109 年 國立臺灣大學中國文學系碩士班《英文(A)》
第 1 題
- By nine in the morning the fake, country-wet freshness that somehow seeped in overnight ____ like the tail end of a sweet dream.
(A) evaporated
(B) executed
(C) entailed
(D) ensued
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本題考查動詞的辨義。題目描述了一種虛假的、潮濕的清新感,這種感覺在夜晚滲入,到了早上卻像甜美的夢的殘餘一樣消失了。
(A) evaporated:蒸發,消失。符合「消失」的語意。
(B) executed:執行,處決。
第 2 題
- In the early reform years, many small-scale entrepreneurial ventures were ____ by unemployed citizens.
(A) launched
(B) looped
(C) swaggered
(D) strolled
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本題考查動詞的辨義,與「小型創業企業」和「失業公民」的關係。
(A) launched:發起,啟動。小型創業企業常常被啟動或發起。
(B) looped:打結,循環。不符合語意。
第 3 題
- Predominantly uneducated and lacking cultural capital, these ____ were greeted by intellectuals with disdain.
(A) debris
(B) tentacles
(C) upstarts
(D) dignitaries
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本題考查名詞的辨義,需要填入一個詞來形容「這些人」,這些人「主要未受教育且缺乏文化資本」,並且「受到知識分子的鄙視」。
(A) debris:碎片,殘骸。指物體,不指人。
(B) tentacles:觸手。不指人。
(C) upstarts:暴發戶,新貴。
第 4 題
- The students were all ____ from the news that they had won all the lottery.
(A) rolling
(B) ricocheting
(C) rebounding
(D) reeling
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本題考查動詞的辨義,描述學生們聽到贏得樂透彩的「消息」後的反應。
(A) rolling:滾動。不符合語意。
(B) ricocheting:彈回,反彈。不符合語意。
第 5 題
- Situated at exactly 5,280 feet above sea level, Denver is the ____ Mile-High city, jam-packed with all the outdoor thrills one would expect of a mountain-based destination.
(A) unacceptable
(B) uncontested
(C) unsubstantiated
(D) unaffectionate
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本題考查形容詞的辨義,用來形容丹佛這個「海拔 5,280 英尺的高地城市」,這個城市充滿了戶外樂趣。
(A) unacceptable:不可接受的。不符合語意。
(B) uncontested:無可爭議的,不被反對的。
第 6 題
- The translator not only translates the text but recreates the ____ and tonality of the original work.
(A) coterie
(B) patrons
(C) simulations
(D) nuances
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本題考查名詞的辨義,描述翻譯者不僅翻譯文字,還重現了原作的「某種特質」和「語氣」。
(A) coterie:小圈子,集團。不符合語意。
(B) patrons:顧客,贊助人。不符合語意。
(C) simulations:模擬。
第 7 題
- A coherent waste and resources strategy is one that ____ reducing the environmental impact of the things we buy, not simply reducing plastic use.
(A) prioritizes
(B) exhilarates
(C) encloses
(D) abridges
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本題考查動詞的辨義,描述一個「連貫的廢棄物與資源策略」應該做什麼,而不是僅僅減少塑膠使用。
(A) prioritizes:將…列為優先,優先處理。一個好的策略應該「優先處理」減少我們購買物品對環境的影響。
第 8 題
- His direct, often abrasive approach will doubtless ____ a few feathers.
(A) dominate
(B) ruffle
(C) slam
(D) batter
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本題考查動詞的辨義,描述他「直接、通常粗魯的態度」會「惹惱」一些人。
(A) dominate:支配,控制。不符合語意。
(B) ruffle:弄皺,弄亂;(尤指)激怒,打擾。
第 9 題
- He soon fell asleep, but woke up with a ____ when his grandmother screamed with pain.
(A) start
(B) stomp
(C) steam
(D) strike
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本題考查名詞的辨義,描述他在聽到奶奶痛苦的尖叫聲時的反應。
(A) start:驚嚇,突然的動作。短語 "a sudden start" 或 "a start" 可以形容因驚嚇而產生的突然動作,非常符合語境。
第 10 題
- The strong typhoon made ____ on Monday evening, leading to flooding that caused a number of fatalities, including dozens of injuries.
