過去事實的後悔，需要使用過去完成式 (had + 過去分詞)。
(A) would check：用於對現在或未來情況的願望，或表示不願做某事。
(B) had checked：過去完成式，表示對過去未做某事的後悔。
第 19 題
The committee requested that every applicant ____ a writing sample with the application.
(A) submits
(B) submitted
(C) submit
(D) has submitted
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本題考查虛擬語氣的用法。當主句動詞為 request, demand, suggest, ask 等表示要求、建議、命令的動詞時，其後面的 that 子句，謂語動詞需要使用虛擬語氣，即動詞原形 (submit)。
第 20 題
Before the final decision is made, the department chair invited all faculty members to ____ the proposed curriculum changes.
(A) weigh in
(B) weigh at
(C) weigh out
(D) weigh over
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本題為文法題，考驗動詞片語辨識能力。
句子描述「在最終決定做出之前，系主任邀請所有教職員工____擬議的課程變更」(Before the final decision is made, the department chair invited all faculty members to ____ the proposed curriculum changes)。
第 21 題
____ had the meeting begun when several participants raised objections.
(A) No longer
(B) No later
(C) No more
(D) No sooner
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本題考查倒裝句的用法。當 "No sooner" 位於句首時，後面需要接續倒裝結構 (had + 主詞 + 過去分詞)。此結構表示「一…就…」，強調兩件事緊密相連。
(A) No longer：表示「不再」，用於否定。
(B) No later：通常與 "than" 連用，表示「不晚於」。
第 22 題
Hardly ____ to explain the sudden change in policy.
(A) has anything been offered
(B) anything has offered
(C) has been anything offered
(D) anything was offered
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本題考查倒裝句的用法。當 "Hardly" 位於句首時，後面需要接續倒裝結構 (助動詞 + 主詞 + 過去分詞)。題目意為「幾乎沒有提供任何解釋來解釋政策的突然改變」。
(A) has anything been offered：這是正確的倒裝結構：Hardly + 助動詞 (has) + 主詞 (anything) + 過去分詞 (been offered)。
第 23 題
____ the evidence been stronger, the conclusion would have been more convincing.
(A) Had
(B) Were
(C) Should
(D) If
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本題考查虛擬語氣的用法。這是一個省略了 "if" 的第三種條件句的倒裝形式。句意為「如果證據更強有力，結論就會更有說服力」。
(A) Had：當 "Had" 置於句首時，表示「如果…（過去事實）」，後面接續主詞和過去分詞，構成省略 "if" 的虛擬語氣。這符合語境，表示「如果證據過去更強的話」。
第 24 題
No account was given as to ____ the discrepancy had arisen.
(A) what
(B) how
(C) which
(D) that
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本題考查關係代名詞或疑問詞的用法。題目意為「沒有給出任何說明，關於「____」這個差異是如何產生的」。
(A) what：通常引導名詞子句，表示「什麼」。
(B) how：通常引導名詞子句，表示「如何」。
第 25 題
The speaker paused repeatedly, lest the audience ____ her remarks.
(A) misinterpret
(B) misinterpreted
(C) would misinterpret
(D) had misinterpreted
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本題考查虛擬語氣的用法。當 "lest" (唯恐，以免) 引導的子句中，表示目的或擔心的情況，通常使用虛擬語氣 (should + 動詞原形)。
(A) misinterpret：動詞原形。與 "lest" 搭配，表示「唯恐觀眾誤解她的言論」。
第 26 題
According to the passage, stingless bees are important to the Amazon ecosystem primarily because they function as key pollinators, which means they:
(A) generate biologically active compounds used in traditional medicine
(B) regulate climatic conditions through forest conservation
(C) facilitate plant reproduction and sustain biodiversity
(D) limit the spread of competing insect species
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本題考查對閱讀文章的理解。文章指出，刺less bees (無刺蜂) 是亞馬遜生態系統的關鍵授粉者。然後解釋了授粉者的作用。
選項 (A) 提到生物活性化合物，文章中雖然提到了無刺蜂的蜂蜜具有藥用價值，但這不是它們作為授粉者的主要重要性。
選項 (B) 提到調節氣候，文章沒有直接將授粉者與調節氣候直接關聯。
選項 (C) 提到促進植物繁殖和維持生物多樣性。這正是授粉者的核心功能。
第 27 題
Which combination of threats to stingless bees is mentioned in the passage?
(A) Overharvesting, drought, and habitat fragmentation
(B) Climate change, deforestation, pesticides, and competition
(C) Rapid urbanization, pollution, and disease
(D) Flourishing tourism, farming, and infrastructure development
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本題考查對閱讀文章的理解。文章中列舉了對無刺蜂構成威脅的因素。
文章提到：「But they are faced with a deadly confluence of climate change, deforestation and pesticides, as well as competition from European bees...」
分析選項：
(A) Overharvesting (過度採集) 和 habitat fragmentation (棲地破碎化) 並未在文章中明確提及為威脅。
第 28 題
In the passage, the reference to ‘hundreds of medicinal molecules' primarily serves to highlight:
(A) the increasing commercial value of stingless bee honey
(B) the scientific complexity and medicinal potential of the honey
(C) the difficulty of analyzing natural substances
(D) the critical shortage of medical treatments during the pandemic
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本題為閱讀理解題，需判斷文中提到「數百種藥用分子」的主要用意。
文章中提到 Espinoza 博士的發現：「'I was seeing hundreds of medicinal molecules, like molecules that are known to have some sort of biological medicinal property,' Espinoza recalled. 'And the variety was also really wild - these molecules have been known to have anti-inflammatory effects or antiviral, antibacterial, antioxidant, even anti-cancer.'」(「我看到了數百種藥用分子
第 29 題
Why are Africanized honeybees mentioned in the passage?
