114 年 國立政治大學法律學系碩士班財經法組《英文》

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第 1 題

Bicycles are ________ in this town. Wherever you go, you can see one riding a bicycle.
(A) ubiquitous
(B) anonymous
(C) dangerous
(D) preposterous

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考查單字語意辨識。題目描述「無論你走到哪裡,都能看到騎自行車的人」,意指自行車在這個城鎮非常普遍。
(A) ubiquitous 意為「無處不在的;普遍的」,符合語意。

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第 2 題

The website of this school is under ________. Computer engineers are working on it.
(A) destruction
(B) construction
(C) depletion
(D) destitution

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考查單字語意辨識。題目提到「電腦工程師正在處理」,暗示網站正在被建立或維護中。
(A) destruction 意為「破壞;毀滅」。
(B) construction 意為「建造;建設」。
(C) depletion 意為「消耗;枯竭」。

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第 3 題

Samuel is a ________ salesperson. He can easily persuade customers to buy clothes in his store.
(A) pitiable
(B) dishonest
(C) skillful
(D) abandoned

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考查單字語意辨識。題目描述 Samuel「能輕易說服顧客購買衣服」,這顯示他是一位有技巧的銷售人員。
(A) pitiable 意為「可憐的」。
(B) dishonest 意為「不誠實的」。

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第 4 題

She has been working ________ for three months, because she needs to take a potentially life-changing exam in March.
(A) haphazardly
(B) angrily
(C) carelessly
(D) diligently

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考查副詞語意辨識。題目提到她需要準備一個「潛力改變人生的考試」,這表示她在工作上會非常努力。
(A) haphazardly 意為「雜亂無章地」。
(B) angrily 意為「生氣地」。

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第 5 題

The actor tries to ________ difficult questions during a press conference. He does not answer the questions directly.
(A) promote
(B) evade
(C) congratulate
(D) consist

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考查動詞語意辨識。題目描述演員在記者會上「沒有直接回答問題」,而是試圖迴避。
(A) promote 意為「促進;推廣」。
(B) evade 意為「迴避;逃避」。

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第 6 題

This paragraph appears ________ in your essay. It is unnecessary to put this paragraph in your essay. I suggest that you delete it.
(A) transparent
(B) brilliant
(C) redundant
(D) wealthy

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考查單字語意辨識。題目提到「這個段落不必要放在你的文章裡」,並建議「刪掉它」,這表示這個段落是多餘的。
(A) transparent 意為「透明的」。
(B) brilliant 意為「聰明的;

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第 7 題

In this country, nursing used to be a profession ________ by women. Almost all nurses were women. But now we can see many male nurses.
(A) revised
(B) transported
(C) reduced
(D) dominated

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考查單字語意辨識。題目描述過去護理行業「幾乎所有護士都是女性」,但現在男性護士也變多了。這表示過去護理行業主要由女性掌控或主導。
(A) revised 意為「修改過的」。

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第 8 題

This high school is very ________. Believing that they can benefit a lot from studying there, many students consider it their top choice.
(A) disgraceful
(B) prestigious
(C) immoral
(D) administrative

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考查單字語意辨識。題目提到「許多學生認為它是首選,因為相信在那裡學習能獲益良多」,這表示這所高中聲譽卓著、備受推崇。
(A) disgraceful 意為「可恥的」。
(B) prestigious 意為「有聲望的;

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第 9 題

Rubbish is ________. It makes an otherwise beautiful place look very ugly.
(A) underdeveloped
(B) unfair
(C) unanimous
(D) unsightly

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考查單字語意辨識。題目描述「垃圾」讓一個原本美麗的地方看起來很醜陋。
(A) underdeveloped 意為「發展不足的」。
(B) unfair 意為「不公平的」。

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第 10 題

We have been lagging behind our competitors. But if we work harder, we can ________ and outperform them in due course.
(A) overtake
(B) overestimate
(C) overdose
(D) overdraw

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考查動詞語意辨識。題目提到「我們一直落後於競爭對手」,但如果更努力,我們將能夠「超越」並最終「勝過」他們。
(A) overtake 意為「追上;超越」。

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第 11 題

Extreme weather has created a humanitarian ________ in this region. Many people have no food to eat and no clean water to drink.
(A) coalition
(B) alliance
(C) crisis
(D) duration

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考查名詞語意辨識。題目描述「極端天氣」導致該地區出現「人道主義」問題,許多人沒有食物和乾淨的水。
(A) coalition 意為「聯盟」。

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第 12 題

She is always ready to ________ new technology. She is never afraid of learning how to operate new machines.
(A) ridicule
(B) despise
(C) displace
(D) embrace