(A) landowner
(B) landfill
(C) landmass
(D) landfall
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本題考查名詞的辨義,描述強烈颱風在週一晚上「登陸」,並導致洪水造成多人死亡和受傷。
(A) landowner:地主。不符合語意。
(B) landfill:垃圾掩埋場。不符合語意。
第 11 題
- A smoker may create smoke rings by taking smoke into their mouth and ____ it with a tongue flick, by closing the jaw, or producing a sudden burst of air with the lungs and throat.
(A) excruciating
(B) extinguishing
(C) expelling
(D) expunging
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本題考查動詞的辨義,描述吸煙者如何「呼出」煙圈。
(A) excruciating:極其痛苦的。不符合語意。
(B) extinguishing:熄滅。不符合語意。
第 12 題
- Kevin couldn't put the ____ novel down until he had finished it.
(A) compensating
(B) compelling
(C) compliant
(D) complacent
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本題考查形容詞的辨義,描述凱文「無法放下」一本「怎樣的」小說,直到他讀完。
(A) compensating:補償的。不符合語意。
(B) compelling:引人入勝的,強烈吸引人的。
第 13 題
- John felt really sad at the ____ reviews her debut book received.
(A) persistent
(B) benevolent
(C) auspicious
(D) withering
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本題考查形容詞的辨義,描述約翰「看到」關於他處女作的「怎樣的」評論時感到非常難過。
(A) persistent:持久的,堅持的。不符合語意。
(B) benevolent:仁慈的,善意的。不符合語意。
第 14 題
- Conservationists claim that overfishing, deforestation and new plans to build dams are jeopardizing this endangered species.
(A) haven
(B) plight
(C) fissure
(D) sanction
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本題考查名詞的辨義,描述過度捕撈、森林砍伐和築壩計畫正在危及「某種狀態」下的「瀕危物種」。
(A) haven:避難所,港灣。可以作為物種的棲息地,但這裡更強調物種面臨的困境。
第 15 題
- The toothless man came ____ up to them, pointing at an old boat bobbing in the water.
(A) debilitating
(B) revered
(C) ambling
(D) skimped
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本題考查動詞的辨義,描述一個「無牙的男人」走向「他們」,並指著一艘船。
(A) debilitating:使衰弱的。不符合語意。
(B) revered:被崇敬的。不符合語意。
(C) ambling:悠閒地散步,漫步。
第 16 題
- During the early years of the Cultural Revolution, dried mushrooms on dinner tables were an unheard-of luxury, ____.
(A) thinking pork chops
(B) pork chops thinkable
(C) pork chops unthinkable
(D) unthinkable pork chops
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本題考查形容詞和名詞的組合,描述文化大革命早期,餐桌上的乾香菇是「聞所未聞的奢侈品」,而「豬肉」則是...。
題目中提到「乾香菇」是「聞所未聞的奢侈品」,暗示當時食物極度匱乏。因此,與香菇相比,豬肉的狀況應該更糟。
(A) thinking pork chops:思考豬肉。無意義。
(B) pork chops thinkable:豬排可以想像。與奢侈品形成對比,但語意不順。
第 17 題
- The great snake was uncoiling itself rapidly, ____ out on to the floor. People throughout the reptile house screamed and started running for the exits.
(A) slithering
(B) slithered
(C) slither
(D) slithers
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本題考查分詞構句或動詞時態的用法。描述大蛇「快速地伸展身體」,然後「爬出」地板。
句子的前半部 "The great snake was uncoiling itself rapidly" 是過去進行式。後半部描述蛇爬出的動作,與「伸展身體」同時發生或緊接著發生,且是蛇主動進行的動作。
(A) slithering:現在分詞。可以作為分詞構句,修飾蛇的動作,表示「爬行著」伸展身體並爬出。
第 18 題
- Part-time jobs teach you a variety of invaluable skills, ____ include time-management, organization and communication skills, which many employers seek in a potential employee.
(A) some where
(B) where
(C) some of which
(D) of which
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本題考查關係代名詞的用法。空格後面的內容是「include time-management, organization and communication skills」,這是一個包含具體技能的列表。
空格需要連接前面提到的「invaluable skills」與後面的具體技能列表。
(A) some where:where 通常指地點,這裡不適用。
(B) where:同上。
第 19 題
- For the future well-being of our company, it is imperative that the CEO ____ now.
