109 年 國立臺灣大學地質科學系碩士班地質組《地球物質》

Anhydrite-CaSO4

Crystallography. Orthorhombic. $2/m2/m2/m$. Crystals are rare; when observed are thick tabular on {010}, {100}, or {001} (see Fig. 1), also prismatic parallel to $b$. Usually massive or in crystalline masses resembling an isometric mineral with cubic cleavage. Also fibrous, granular, massive.
$a=6.95, b=6.96, c=6.21$ Å; $Z=4$. $d_s$: 3.50(10), 2.85(3), 2.33(2), 2.08(2), 1.869(2).

Physical Properties. Cleavage (010) perfect, {100} nearly perfect, (001) good. $H=3-3.5$. $G=2.89-2.98$. Luster vitreous to pearly on cleavage. Color colorless to gray to bluish or violet. Also may be white or tinged with rose, brown, or red. Optics: $(+)$; $\alpha = 1.570, \beta = 1.575, \gamma = 1.614$; $2V = 44^\circ$; $X=b, Y=a$; $r < 2$.

Composition and Structure. $CaO=41.2\%$, $SO_3=58.8\%$. The structure is very different from the barite type. In anhydrite, Ca is in 8-coordination with oxygen from $SO_4$ groups, whereas in barite, Ba is in 12-coordination with oxygen. A metastable polymorph of anhydrite ($\gamma CaSO_4$) is hexagonal and is formed as the result of slow dehydration of gypsum.

Diagnostic Features. Anhydrite is characterized by its three cleavages at right angles. It is distinguished from calcite by its higher specific gravity and from gypsum by its greater hardness. Some massive varieties are difficult to recognize but often appear "sugary," and one should test for sulfate.

Alteration. Anhydrite by hydration, at lower temperatures, changes to gypsum with an increase in volume, and in places large masses have been altered in this way.

Occurrence. Anhydrite occurs in similar settings as gypsum and is associated with gypsum but is not nearly as common. Found in beds associated with salt deposits in the cap rock of salt domes, and in limestones. Found in some amygdaloidal cavities in basalt.

Notable localities are: Wieliczka, Poland; Aussee, Styria, and Hall near Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria; and Bex, Switzerland. In the United States, found in Lockport, New York; West Paterson, New Jersey; New Mexico; and Texas. Found in large beds in Nova Scotia.

Use. Ground anhydrite is used as a soil conditioner and to a minor extent as a setting retardant in Portland cement. In Great Britain and Germany, it has been used as a source of sulfur for the production of sulfuric acid.

Name. Anhydrite is from the Greek word meaning without water, in contrast to the more common hydrous calcium sulfate, gypsum.

1. Anhydrite 的中文名稱是什麼?屬於哪一個晶系?
2. Anhydrite 屬於哪個點群?哪個空間群?
3. Anhydrite 的比重是多少?硬度是多少?
4. Anhydrite 有幾組解理?哪一組最好?
5. Anhydrite 的一個晶胞中含有多少個氧原子?具有什麼光澤?
6. Anhydrite 的折射率最高可達到多少?最強X光繞射發生在哪一晶面間距?
   (答案應附單位;單位錯誤得0分)
7. Anhydrite 與 calcite 或與 gypsum 分別有什麼明顯鑑定特徵?
8. Anhydrite 可以在某些玄武岩的什麼結構內發現?Fig.1的anhydrite 晶體有幾個晶面?

Anhydrite-CaSO4

Crystallography. Orthorhombic. $2/m2/m2/m$. Crystals are rare; when observed are thick tabular on {010}, {100}, or {001} (see Fig. 1), also prismatic parallel to $b$. Usually massive or in crystalline masses resembling an isometric mineral with cubic cleavage. Also fibrous, granular, massive.
$a=6.95, b=6.96, c=6.21$ Å; $Z=4$. $d_s$: 3.50(10), 2.85(3), 2.33(2), 2.08(2), 1.869(2).

Physical Properties. Cleavage (010) perfect, {100} nearly perfect, (001) good. $H=3-3.5$. $G=2.89-2.98$. Luster vitreous to pearly on cleavage. Color colorless to gray to bluish or violet. Also may be white or tinged with rose, brown, or red. Optics: $(+)$; $\alpha = 1.570, \beta = 1.575, \gamma = 1.614$; $2V = 44^\circ$; $X=b, Y=a$; $r < 2$.