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考查動詞語意辨識。題目描述她「從不害怕學習操作新機器」,這表示她樂於接受新科技。
(A) ridicule 意為「嘲笑」。
(B) despise 意為「鄙視」。

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第 13 題

Workers in this factory go on ________ to protest against unfair treatment. They decide not to work until their complaint is properly addressed by their employers.
(A) stroke
(B) stew
(C) strike
(D) strict

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考查名詞語意辨識。題目描述工人們為了抗議不公平待遇而「決定不工作」,直到他們的抱怨被處理。
(A) stroke 意為「擊,觸;(中風)」。
(B) stew 意為「燉煮;

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第 14 題

These two countries have signed a ________ peace treaty. They both agree that they should put an end to the devastating war.
(A) unilateral
(B) bilateral
(C) crippling
(D) irrelevant

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考查單字語意辨識。題目提到「這兩個國家」簽訂了和平條約,並同意結束戰爭。
(A) unilateral 意為「單方面的」。
(B) bilateral 意為「雙方的」。

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第 15 題

Children are especially ________ to this disease. Their immune systems are not strong enough to protect them from this disease.
(A) persistent
(B) deplorable
(C) edible
(D) vulnerable

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考查單字語意辨識。題目指出「兒童的免疫系統不夠強壯,無法保護他們免受這種疾病的侵害」,這表示兒童對這種疾病比較容易受到影響。
(A) persistent 意為「堅持不懈的」。

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第 16 題

Identify the correct sentence:
(A) The teacher suggested that the student would submit his assignment early.
(B) I wish I know how to solve this equation.
(C) Were she to accept the offer, it would change her life.
(D) If he will come tomorrow, we can discuss the project.

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考查正確的英語句子結構與時態。
(A) "suggest" 後面若接名詞子句,動詞應使用虛擬語氣 (should + 原形動詞) 或直接用原形動詞(英式英語),而非 would。正確應為 "The teacher suggested that the student submit his assignment early." 或 "The teacher suggested that the student should submit his assignment early."

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第 17 題

Identify the correct sentence:
(A) Having completed the project, the deadline was extended.
(B) While walking to school, a dog barked at me.
(C) To win the competition, practice is essential.
(D) Having been delayed by traffic, he arrived late.

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考查分詞構句與句子結構的正確性。
(A) "Having completed the project" 是現在完成分詞構句,其主詞應為句子的主詞。這裡的主詞是 "the deadline",但完成專案的是人,而非截止日期。邏輯上不通。
(B) "While walking to school" 是現在分詞構句,其主詞應為句子的主詞。這裡的主詞是 "a dog",但散步的是人,而非狗。邏輯上不通。

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第 18 題

Identify the correct sentence:
(A) By the time he arrived, the show already ended.
(B) If I knew the answer, I would have told you.
(C) The team has been practicing for two hours when it started raining.
(D) By next year, she will have completed her degree.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查「時態與時間副詞片語的搭配」,重點包括:

  1. 過去完成式:had+p.p.had + p.p.
    表示在過去某一時間之前已完成的動作。

  2. 過去完成進行式:hadbeen+V-inghad been + V\text{-}ing
    表示某動作持續進行至過去某一時間點。

  3. 未來完成式:willhave+p.p.will have + p.p.
    表示在未來某一時間之前將已完成的動作。

  4. 條件句時態搭配:

    • 第二類條件句:If+過去式, would+原形動詞If + 過去式,\ would + 原形動詞
    • 第三類條件句:If+had+p.p., wouldhave+p.p.If + had + p.p.,\ would have + p.p.

解題方法

先找出各選項中的時間提示與主要動作,再判斷兩個動作之間的先後關係:

  • By the time 表示「截至某個時間為止」,前面的動作通常需使用完成式。
  • when + 過去式 若表示過去某一時間點,先發生且持續中的動作通常使用過去完成進行式。
  • By next year 表示「截至明年」,應搭配未來完成式。
  • 條件句則須檢查「條件」與「結果」的時態是否一致。

選項分析

(A) By the time he arrived, the show already ended.

錯誤。

句中 he arrived 是過去式,表示「他抵達」發生在過去某一時間點;「表演結束」則是在他抵達之前已完成,因此應使用過去完成式:

By the time he arrived, the show had already ended.By\ the\ time\ he\ arrived,\ the\ show\ had\ already\ ended.

正確句為:

By the time he arrived, the show had already ended.


(B) If I knew the answer, I would have told you.