(A) resign
(B) resigning
(C) would resign
(D) be resigning
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本題考查虛擬語氣的用法。句首的 "it is imperative that..." 結構要求後面的從句使用虛擬語氣,即動詞原形(或 be + 原形)。
(A) resign:動詞原形。符合虛擬語氣的要求。
(B) resigning:現在分詞。不符合虛擬語氣。
第 20 題
- Susan will bring her best camera ____ the photographer forgets to show up at her parents' wedding anniversary.
(A) in case
(B) in case if
(C) in case when
(D) in such case
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本題考查連接詞的用法,表達「以防萬一」的意思。
(A) in case:以防,萬一。後面可以直接跟從句,表示「以防...發生」。
(B) in case if:語法錯誤,"in case" 和 "if" 通常不連用。
第 21 題
- The girl entered the room hesitantly, her arms ____ to her sides, her shoulders hunched; she looked both frightened and indifferent, like a captured bird.
(A) closes
(B) closing
(C) closed
(D) close
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本題考查分詞或形容詞用法,描述女孩進入房間時的狀態。
句子的結構是 "her arms ____ to her sides"。這裡需要一個詞來描述手臂的狀態。
(A) closes:動詞第三人稱單數。不符合語法。
(B) closing:現在分詞。可以表示「正在關閉」或「靠近」。如果表示「靠近」,則語意不通。
(C) closed:過去分詞。
第 22 題
- I prefer the poetry of this new professor, who relied heavily on images to evoke ideas, ____ who employed elaborate description and philosophy.
(A) to those of the old professor
(B) to that of the old professor
(C) than those of the old professor
(D) than that of the old professor
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本題考查比較級的用法。句首的 "I prefer the poetry of this new professor" 表明是在進行比較。
比較對象是「這位新教授的詩歌」和「那位老教授的詩歌」。
(A) to those of the old professor:"those" 指代複數名詞,而 "poetry" 是不可數名詞,不能用 "those"。
(B) to that of the old professor:"that" 指代單數名詞或不可數名詞。這裡 "that" 指代 "the poetry of the old professor"。 "Prefer A to B" 是標準的比較結構。
第 23 題
- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Sherwood Anderson, James Joyce, Ezra Pound, and Gertrude Stein are among those usually ____ influencing Hemingway's early writing.
(A) credited with
(B) credited for
(C) credited
(D) crediting
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本題考查慣用搭配。描述這些作家「通常被認為」對海明威早期寫作有影響。
(A) credited with:被認為有...,歸功於...。 "be credited with something" 是標準用法,表示「因某事而受到讚揚或認為有貢獻」。
(B) credited for:為...而受到讚揚。 "be credited for something" 也是標準用法,表示「因為某事而受到讚揚」。
第 24 題
- Neither the child nor the parents ____ able to resist the crushing force of the winter and eventually they moved away.
(A) is
(B) are
(C) was
(D) were
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本題考查主詞與動詞的單複數一致性。當主語是 "neither...nor..." 時,動詞的單複數取決於靠近動詞的名詞。
在這個句子中,"nor" 後面緊跟的是 "the parents","parents" 是複數名詞。
因此,動詞應該使用複數形式。
(A) is:單數。
(B) are:複數。
(C) was:單數過去式。
(D) were:複數過去式。
第 25 題
- You have the right to remain silent. Anything you say can, and will, be used against you in court of law. You have ____ an attorney. If you cannot afford one, one will be appointed to you.
(A) the right
(B) the right of
(C) the right with
(D) the right to
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核心觀念
本題考查固定搭配 the right to + 名詞/原形動詞,表示「做某事的權利」或「擁有某物的權利」。
句型為:
例如:
- have the right to remain silent:有保持沉默的權利
- have the right to an attorney:有聘請律師的權利
- have the right to vote:有投票的權利
題目中的 an attorney 是名詞片語,前面需要介系詞 to,形成 the right to an attorney。
解題方法
先辨認空格後的結構:
You have ____ an attorney.
空格後接名詞片語 an attorney,語意是「你有獲得律師協助的權利」。表示「對某人/某事的權利」時,使用固定搭配:
因此完整句子為:
You have the right to an attorney.
