111 年 國立中山大學機械與機電工程學系碩士班戊組《科技英文》

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第 1 題

Soft robots are just that: soft. They're created from malleable, changeable materials like silicone
elastomers and hydraulic fluidics that have a greater range of motion than traditional robotic devices.
This side of robotics draws inspiration from nature-a line of study called biomemetics. Soft robots
can move as some animals, for instance scurrying sidewise or climbing up a wall.
Because soft robots offer a huge potential to the robotics community, the study of pliant, elastic robots
is also experiencing rapid development.
Advancements in robotics take place every day as the field grows, matures, and develops products over
a wide range of industries. Soft robots are not there yet. Their development hinges on materials that
can be folded, stretched, or otherwise formed into different lengths, widths and shapes. The potential
of pliant, elastic robots is great and researchers are building myriad examples that may eventually find
their way into medicine, manufacturing, aeronautics and other industries.

Please translate the following terms into Chinese (3% for each)
malleable
(A)
silicone elastomers
(B)
draws inspiration
(C)
community
(D)
pliant
(E)
Advancements
(F)
matures
(G)
hinges
(H)
myriad examples
(I)
eventually
(J)

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考查對英文單字的理解與中譯能力。考生需根據上下文及單字本身的意思,將英文單字或片語翻譯成中文。

解題步驟:

  1. 閱讀文章,理解上下文: 文章主要介紹軟性機器人的特性、發展潛力以及與傳統機器人的區別,並提及軟性機器人的發展受到仿生學(biomimetics)的啟發。
  2. 逐一翻譯單字或片語:
    • (A) malleable: 文章中提到 "malleable, changeable materials",指其材料是可塑的、可變的。因此,"malleable" 應翻譯為「可塑的」或「易變形的」。
    • (B) silicone elastomers: 文章中提到 "silicone elastomers and hydraulic fluidics",這是軟性機器人常用的材料。Silicone elastomers 指「矽膠彈性體」。
    • (C) draws inspiration: 文章中提到 "draws inspiration from nature",意為「從大自然汲取靈感」。因此,"draws inspiration" 應翻譯為「汲取靈感」或「獲得啟發」。
    • (D) community: 文章中提到 "offer a huge potential to the robotics community",這裡的 community 指機器人學界或相關領域的社群。應翻譯為「社群」或「界」。
    • (E) pliant: 文章中提到 "pliant, elastic robots",與 "soft robots" 同義,指其柔軟、有彈性的特性。
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第 2 題

Translate the following two sentences into Chinese: (10% for each)
(A) Industrial robots are used for all sorts of dangerous, repetitive jobs. Now that robots are being
combined with artificial intelligence, will they take over the rest of the factory floor?
(B) Waste biomass undergoing pyrolysis can be seen through the wiewport of this reaction vessel.
Estimates suggest that as much as 1 billion tons of biomass could be available each year.

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這一題的完整詳解

本題考查將英文句子翻譯成中文的能力。考生需要準確理解英文句子的意思,並用流暢的中文表達出來。

解題步驟:
(A) 翻譯句子:

  • "Industrial robots are used for all sorts of dangerous, repetitive jobs."
    • "Industrial robots":工業機器人。
    • "are used for":被用於...。
    • "all sorts of":各種類型的,各種。
    • "dangerous, repetitive jobs":危險的、重複性的工作。
    • 組合起來為:「工業機器人被用於各種危險、重複性的工作。」
  • "Now that robots are being combined with artificial intelligence, will they take over the rest of the factory floor?"
    • "Now that":既然,由於。
    • "robots are being combined with artificial intelligence":機器人正與人工智能結合。
    • "will they take over":牠們是否會接管。
    • "the rest of the factory floor":工廠的剩餘部分(指那些非危險、非重複性的工作)。
    • 組合起來為:「既然機器人正與人工智能結合,牠們是否會接管工廠的剩餘部分(工作)?」
  • 整合翻譯: 「工業機器人被用於各種危險、重複性的工作。如今機器人正與人工智能結合,牠們是否會接管工廠的剩餘部分?」
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第 3 題