錯誤。

本題句意是「如果我知道答案,我早就告訴你了」,結果 would have told 表示過去未發生的結果,因此條件子句應使用第三類條件句的形式:

If+had+p.p., would have+p.p.If + had + p.p.,\ would\ have + p.p.

正確句為:

If I had known the answer, I would have told you.

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第 19 題

Identify the correct sentence:
(A) He accused her for stealing his phone.
(B) She insisted to join the meeting despite her illness.
(C) They succeeded in persuading the board to reconsider.
(D) He is addicted with video games.

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考查介詞搭配與動詞用法。
(A) "accuse" 後面接受詞,應搭配介詞 "of",而非 "for"。正確應為 "He accused her of stealing his phone."
(B) "insist" 後面若接動名詞,應為 "insisting on",若接子句,則用虛擬語氣。此處 "insisted to join" 錯誤。

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第 20 題

Identify the correct sentence:
(A) She likes dancing, singing, and to paint.
(B) He is not only talented but also hardworking.
(C) They are either going to the movies or stay home.
(D) The report is neither accurate nor clarity.

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考查平行結構與慣用語法。
(A) "likes" 後面接的動名詞應保持平行。 "dancing" 和 "singing" 是動名詞,但 "to paint" 是不定詞。應改為 "painting"。正確為 "She likes dancing, singing, and painting."
(B) "not only... but also..." 是對等連接詞,連接的兩項應為相同詞性或結構。這裡連接 "talented" (形容詞) 和 "hardworking" (形容詞),結構平行且用法正確。

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第 21 題

Choose the correct sentence:
(A) Let's meet at six o'clock, shall we?
(B) Let's meet at six o'clock, will we?
(C) Let's meet at six o'clock, can we?
(D) Let's meet at six o'clock, won't we?

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考查附加問句 (tag question) 的用法。
"Let's..." 是建議句,表示「讓我們一起做某事」。對於這類句子,附加問句通常使用 "shall we?" 來徵求對方同意或邀請。

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第 22 題

Choose the correct sentence:
(A) The teacher demanded that he submitted his assignment.
(B) John, along with his friends, is coming.
(C) Had he been there, he would know the truth.
(D) He acted as if he would be the winner.

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考查動詞時態、虛擬語氣及句子結構。
(A) "demand" 後面接 that 子句時,子句中的動詞應使用虛擬語氣 (should + 原形動詞) 或直接用原形動詞(英式用法)。"submitted" (過去式) 錯誤。正確應為 "The teacher demanded that he submit his assignment." 或 "The teacher demanded that he should submit his assignment."
(B) "along with his friends" 是介詞片語,不影響句子的主詞。句子的主詞是 "John" (單數),所以動詞應為單數形式。 "is coming" 是單數現在進行式,用法正確。
(C) 此句為虛擬語氣的倒裝句,表示與過去事實相反的假設(他當時沒在場)。結構 "Had + 主詞 + p.p." 是正確的。但其結果子句 "he would know the truth" 表示與現在事實相反的結果,這是一個混合時態的假設語氣。

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第 23 題

Identify the error:

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這一題的完整詳解

此題為獨立的「辨識錯誤」題型,但題目本身並未提供任何句子或選項。

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第 24 題

No sooner the bell rang than the students ran out.
(A) No
(B) the bell rang
(C) than
(D) ran out

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考查 "no sooner...than..." 的正確句型。
"No sooner...than..." 是一個固定的連接詞片語,表示「一...就...」。其結構是:No sooner + had + 主詞 + p.p. + than + 主詞 + 過去簡單式。
題目中的句子 "No sooner the bell rang than the students ran out." 缺少了助動詞 "had"。

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第 25 題

Identify the error:
Despite the players complained about the rain and some fans left early, the match continued.
(A) Despite
(B) about
(C) some
(D) continued

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考查 "Despite" 的用法及句子結構。
"Despite" 是介詞,後面應接名詞、名詞片語或動名詞。它不能直接接子句 (主詞+動詞)。
題目中的 "Despite the players complained about the rain...","the players complained" 是一個子句。
因此,"Despite" 的用法錯誤。
正確的表達方式有兩種:

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第 26 題

According to this article, what do children learn when they clean their classrooms?
(A) They learn to help their classmates.
(B) They learn not to make a mess.
(C) They learn to respect the caretaker and to think that cleaning the classrooms is their duty.
(D) All of the above

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這一題的完整詳解

本題為閱讀理解題,需根據文章內容回答。
文章提到:「By cleaning, children learn not to make a mess in the first place, says Kohashiguchi Megumi, the teacher. They also learn to be egalitarian: no, "Oh the caretaker will clean it up later."」
從這段話可以看出:

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第 27 題

According to this article, why is scolding often unnecessary in Japanese schools?
(A) Because many Japanese students are afraid of punishment
(B) Because many Japanese students have already considered following rules an essential part of their belief
system
(C) Because many Japanese teachers are kind
(D) Because many Japanese teachers consider scolding ineffective

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這一題的完整詳解

本題為閱讀理解題,需根據文章內容回答。
文章提到:「Schools in Japan today still strive to build character. They stress discipline and responsibility to others, says Nakano Koichi, a political scientist. Group harmony trumps individualism. Authority is important. Rules are internalised, so that scolding is unnecessary.」

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第 28 題

According to this article, what is the possible reason why Singapore requires its students to clean their classrooms?
(A) Because Singapore wants to build up the moral character of its students
(B) Because Singapore wants to improve the academic performance of its students
(C) Because Singapore is interested in international trade
(D) Because Singapore wants to distance itself from Mongolia

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這一題的完整詳解

本題為閱讀理解題,需根據文章內容回答。
文章提到:「In the 1970s and 80s scholars looked to Japan for ideas about how to improve kids' test scores. Now, foreign visitors are more interested in how Japanese schools promote character. Countries from Mongolia to Malaysia have talked to Japan's government about this, says Sugita Hiroshi, a former education official now at Kokugakuin U

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第 29 題

According to this article, which of the following statement is true?
(A) Parents in Japan encourage their children to become leaders.
(B) Parents in America emphasizes the ability of their children to interact with others harmoniously.
(C) Japanese mothers know what their children need before they express it.
(D) Children in America tend to have close relationships with their mothers.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查閱讀理解中的「細節辨識」與「跨文化教養觀念比較」。解題重點是辨認文章對日本與美國親子關係的描述,尤其注意:

  • 日本母親能敏銳察覺子女尚未明說的需求。
  • 美國教養較重視子女的獨立性與主動表達。
  • 選項若把兩國的教養特色對調,便屬錯誤。

題目未附完整閱讀文章,以下依各選項所對應的文章內容與標準命題脈絡判定。

解題方法

先將選項分成兩組:

  1. 日本父母或母親的教養方式:A、C。
  2. 美國父母或子女的特徵:B、D。

再對照文章的核心對比。文章應指出,日本母親與子女間具有高度的默契,母親往往在子女開口表達前,就能理解其需要;美國教養則較強調獨立、明確表達與人際互動。

因此,直接尋找符合「日本母親能預先理解子女需求」的選項即可。

選項分析

(A) Parents in Japan encourage their children to become leaders.

錯誤。此選項宣稱日本父母鼓勵子女成為領導者,將日本教養描述為強調領導能力。文章重點應在日本母親與子女間的默契及依附關係,並非培養領導者,因此不符合文章內容。

(B) Parents in America emphasizes the ability of their children to interact with others harmoniously.

錯誤。此選項的主要問題是內容與文章對美國教養的描述不符。美國父母較重視子女的獨立、自主及自我表達,而非以與他人和諧互動作為此處的核心特色。

此外,文法上主詞為複數的 “Parents”,動詞應使用 “emphasize”,不能使用 “emphasizes”。正確形式為:

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第 30 題

What is the best title for this article?
(A) Japanese Economic Prosperity
(B) Japanese Democracy
(C) The Japanese Art of Child-Rearing
(D) A Famous Japanese Baseball Player

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這一題的完整詳解

本題為閱讀理解題,需為文章選擇最佳標題。
文章主要探討日本的教育方式,特別是小學生的日常活動(如打掃教室)如何培養品格、紀律、責任感和群體和諧。文章也比較了日本與美國在育兒觀念上的差異。
(A) 經濟繁榮 (Japanese Economic Prosperity) 並非文章主旨。

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第 31 題

What is the main idea of this article?
(A) How to use social media appropriately
(B) How to write about happiness
(C) How to develop a habit of reading regularly
(D) How to purchase a good book

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這一題的完整詳解

本題為閱讀理解題,需找出文章的主旨。
文章開頭提到作者研究並撰寫關於「幸福」的文章,並詢問人們的新年決心。接著,作者發現許多人表示「想多閱讀」。作者強調閱讀的好處,但更重要的是,他自己閱讀是因為「有趣」。文章後半部探討如何將「想多閱讀」這個願望轉化為實際行動,建議「每天至少閱讀 25 分鐘」,並說明這樣做能幫助養成習慣。
(A) 如何適當使用社群媒體,文章未提及。