意思是「你有請律師的權利」。
選項分析
-
(A) the right
填入後為:
You have the right an attorney.
the right 後面不能直接接名詞 an attorney,缺少必要的介系詞 to,句型不完整,錯誤。
-
(B) the right of
第 26 題
- The lawyer emphasized the ill-treatment and threats that his client was ____ in the work environment, and the fact that his client would not be able to return to work after the incident.
(A) subject to
(B) subjecting to
(C) subjected to
(D) subjected
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本題考查被動語態的用法。描述律師強調他的客戶「遭受了」工作環境中的虐待和威脅。
(A) subject to:主動,意為「使...受到」。
(B) subjecting to:現在分詞,主動。
(C) subjected to:過去分詞,被動。
第 27 題
- Convicted sex offenders on the register are ____ residency restrictions, which prevent them from living near places where children congregate - like schools, parks and even bus stops.
(A) subject to
(B) subjecting to
(C) subjected to
(D) subjected
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本題考查被動語態和慣用搭配。描述註冊在案的性犯罪者「受到」居住限制。
(A) subject to:主動,意為「使...受到」。
(B) subjecting to:現在分詞,主動。
(C) subjected to:過去分詞,被動。
第 28 題
- According to the new manager, the boss has given us ____ work to do.
(A) yet
(B) yet more
(C) more yet
(D) as yet
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本題考查副詞的用法,描述老闆給了我們「更多的」工作。
(A) yet:還,仍然。常用於否定句或疑問句。
(B) yet more:更多的。這是 "more" 的一個強調形式,表示「還有更多」。
第 29 題
- Her performance is a combination of grace and fury, ____ athleticism, and enchanting artistry.
(A) jaw-dropping
(B) jaw-drop
(C) dropping-jaw
(D) drop-jaw
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本題考查形容詞的用法,描述她的表演結合了優雅、憤怒、令人驚嘆的運動能力和迷人的藝術性。
(A) jaw-dropping:驚人的,令人瞠目結舌的。這是標準的複合形容詞,用來形容「運動能力」非常出色。
第 30 題
- The much beloved athlete's long-term popularity was as great, ____, outside his own country.
(A) if not
(B) if not greater
(C) greater if not
(D) greater not
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本題考查慣用搭配,用於加強語氣,表示「甚至可能更大」。
句子的結構是 "as great, ____, outside his own country"。
(A) if not:如果不是的話。常用於 "as great if not greater" 的結構中,但單獨使用在這裡語意不完整。
第 31 題
- The Ring of Fire, also referred to as the Circum-Pacific Belt, is a path ____ the Pacific Ocean characterized by active volcanoes and frequent earthquakes.
(A) along
(B) alone
(C) align
(D) alive
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本題考查介詞的用法,描述「環太平洋火山帶」是「沿著」太平洋的一條路徑。
(A) along:沿著。表示位置或路徑,非常符合語意。
(B) alone:獨自,單獨。
第 32 題
- The ____ of volcanoes and earthquakes along the Ring of Fire is caused by the amount of movement of tectonic plates in the area.
(A) concordance
(B) attendance
(C) impedance
(D) abundance
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本題考查名詞的辨義,描述「環太平洋火山帶」上火山和地震的「數量」是由板塊運動引起的。
(A) concordance:一致,和諧。不符合語意。
(B) attendance:出席,到場。不符合語意。
第 33 題
- Along much of the Ring of Fire, plates overlap at ____ boundaries called subduction zones.
(A) intransigent
(B) negligent
(C) convergent
(D) stringent
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本題考查形容詞的辨義,描述板塊在「怎樣的」邊界處重疊,這些邊界被稱為「俯衝帶」。
(A) intransigent:不妥協的,固執的。不符合板塊運動的描述。
(B) negligent:疏忽的,不注意的。
第 34 題
- That is, the plate that is underneath is pushed down, or subducted, by the plate above. As rock is subducted, it melts and becomes magma. The magma so near to Earth's surface gives rise to conditions ____ for volcanic activity.
(A) rope
(B) cape
(C) ripe
(D) pipe
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本題考查形容詞的辨義,描述岩石被俯衝後熔化成岩漿,靠近地表的岩漿「為」火山活動創造了「怎樣的」條件。
(A) rope:繩子。不符合語意。
(B) cape:岬,披肩。不符合語意。
(C) ripe:成熟的,適宜的。
第 35 題
- This type of boundary generates a large number of earthquakes as ____ in Earth's crust builds up and is released.