Read the following article and fill in the correct "vocabulary" to correctly complete the
meaning of the articles. (3% for each)
Robotics Automation Explores New Frontiers
Many industries have been hit hard by the COVID-19 (A). However, the robotics industry has
provided a glimmer of hope. Supply chain disruption and labor restrictions have highlighted the need
for increased (B) within the manufacturing and logistics sectors. For companies to not only survive
the pandemic but also transition their operations to be more (C) and mitigate risk, robotic (D) provides
a solution.
A recent panel at Robotics Week hosted by the Robotic Industries Association (RIA) shared an (E)
view of how robotics can address the labor and manufacturing (F) caused by the pandemic.
The panel consisted of CEOs and presidents of ATI Industrial Automation, FANUC America,
Harmonic Drive, KUKA Robotics, and SCHUNK. The executive panel discussed how robotic growth
was driven by industries outside of the automotive sector for the first time in history. The boom in
medical, agriculture, and e-commerce applications significantly (G) to the robotic industry in 2020.
"The (H) in robot orders that we're seeing, despite the pandemic, demonstrates the growing (I) in
robotic and automation solutions," said Jeff Burnstein, president of the Association for Advancing
Automation, said in a recent press release. "It's (J) to see the growth of robotics in new applications
and reaching a wider group of users than ever before."

Pick the vocabulary below:
collection, disruption, surge, controllable, overlay, interest, robotics, promising,
surface, pandemic, rigid, flexibility, optimistic, energetic, useful, remote, automation,
contributed, promising, successful

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查科技英文中的:

  1. 上下文語意判斷:依文章主題與前後邏輯選字。
  2. 詞性判斷:確認空格需要名詞、形容詞或動詞。
  3. 固定搭配:
    • increased flexibility
    • robotic automation
    • an optimistic view
    • contribute to
    • a surge in
    • growing interest in
    • promising to see

文章主旨是:COVID-19 疫情造成供應鏈與勞動力問題,促使製造、物流等產業增加自動化與機器人應用。


解題方法

依序觀察每個空格前後的句型與語意:

  • hit hard by the COVID-19 ___:需要表示「疫情」的名詞。
  • increased ___ within ... sectors:需要表示產業需要增加的抽象名詞。
  • more ___ and mitigate risk:需要形容詞,且語意須符合降低營運風險。
  • robotic ___ provides a solution:判斷科技英文常見搭配。
  • an ___ view:需要形容詞修飾 view。
  • labor and manufacturing ___:需要表示問題或中斷的名詞。
  • ___ to the robotic industry:搭配 contribute to。
  • a ___ in robot orders:搭配數量突然增加的名詞。
  • growing ___ in ... solutions:搭配對某事物日益重視的名詞。
  • It's ___ to see ...:需要表示「很有前景」的形容詞。

逐空解析

(A) pandemic

COVID-19 pandemic 意為「COVID-19 疫情」,是固定且自然的搭配。

句意為:許多產業受到 COVID-19 疫情的嚴重打擊。

(B) flexibility

increased flexibility 意為「提高彈性」。供應鏈中斷及勞動力限制,使製造業與物流業需要更具彈性的運作方式。

(C) controllable

more controllable 意為「更容易控制的」。企業除了要度過疫情,也要使營運更可控,以降低風險。

(D) automation

robotic automation 意為「機器人自動化」,是製造業與工業科技中的常見搭配。

(E) optimistic

an optimistic view 意為「樂觀的觀點」。此處表示與會者對機器人技術解決勞動力及製造問題抱持樂觀看法。

(F) disruption

labor and manufacturing disruption 指「勞動力與製造方面的中斷/混亂」。disruption 也與前文的 supply chain disruption 形成語意呼應。