Composition and Structure. $CaO=41.2\%$, $SO_3=58.8\%$. The structure is very different from the barite type. In anhydrite, Ca is in 8-coordination with oxygen from $SO_4$ groups, whereas in barite, Ba is in 12-coordination with oxygen. A metastable polymorph of anhydrite ($\gamma CaSO_4$) is hexagonal and is formed as the result of slow dehydration of gypsum.

Diagnostic Features. Anhydrite is characterized by its three cleavages at right angles. It is distinguished from calcite by its higher specific gravity and from gypsum by its greater hardness. Some massive varieties are difficult to recognize but often appear "sugary," and one should test for sulfate.

Alteration. Anhydrite by hydration, at lower temperatures, changes to gypsum with an increase in volume, and in places large masses have been altered in this way.

Occurrence. Anhydrite occurs in similar settings as gypsum and is associated with gypsum but is not nearly as common. Found in beds associated with salt deposits in the cap rock of salt domes, and in limestones. Found in some amygdaloidal cavities in basalt.

Notable localities are: Wieliczka, Poland; Aussee, Styria, and Hall near Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria; and Bex, Switzerland. In the United States, found in Lockport, New York; West Paterson, New Jersey; New Mexico; and Texas. Found in large beds in Nova Scotia.

Use. Ground anhydrite is used as a soil conditioner and to a minor extent as a setting retardant in Portland cement. In Great Britain and Germany, it has been used as a source of sulfur for the production of sulfuric acid.

Name. Anhydrite is from the Greek word meaning without water, in contrast to the more common hydrous calcium sulfate, gypsum.

1. Anhydrite 的中文名稱是什麼?屬於哪一個晶系?
2. Anhydrite 屬於哪個點群?哪個空間群?
3. Anhydrite 的比重是多少?硬度是多少?
4. Anhydrite 有幾組解理?哪一組最好?
5. Anhydrite 的一個晶胞中含有多少個氧原子?具有什麼光澤?
6. Anhydrite 的折射率最高可達到多少?最強X光繞射發生在哪一晶面間距?
   (答案應附單位;單位錯誤得0分)
7. Anhydrite 與 calcite 或與 gypsum 分別有什麼明顯鑑定特徵?
8. Anhydrite 可以在某些玄武岩的什麼結構內發現?Fig.1的anhydrite 晶體有幾個晶面?

Anhydrite-CaSO4

Crystallography. Orthorhombic. $2/m2/m2/m$. Crystals are rare; when observed are thick tabular on {010}, {100}, or {001} (see Fig. 1), also prismatic parallel to $b$. Usually massive or in crystalline masses resembling an isometric mineral with cubic cleavage. Also fibrous, granular, massive.
$a=6.95, b=6.96, c=6.21$ Å; $Z=4$. $d_s$: 3.50(10), 2.85(3), 2.33(2), 2.08(2), 1.869(2).

Physical Properties. Cleavage (010) perfect, {100} nearly perfect, (001) good. $H=3-3.5$. $G=2.89-2.98$. Luster vitreous to pearly on cleavage. Color colorless to gray to bluish or violet. Also may be white or tinged with rose, brown, or red. Optics: $(+)$; $\alpha = 1.570, \beta = 1.575, \gamma = 1.614$; $2V = 44^\circ$; $X=b, Y=a$; $r < 2$.

Composition and Structure. $CaO=41.2\%$, $SO_3=58.8\%$. The structure is very different from the barite type. In anhydrite, Ca is in 8-coordination with oxygen from $SO_4$ groups, whereas in barite, Ba is in 12-coordination with oxygen. A metastable polymorph of anhydrite ($\gamma CaSO_4$) is hexagonal and is formed as the result of slow dehydration of gypsum.

Diagnostic Features. Anhydrite is characterized by its three cleavages at right angles. It is distinguished from calcite by its higher specific gravity and from gypsum by its greater hardness. Some massive varieties are difficult to recognize but often appear "sugary," and one should test for sulfate.

Alteration. Anhydrite by hydration, at lower temperatures, changes to gypsum with an increase in volume, and in places large masses have been altered in this way.

Occurrence. Anhydrite occurs in similar settings as gypsum and is associated with gypsum but is not nearly as common. Found in beds associated with salt deposits in the cap rock of salt domes, and in limestones. Found in some amygdaloidal cavities in basalt.