(A) illusion
(B) tension
(C) depression
(D) admission
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本題考查名詞的辨義,描述板塊橫向移動時,地殼中「某種力的累積」導致大量地震。
(A) illusion:幻覺。不符合語意。
(B) tension:張力,拉力。
第 36 題
- Altruism is acting out of ____ for another's well-being.
(A) conduit
(B) concern
(C) convict
(D) contour
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本題考查名詞的辨義,定義「利他主義」。
(A) conduit:管道,導管。不符合語意。
(B) concern:關心,關切。利他主義是「出於對他人福祉的關心」。
第 37 題
- Often, people behave altruistically when they see others in desperate ____ and a desire to help.
(A) telepathy
(B) antipathy
(C) apathy
(D) empathy
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本題考查名詞的辨義,描述人們在看到他人處於「某種困境」時會表現出利他行為。
(A) telepathy:心靈感應。不符合語意。
(B) antipathy:反感,厭惡。與「幫助」的動機相反。
第 38 題
- "Reciprocal altruism" is a term used by evolutionary biologists and psychologists to characterize the decision to help with an expectation that one will receive some benefit or ____ to oneself.
(A) payoff
(B) standoff
(C) blastoff
(D) layoff
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本題考查名詞的辨義,解釋「互惠利他主義」。
(A) payoff:回報,收益。互惠利他主義是指幫助他人,期望自己也能獲得「回報」。
(B) standoff:僵局,對峙。
第 39 題
- Many species benefit when individual organisms ____ personal costs and act in service of the larger group.
(A) disregard
(B) dispend
(C) dismay
(D) disrupt
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本題考查動詞的辨義,描述許多物種如何透過個體「不顧」個人成本來服務更大的群體而獲益。
(A) disregard:不顧,無視。表示個體「不顧」個人成本,將群體利益置於首位。
(B) dispend:花費,消耗。
第 40 題
- There are likely many factors that underlie altruistic tendencies, though research suggests that people who are more grounded in the present and people who have fewer resources may be more ____ to acts of altruism.
(A) profound
(B) proof
(C) prone
(D) proper
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本題考查形容詞的辨義,描述某些人可能「更容易」表現出利他傾向。
(A) profound:深刻的。不符合語意。
(B) proof:證據,證明。不符合語意。
(C) prone:傾向於...的,易於...的。
第 41 題
- Scorched-earth tactics and chemical warfare ____ particular threats to flora and fauna.
(A) pose
(B) poise
(C) paste
(D) probe
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本題考查動詞的辨義,描述「焦土戰術和化學戰」對動植物構成了「怎樣的」威脅。
(A) pose:構成,造成(威脅、危險等)。 "pose a threat" 是標準搭配。
第 42 題
- But when the conflict ends, ceasefires are agreed, and troops ____, unexpected sanctuaries for wildlife can appear in their ____.
(A) retrace
(B) retard
(C) retreat
(D) retract
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本題考查動詞的辨義。當衝突結束,停火協議達成,軍隊「撤離」後,意想不到的野生動物庇護所就出現了。
(A) retrace:追溯,回顧。不符合語意。
(B) retard:延遲,阻礙。
第 43 題
- But when the conflict ends, ceasefires are agreed, and troops retreat, unexpected sanctuaries for wildlife can appear in their ____.
(A) wake
(B) wire
(C) will
(D) wage
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本題考查慣用搭配。當軍隊撤退後,意想不到的庇護所出現在他們「之後」或「他們撤離的區域」。
"In their wake" 意為「在某人或某事離去後留下的地方或產生的後果」,非常適合描述軍隊撤退後,原先被佔據的區域變成了野生動物的庇護所。
第 44 題
- "We call the region an accidental paradise," says Seung-ho Lee, president of the DMZ Forum, a group that campaigns to protect the area's ecological and cultural ____.
(A) withdrawal
(B) heritage
(C) deputy
(D) tenure
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本題考查名詞的辨義,描述 DMZ 論壇致力於保護該地區的「生態和文化」的「某種東西」。
(A) withdrawal:撤退,提款。不符合語意。
(B) heritage:遺產。
第 45 題
- The DMZ is home to more than 5,000 species, 106 of which have protected status. White-naped cranes and black-faced spoonbills are among the rarer species to seek ____ there, among the minefields and abandoned towns.