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第 32 題

According to this article, in what ways can we benefit from reading?
(A) Reading isolates us from other people.
(B) Reading gives us strong bodies.
(C) Reading gives us the ability to endure uncertainty.
(D) All of the above

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這一題的完整詳解

本題為閱讀理解題,需根據文章內容找出閱讀的益處。
文章提到:「Research shows that reading benefits mental health, gives us more empathy for others, mitigates stress, sharpens memory, helps us learn, and increases our tolerance for uncertainty (particularly useful these days). One study even s

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第 33 題

What does the underlined word "spark" mean in this article?
(A) to prevent something from happening
(B) to cause something to start
(C) to deny something
(D) to investigate something

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考查單字 "spark" 在文中的意思。
文章中提到:「Like brushing our teeth, reading can become a daily activity that doesn't spark any internal debate or procrastination.」
這裡的 "spark" 是動詞,意指「引起;激發」。

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第 34 題

Which of the following statements about the author's reading experience is true?
(A) The author reads books because reading is a healthy activity.
(B) The author never reads the same book again.
(C) The author does not read on a Saturday.
(D) The author has read everything written by Octavia Butler.

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這一題的完整詳解

本題為閱讀理解題,需根據文章內容判斷作者的閱讀經驗。
文章提到:「But, to be honest, while I'm gratified to know that my favorite activity is good for me, I don't really care that it's healthy. I read because it's fun.」
(A) 作者明確表示,雖然知道閱讀健康,但「不真的在乎它是否健康」。他閱讀是因為「有趣」。所以 (A) 錯誤。

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第 35 題

Which of the following statements about keeping resolutions is true?
(A) A vague resolution is better than a concrete one.
(B) Repeating the same action everyday does not help us keep our resolution.
(C) If you can do a thing at any time, it is likely that you will never do it.
(D) None of the above

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這一題的完整詳解

本題為閱讀理解題,需根據文章內容判斷關於維持決心的敘述哪個為真。
文章提到:「We're more likely to keep our resolutions when they're concrete and measurable. "No screens 6:00-9:00 p.m." works better than "reduce my screen time."」
(A) 文章明確指出「當決心具體且可衡量時,我們更有可能遵守」。因此 (A) 錯誤。

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第 IV. Essay 題30 分

IV. Essay. (30%)
Some scientists have contended that we should NOT explore the possibility of contacting intelligent life forms on other planets. Write an approximately 300-word essay divided into two paragraphs. In the first paragraph, discuss the possible reasons why they advocate for this position. In the second paragraph, state whether you agree with this position and provide your reasoning.

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這一題的完整詳解

此部分為寫作題,要求考生就「不應探索與外星智慧生命接觸的可能性」此一觀點,撰寫一篇約 300 字的雙段式英文短文。
第一段:討論科學家們主張此立場的可能原因。
第二段:表達作者是否同意此立場,並提出理由。

此為寫作題,沒有標準答案,評分重點在於論點的清晰度、組織結構、英文表達能力(文法、詞彙、語句流暢度)以及論證的邏輯性。

以下為可能的寫作方向與論點,僅供參考:

Paragraph 1: Reasons for not exploring contact with extraterrestrial intelligence

  • The "Dark Forest" Hypothesis: Drawing from science fiction, some argue that the universe might be a dangerous place. Any civilization that reveals its presence risks being attacked or destroyed by more advanced or hostile civilizations, similar to a dark forest where predators lurk. Therefore, remaining silent and hidden is the safest strategy for survival.
  • Unknown Risks and Unforeseen Consequences: We have no way of knowing the nature or intentions of extraterrestrial intelligence. They could be indifferent, benevolent, or malevolent. Contact could lead to unintended biological contamination (diseases), cultural disruption, or even subjugation. The potential risks are enormous and unpredictable.
  • Ethical Considerations: Some argue that we have no right to interfere with or potentially harm alien civilizations, especially if they are less technologically advanced. Conversely, revealing ourselves might expose humanity to dangers we are not equipped to handle. It's a matter of prudence and self-preservation.
  • Resource Allocation: The resources (financial, scientific, technological) required for such exploration and potential contact could be better spent addressing pressing issues on Earth, such as climate change, poverty, and disease.

Paragraph 2: Agreement/Disagreement and Reasoning

  • Agreement:
    • "I agree with the scientists who advocate for caution. The potential risks associated with contacting unknown extraterrestrial civilizations are simply too great to ignore. Our current understanding of the universe and the nature of alien life is extremely limited. The 'Dark Forest' theory, while speculative, highlights a plausible danger: revealing our existence could invite de
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