Notable localities are: Wieliczka, Poland; Aussee, Styria, and Hall near Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria; and Bex, Switzerland. In the United States, found in Lockport, New York; West Paterson, New Jersey; New Mexico; and Texas. Found in large beds in Nova Scotia.

Use. Ground anhydrite is used as a soil conditioner and to a minor extent as a setting retardant in Portland cement. In Great Britain and Germany, it has been used as a source of sulfur for the production of sulfuric acid.

Name. Anhydrite is from the Greek word meaning without water, in contrast to the more common hydrous calcium sulfate, gypsum.

1. Anhydrite 的中文名稱是什麼?屬於哪一個晶系?
2. Anhydrite 屬於哪個點群?哪個空間群?
3. Anhydrite 的比重是多少?硬度是多少?
4. Anhydrite 有幾組解理?哪一組最好?
5. Anhydrite 的一個晶胞中含有多少個氧原子?具有什麼光澤?
6. Anhydrite 的折射率最高可達到多少?最強X光繞射發生在哪一晶面間距?
   (答案應附單位;單位錯誤得0分)
7. Anhydrite 與 calcite 或與 gypsum 分別有什麼明顯鑑定特徵?
8. Anhydrite 可以在某些玄武岩的什麼結構內發現?Fig.1的anhydrite 晶體有幾個晶面?

Anhydrite-CaSO4

Crystallography. Orthorhombic. $2/m2/m2/m$. Crystals are rare; when observed are thick tabular on {010}, {100}, or {001} (see Fig. 1), also prismatic parallel to $b$. Usually massive or in crystalline masses resembling an isometric mineral with cubic cleavage. Also fibrous, granular, massive.
$a=6.95, b=6.96, c=6.21$ Å; $Z=4$. $d_s$: 3.50(10), 2.85(3), 2.33(2), 2.08(2), 1.869(2).

Physical Properties. Cleavage (010) perfect, {100} nearly perfect, (001) good. $H=3-3.5$. $G=2.89-2.98$. Luster vitreous to pearly on cleavage. Color colorless to gray to bluish or violet. Also may be white or tinged with rose, brown, or red. Optics: $(+)$; $\alpha = 1.570, \beta = 1.575, \gamma = 1.614$; $2V = 44^\circ$; $X=b, Y=a$; $r < 2$.

Composition and Structure. $CaO=41.2\%$, $SO_3=58.8\%$. The structure is very different from the barite type. In anhydrite, Ca is in 8-coordination with oxygen from $SO_4$ groups, whereas in barite, Ba is in 12-coordination with oxygen. A metastable polymorph of anhydrite ($\gamma CaSO_4$) is hexagonal and is formed as the result of slow dehydration of gypsum.

Diagnostic Features. Anhydrite is characterized by its three cleavages at right angles. It is distinguished from calcite by its higher specific gravity and from gypsum by its greater hardness. Some massive varieties are difficult to recognize but often appear "sugary," and one should test for sulfate.

Alteration. Anhydrite by hydration, at lower temperatures, changes to gypsum with an increase in volume, and in places large masses have been altered in this way.

Occurrence. Anhydrite occurs in similar settings as gypsum and is associated with gypsum but is not nearly as common. Found in beds associated with salt deposits in the cap rock of salt domes, and in limestones. Found in some amygdaloidal cavities in basalt.

Notable localities are: Wieliczka, Poland; Aussee, Styria, and Hall near Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria; and Bex, Switzerland. In the United States, found in Lockport, New York; West Paterson, New Jersey; New Mexico; and Texas. Found in large beds in Nova Scotia.

Use. Ground anhydrite is used as a soil conditioner and to a minor extent as a setting retardant in Portland cement. In Great Britain and Germany, it has been used as a source of sulfur for the production of sulfuric acid.

Name. Anhydrite is from the Greek word meaning without water, in contrast to the more common hydrous calcium sulfate, gypsum.

1. Anhydrite 的中文名稱是什麼?屬於哪一個晶系?
2. Anhydrite 屬於哪個點群?哪個空間群?
3. Anhydrite 的比重是多少?硬度是多少?
4. Anhydrite 有幾組解理?哪一組最好?
5. Anhydrite 的一個晶胞中含有多少個氧原子?具有什麼光澤?
6. Anhydrite 的折射率最高可達到多少?最強X光繞射發生在哪一晶面間距?
   (答案應附單位;單位錯誤得0分)
7. Anhydrite 與 calcite 或與 gypsum 分別有什麼明顯鑑定特徵?
8. Anhydrite 可以在某些玄武岩的什麼結構內發現?Fig.1的anhydrite 晶體有幾個晶面?