(A) They were introduced to increase honey production safely
(B) They are protected under the same ordinances and environmental rules
(C) They have begun outcompeting stingless bees in their habitats
(D) They are native to the Peruvian Amazon
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本題考查對閱讀文章的理解。文章提到非洲化蜂 (Africanized honeybees) 的原因。
文章寫道：「In the 1950s, a scientific experiment in Brazil aimed at producing a honeybee better suited to tropical conditions resulted in the Africanized honeybee, a more aggressive variety. These bees have since spread widely and are now outcompeting stingless bees in their natural habitats.」
分析選項：
第 30 題
What rights were granted to stingless bees under the new ordinances?
(A) Ownership of forest land and agricultural resources
(B) Protection only within designated reserves
(C) The right to exist, thrive, and be legally represented
(D) Exemption from environmental regulations
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本題考查對閱讀文章的理解。文章描述了無刺蜂獲得法律權利的細節。
文章提到：「Under the new ordinance, the bees are granted the right to exist and thrive, to maintain healthy populations, to live in a clean and stable environment, and to be legally represented when they are threatened or harmed.」
分析選項：
第 31 題
Which statement best captures Perlman's attitude toward FSD?
(A) He rejects it as unreliable and refuses to use it.
(B) He is impressed but still insists on staying fully attentive.
(C) He is confident in it and texts freely while driving on highways.
(D) He believes it eliminates the need for driver attention.
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本題考查對閱讀文章的理解。文章描述了 Geoff Perlman 對 Tesla FSD 軟體的測試經驗。
文章提到：「Perlman is even considering paying roughly
第 32 題
Which option best describes Elon Musk's stance as presented in the passage?
(A) Texting should remain banned until cars are fully autonomous under independent certification.
(B) Tesla will prohibit phone use by disabling FSD whenever a phone is detected.
(C) Texting may be acceptable in certain conditions while FSD is operating.
(D) Texting is safe because FSD removes legal responsibility from the driver.
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本題考查對閱讀文章的理解。文章描述了 Elon Musk 對於駕駛時使用手機的態度。
文章提到：「Tesla's chief executive and public face, Elon Musk, has signaled a looser position. Speaking to investors, Musk suggested Tesla would 'allow' texting while driving, and later replied online that it could be acceptable depending on surrounding traffic.」
分析選項：
第 33 題
Safety advocates are most concerned that Musk's remarks will:
(A) encourage drivers to ignore laws and overestimate the system's autonomy
(B) discourage public transit use and normalize routine phone distraction
(C) pressure regulators to ease oversight and accelerate market approval
(D) deflect corporate accountability and reassign blame to software engineers
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本題為閱讀理解題，需判斷安全倡導者最擔心 Musk 言論會導致什麼後果。
文章第四段提到：「Safety advocates argue that even implying phone use is permissible risks normalizing illegal behavior, especially because Tesla's systems still require driver supervision.」(安全倡導者認為，即使暗示允許使用手機也可能使非法行為常態化，特別是因為 Tesla 的系統仍然需要駕駛員的監督。)
第 34 題
Why do critics question Tesla's safety claims?
(A) Tesla's data show more crashes when FSD is used appropriately.
(B) Regulators have banned Tesla from testing in the US.
(C) The data are not independently verifiable and lack clear baselines.
(D) Rival firms refuse to publish their safety statistics.
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本題為閱讀理解題，需判斷批評者質疑 Tesla 安全聲明的理由。
文章第五段提到：「Critics respond that such claims are hard to evaluate without independent access to the data and a clear comparison baseline.」(批評者回應說，這些說法在沒有獨立數據存取和清晰比較基準的情況下很難評估。)
這段話直接指出了批評者質疑的關鍵：數據的驗證性和比較基準。
第 35 題
The phrase 'a high-stakes gamble' most nearly implies that Tesla's strategy:
(A) could be expensive yet still deliver only limited practical benefits
(B) could lose momentum yet still continue despite overseas competition
(C) could cut prices yet still fail to address core safety concerns
(D) could bring big gains but also serious regulatory and reputational risks
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本題為閱讀理解題，需判斷「high-stakes gamble」(高風險的賭博) 這句話的含義。
文章最後一段提到：「...some observers warn that pushing ahead too quickly is a high-stakes gamble: if real-world incidents accumulate, public trust and regulatory approval may evaporate.」(…一些觀察家警告說，過快推進是一場高風險的賭博：如果真實世界的事故積累起來，公眾信任和監管批准可能會蒸發。)
「High-stakes」指的是風險很高，可能帶來巨大的損失；