(A) confection
(B) canopy
(C) reflex
(D) refuge
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本題考查名詞的辨義,描述白頸鶴和黑臉琵鷺等稀有物種在 DMZ 地區尋找「什麼」。
(A) confection:糖果,點心。不符合語意。
(B) canopy:樹冠層。不符合語意。
第 46 題
- Which of the following could be the title for this article?
(A) Is lab-grown meat part of our future diet?
(B) Lab-grown meat will replace slaughtered animals in 2040.
(C) Problems with lab-grown meat.
(D) People's reaction to lab-grown meat today.
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本文主要探討了實驗室培養肉的發展、潛力、市場前景以及人們對其的接受度。
(A) Is lab-grown meat part of our future diet?:這個標題涵蓋了文章討論的關鍵問題,即實驗室培養肉的未來地位。
(B) Lab-grown meat will replace slaughtered animals in 2040.:這是一個過於絕對的預測,文章只是提到 AT Kearney 預測到 2040 年 60% 的肉類消費將是如此,並非全部取代。
第 47 題
- According to the article, which of the following statements is TRUE?
(A) The first lab-grown meat was developed by NASA for astronauts.
(B) By 2040, all meat will be produced in the lab environment.
(C) Human beings hate the unnecessary evil of killing animals.
(D) Just is one of the companies that have been devoted to the development of lab-grown meat.
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本題要求找出文章中正確的敘述。
(A) The first lab-grown meat was developed by NASA for astronauts.:文章提到「The following year, Nasa began funding research into growing meat from turkey cells so its astronauts could enjoy a Thanksgiving dinner in space.」這表示 NASA 是「資助」了相關研究,但並未說明是「第一個」開發的。第一個是 2000 年的魚排。
(B) By 2040, all meat will be produced in the lab environment.:文章提到「60 percent of all meat consumed globally would not come from slaughtered animals.」,而非「全部」。
第 48 題
- Which of the following words can be used to replace the blank in the first paragraph?
(A) revolting
(B) vying
(C) vanishing
(D) wiggling
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本題要求找出最適合填入第一段空格的詞。空格出現在「That race is now entering its final lap, with the front runners predicting they could have cultured meat on restaurant menus by the end of this year, once a regulatory framework is agreed upon. "Step one is producing products like nuggets, ground chicken and ground beef; that's the way to think about the path of cultured meats," explains Joshua Tetrick, chief executive of San Francisco's Just, Inc. After successfully finding a plant-based alternative to the conventional egg in the form of a scramb
第 49 題
- Which of the following statements can replace the long blank at the end of the article?
(A) companies such as Just believe that investment could come from countries with both the capital and a vested interest in food security
(B) a survey is not the same as putting it on a menu or in a grocery store - that's totally different
(C) there's a real opportunity to make this a big thing
(D) these changing diets have forced the food industry's hand, with more vegan options than ever before, particularly when it comes to the rapidly growing business of mock meat
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本題要求找出最適合填入文章最後一段長空格的敘述。最後一段的最後一句話是 Tetrick 說的:「"There have been a lot of surveys done, and people are seemingly becoming more accepting," he adds, "but ____ "」。 Tetrick 接著說:「"The problem with cultured meat is it's just hypothetical for the most part right now," says Tetrick.」
空格前的內容是人們越來越接受,但 Tetrick 認為問題在於目前仍是「假設性的」。
(A) companies such as Just believe that investment could come from countries with both the capital and a vested interest in food security:與 Tetrick 所說的「問題」關聯不大。
第 50 題
- Which of the following best describes the tone of the last paragraph?
(A) sarcastic
(B) nervous
(C) optimistic
(D) skeptical
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本題考查對文章最後一段語氣的判斷。
最後一段討論了實驗室培養肉的未來市場份額、潛力,但也提到了「問題」,例如「目前很大程度上只是假設性的」、「人們對吃由科學家在實驗室裡培養的肉的概念感到非常陌生」。儘管 Tetrick 提到「人們似乎越來越接受」,但他緊接著說「但是...」,並強調了「假設性」的問題。
(A) sarcastic:諷刺的。文章沒有明顯的諷刺意味。