Anhydrite-CaSO4

Crystallography. Orthorhombic. $2/m2/m2/m$. Crystals are rare; when observed are thick tabular on {010}, {100}, or {001} (see Fig. 1), also prismatic parallel to $b$. Usually massive or in crystalline masses resembling an isometric mineral with cubic cleavage. Also fibrous, granular, massive.
$a=6.95, b=6.96, c=6.21$ Å; $Z=4$. $d_s$: 3.50(10), 2.85(3), 2.33(2), 2.08(2), 1.869(2).

Physical Properties. Cleavage (010) perfect, {100} nearly perfect, (001) good. $H=3-3.5$. $G=2.89-2.98$. Luster vitreous to pearly on cleavage. Color colorless to gray to bluish or violet. Also may be white or tinged with rose, brown, or red. Optics: $(+)$; $\alpha = 1.570, \beta = 1.575, \gamma = 1.614$; $2V = 44^\circ$; $X=b, Y=a$; $r < 2$.

Composition and Structure. $CaO=41.2\%$, $SO_3=58.8\%$. The structure is very different from the barite type. In anhydrite, Ca is in 8-coordination with oxygen from $SO_4$ groups, whereas in barite, Ba is in 12-coordination with oxygen. A metastable polymorph of anhydrite ($\gamma CaSO_4$) is hexagonal and is formed as the result of slow dehydration of gypsum.

Diagnostic Features. Anhydrite is characterized by its three cleavages at right angles. It is distinguished from calcite by its higher specific gravity and from gypsum by its greater hardness. Some massive varieties are difficult to recognize but often appear "sugary," and one should test for sulfate.

Alteration. Anhydrite by hydration, at lower temperatures, changes to gypsum with an increase in volume, and in places large masses have been altered in this way.

Occurrence. Anhydrite occurs in similar settings as gypsum and is associated with gypsum but is not nearly as common. Found in beds associated with salt deposits in the cap rock of salt domes, and in limestones. Found in some amygdaloidal cavities in basalt.

Notable localities are: Wieliczka, Poland; Aussee, Styria, and Hall near Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria; and Bex, Switzerland. In the United States, found in Lockport, New York; West Paterson, New Jersey; New Mexico; and Texas. Found in large beds in Nova Scotia.

Use. Ground anhydrite is used as a soil conditioner and to a minor extent as a setting retardant in Portland cement. In Great Britain and Germany, it has been used as a source of sulfur for the production of sulfuric acid.

Name. Anhydrite is from the Greek word meaning without water, in contrast to the more common hydrous calcium sulfate, gypsum.

1. Anhydrite 的中文名稱是什麼?屬於哪一個晶系?
2. Anhydrite 屬於哪個點群?哪個空間群?
3. Anhydrite 的比重是多少?硬度是多少?
4. Anhydrite 有幾組解理?哪一組最好?
5. Anhydrite 的一個晶胞中含有多少個氧原子?具有什麼光澤?
6. Anhydrite 的折射率最高可達到多少?最強X光繞射發生在哪一晶面間距?
   (答案應附單位;單位錯誤得0分)
7. Anhydrite 與 calcite 或與 gypsum 分別有什麼明顯鑑定特徵?
8. Anhydrite 可以在某些玄武岩的什麼結構內發現?Fig.1的anhydrite 晶體有幾個晶面?

Anhydrite-CaSO4

Crystallography. Orthorhombic. $2/m2/m2/m$. Crystals are rare; when observed are thick tabular on {010}, {100}, or {001} (see Fig. 1), also prismatic parallel to $b$. Usually massive or in crystalline masses resembling an isometric mineral with cubic cleavage. Also fibrous, granular, massive.
$a=6.95, b=6.96, c=6.21$ Å; $Z=4$. $d_s$: 3.50(10), 2.85(3), 2.33(2), 2.08(2), 1.869(2).

