109 年 國立清華大學社會學研究所乙組《英文》
第 一 題20 分
一、單字配對 (共 20 分，每小題 2 分。下面有 10 個單字，請從 (A) 到 (L) 的意義中，找到正確的配對，其中有 2 個意義是多餘的選項。)
- assimilation ()
- contingency ()
- cultivation ()
- deviance ()
- institution ()
- monogamy ()
- operationalization ()
- prestige ()
- propaganda ()
- stratification ()
(A) power to act in a given situation
(B) a system of inequality based on ranking people or groups based on power, prestige, or wealth.
(C) an event that may but is not certain to occur; something not logically necessary
(D) the process of members in a subordinate group adopting aspects of a dominant group
(E) a violation of social or cultural norms.
(F) the spreading of ideas, information, or rumor for the purpose of helping or injuring an institution, a cause, or a person
(G) The socially recognized admiration, honor, or respect attached to certain roles and statuses.
(H) the dependence of a phenomenon on its environment
(I) A type of marriage or sexual relationship involving a singular, permanent partner.
(J) the process of transforming an abstract concept into a precise definition that is measurable and testable
(K) to foster the growth of
(L) a large-scale social arrangement that is stable and predictable, created and maintained to serve the needs of society
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本題考驗考生對社會學相關單字的理解與應用。考生需將單字與其最貼切的定義配對。
- assimilation: 指一個較弱勢的團體成員採納主導團體特徵的過程。此與 (D) 吻合。
- contingency: 指一個可能發生但並不確定的事件；非邏輯上必然的。此與 (C) 吻合。
- cultivation: 指培養、耕耘，意即促進成長。此與 (K) 吻合。
- deviance: 指違反社會或文化規範的行為。此與 (E) 吻合。
- institution: 指一個大型、穩定且可預測的社會結構，旨在滿足社會需求。此與 (L) 吻合。
- monogamy: 指一種涉及單一、永久伴侶的婚姻或性關係。此與 (I) 吻合。
第 二 (I) 2 題5 分
- Which word best fits the underlined '2'?
A. explanation
B. services
C. jobs
D. theories
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此題考驗考生對上下文的理解及詞彙的選擇。上下文提到：「The Korean questionnaire does not provide any 2 of 'sex-related entertainment'.」這句話是在比較不同國家問卷對「sex-related entertainment」的處理方式。前面提到日文問卷「specifies that sex-related entertainments mean erotic activities」，而韓文問卷則「does not provide any...」。這裡的「any」表示數量上的缺乏，需要填入一個名詞，表示韓文問卷沒有提供「性相關娛樂」的任何____。
第 二 (I) 3 題5 分
- Which word best fits the underlined '3'?
A. illustrate
B. write
C. visit
D. indicate
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此題考驗考生對上下文的理解及動詞的選擇。上下文提到：「Because most respondents were able to 3 the regions or countries where these people engaged in sex-related activities overseas, it shows a certain reliability of the first question asking respondents about their knowledge of FCNs having sex-related consumption overseas.」這句話是在說明問卷的可靠性。前面提到受訪者被問及親友鄰居進行性相關活動的國家或地區，並有五個選項。
第 二 (II) 5 題5 分
- Which of the following is covered in the above passage?
A. The CCP perceives the expansion of Chinese technology companies as a crucial component of its wider project of ideological and geopolitical expansion.
B. Technology is a key component of the Belt and Road Initiative, which is to be a vast global network of infrastructure intended to enable the flow of trade, people and ideas between China and the rest of the world.
C. Global consumers have demanded greater scrutiny of Chinese technology firms that facilitate human rights abuses in China and elsewhere.
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本題考驗考生對文章內容的細節理解。文章探討中國的科技發展及其在國際上的影響，特別是與數位威權主義的關聯。
選項分析：
A. 文章提到「China's ambitions to influence the international development of technological norms and standards」、「enhancing the 'global influence of internet companies like Alibaba, Tencent, Baidu [and] Huawei'」、「push China's proposition of internet governance toward becoming an international consensus」、「'cyberspace has become a new field of competition for global governance'」。
第 二 (II) 6 題5 分
- The paragraph following the above passages would most probably
A. the fact that the CCP committees within the tech companies make it difficult for these companies to be politically neutral actors
B. the case studies in which Chinese technology companies are aiding authoritarian regimes, undermining human rights and exerting political influence in regions around the world
C. an overview and assessment of Authoritarian Resilience Theory
D. further elaborating the definition of "Digital Democracy"
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本題考驗考生對文章結構和邏輯發展的預測能力。文章結尾描述了「數位威權主義的中國模式」正在全球擴散，以及科技被用於壓制、審查等。接下來的段落最有可能會延續這個主題，並提供更具體的例子或進一步的分析。
選項分析：
A. 文章已經提到了中國科技公司如何受到 CCP 的影響，並將其技術用於控制。雖然 CCP 委員會的確會影響公司，但這可能是一個較為細節的點，未必是下一個段落最可能的主題。
B. 文章最後一段提到「The 'China model' of digitally enabled authoritarianism is spreading well beyond China's borders. Increasingly, the use of technology for repression, censorship, internet shutdowns and the targeting of bloggers, journalists a
第 二 (II) 7 題5 分
- Which word best fits the underlined '7'?
A. invading
B. resisting
C. extending
D. owning
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此題考驗考生對上下文的理解及詞彙的選擇。上下文為：「The CCP recognizes the threat posed by an open internet to its grip on power—and, conversely, the opportunities that dominance over global cyberspace could offer by 7 that control.」這句話的意思是，中共意識到開放網路對其權力的威脅，反過來說，在掌握全球網路的同時，也提供了透過「____」這種控制來鞏固權力的機會。
第 二 (II) 8 題5 分
- Which word best fits the underlined '8'?
A. generating
B. campaigning
C. supervising
D. constraining
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此題考驗考生對上下文的理解及詞彙的選擇。上下文為：「Western technology firms have attracted heated criticism for making compromises in order to engage in the Chinese market, which often involves 8 free speech or potentially abetting human rights abuses.」這句話的意思是，西方科技公司為了進入中國市場，常因做出妥協而受到嚴厲批評，這些妥協「經常涉及____言論自由或可能助長人權侵犯」。