(G) contributed

contributed to 意為「促成、貢獻於」。主詞為 The boom,過去式動詞為 contributed。

句意為:醫療、農業與電子商務應用的蓬勃發展,對 2020 年機器人產業有重大貢獻。

(H) surge

a surge in robot orders 意為「機器人訂單激增」。surge 表示數量或需求突然大幅增加。

(I) interest

growing interest in robotic and automation solutions 意為「對機器人與自動化解決方案日益增加的興趣」。

固定搭配為:

interest in+事物\text{interest in}+\text{事物}

(J) promising

It's promising to see ... 意為「看到……的成長令人感到前景看好」。

此處 promising 作形容詞,表示「有希望的、有前景的」。


完整文章填空

Robotics Automation Explores New Frontiers

Many industries have been hit hard by the COVID-19 (A) pandemic. However, the robotics industry has provided a glimmer of hope. Supply chain disruption and labor restrictions have highlighted the need for increased (B) flexibility within the manufacturing and logistics sectors. For companies to not only survive the pandemic but also transition their operations to be more (C) controllable and mitigate risk, robotic (D) automation provides a solution.

A recent panel at Robotics Week hosted by the Robotic Industries Association (RIA) shared an (E) optimistic view of how robotics can address the labor and manufacturing (F) disruption caused by the pandemic.

The boom in medical, agriculture, and e-commerce applications significantly **(G) c

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第 4 題

Translate the following two sentences into English: (10% for each)
(A) 全球在減少溫室氣體排放以及減碳的努力程度不一,歐洲國家獲得最大的進展。
(B) 越來越多的製造商正在客製化他們的六軸機器人,因為它們具有更大的工作區間,並且可
以處理複雜的製造程序。

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查科技英文中「中文長句英譯」的能力,重點包括:

  1. 抽象名詞作主詞:如「努力程度」可譯為 the level of effort 或 the extent of efforts。
  2. 動名詞片語表達目的:
    「減少溫室氣體排放以及減碳」可譯為 reducing greenhouse-gas emissions and cutting carbon emissions。
  3. 現在完成式表達累積成果:
    「已獲得最大的進展」使用 have made the greatest progress,表示截至目前為止的成果。
  4. 科技術語搭配:
    「工作區間」在機器人領域常譯為 workspace 或較精確的 work envelope。
  5. 因果副詞子句:
    「因為……」使用 because 或 as 引導原因。

解題方法

翻譯時先判斷每句的主要結構,再依照「主詞—動詞—受詞/補語」排列:

  • 先找出中文的核心主詞與主要動作。
  • 將修飾「努力」或「機器人」的內容放在適當位置。
  • 科技名詞採用英文慣用搭配,而非逐字翻譯。
  • 確認連接詞前後的結構保持平行。

(A)句型拆解

中文句意可分成兩部分:

  • 全球各地減少溫室氣體排放與減碳的努力程度不一。
  • 歐洲國家取得最大的進展。

「努力程度不一」是主要敘述,可用 varies 表示「有所不同」。後半句是前句所產生的補充結果,可用分詞片語連接。

關鍵字詞

  • 全球:worldwide、around the world
  • 溫室氣體排放:greenhouse-gas emissions
  • 減碳:cutting carbon emissions、carbon reduction
  • 努力程度不一:the level of effort varies
  • 獲得最大的進展:have made the greatest progress

句型組合

主句:

The extent of efforts worldwide to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions and cut carbon emissions varies.

補充歐洲國家的成果:

with European countries making the greatest progress.

其中 with + 名詞 + V-ing 表示伴隨的情況,適合補充說明「哪些國家進展最大」。

(B)句型拆解

中文句子的核心為:

  • 越來越多的製造商正在客製化六軸機器人。
  • 原因是這些機器人具有較大的工作區間,並且能處理複雜的製造程序。

「越來越多的製造商」使用 an increasing number of manufacturers。由於主詞核心是 number,因此動詞使用單數形式:

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