Physical Properties. Cleavage (010) perfect, {100} nearly perfect, (001) good. $H=3-3.5$. $G=2.89-2.98$. Luster vitreous to pearly on cleavage. Color colorless to gray to bluish or violet. Also may be white or tinged with rose, brown, or red. Optics: $(+)$; $\alpha = 1.570, \beta = 1.575, \gamma = 1.614$; $2V = 44^\circ$; $X=b, Y=a$; $r < 2$.

Composition and Structure. $CaO=41.2\%$, $SO_3=58.8\%$. The structure is very different from the barite type. In anhydrite, Ca is in 8-coordination with oxygen from $SO_4$ groups, whereas in barite, Ba is in 12-coordination with oxygen. A metastable polymorph of anhydrite ($\gamma CaSO_4$) is hexagonal and is formed as the result of slow dehydration of gypsum.

Diagnostic Features. Anhydrite is characterized by its three cleavages at right angles. It is distinguished from calcite by its higher specific gravity and from gypsum by its greater hardness. Some massive varieties are difficult to recognize but often appear "sugary," and one should test for sulfate.

Alteration. Anhydrite by hydration, at lower temperatures, changes to gypsum with an increase in volume, and in places large masses have been altered in this way.

Occurrence. Anhydrite occurs in similar settings as gypsum and is associated with gypsum but is not nearly as common. Found in beds associated with salt deposits in the cap rock of salt domes, and in limestones. Found in some amygdaloidal cavities in basalt.

Notable localities are: Wieliczka, Poland; Aussee, Styria, and Hall near Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria; and Bex, Switzerland. In the United States, found in Lockport, New York; West Paterson, New Jersey; New Mexico; and Texas. Found in large beds in Nova Scotia.

Use. Ground anhydrite is used as a soil conditioner and to a minor extent as a setting retardant in Portland cement. In Great Britain and Germany, it has been used as a source of sulfur for the production of sulfuric acid.

Name. Anhydrite is from the Greek word meaning without water, in contrast to the more common hydrous calcium sulfate, gypsum.

1. Anhydrite 的中文名稱是什麼?屬於哪一個晶系?
2. Anhydrite 屬於哪個點群?哪個空間群?
3. Anhydrite 的比重是多少?硬度是多少?
4. Anhydrite 有幾組解理?哪一組最好?
5. Anhydrite 的一個晶胞中含有多少個氧原子?具有什麼光澤?
6. Anhydrite 的折射率最高可達到多少?最強X光繞射發生在哪一晶面間距?
   (答案應附單位;單位錯誤得0分)
7. Anhydrite 與 calcite 或與 gypsum 分別有什麼明顯鑑定特徵?
8. Anhydrite 可以在某些玄武岩的什麼結構內發現?Fig.1的anhydrite 晶體有幾個晶面?

Anhydrite-CaSO4

Crystallography. Orthorhombic. $2/m2/m2/m$. Crystals are rare; when observed are thick tabular on {010}, {100}, or {001} (see Fig. 1), also prismatic parallel to $b$. Usually massive or in crystalline masses resembling an isometric mineral with cubic cleavage. Also fibrous, granular, massive.
$a=6.95, b=6.96, c=6.21$ Å; $Z=4$. $d_s$: 3.50(10), 2.85(3), 2.33(2), 2.08(2), 1.869(2).

Physical Properties. Cleavage (010) perfect, {100} nearly perfect, (001) good. $H=3-3.5$. $G=2.89-2.98$. Luster vitreous to pearly on cleavage. Color colorless to gray to bluish or violet. Also may be white or tinged with rose, brown, or red. Optics: $(+)$; $\alpha = 1.570, \beta = 1.575, \gamma = 1.614$; $2V = 44^\circ$; $X=b, Y=a$; $r < 2$.

Composition and Structure. $CaO=41.2\%$, $SO_3=58.8\%$. The structure is very different from the barite type. In anhydrite, Ca is in 8-coordination with oxygen from $SO_4$ groups, whereas in barite, Ba is in 12-coordination with oxygen. A metastable polymorph of anhydrite ($\gamma CaSO_4$) is hexagonal and is formed as the result of slow dehydration of gypsum.

Diagnostic Features. Anhydrite is characterized by its three cleavages at right angles. It is distinguished from calcite by its higher specific gravity and from gypsum by its greater hardness. Some massive varieties are difficult to recognize but often appear "sugary," and one should test for sulfate.

Alteration. Anhydrite by hydration, at lower temperatures, changes to gypsum with an increase in volume, and in places large masses have been altered in this way.

Occurrence. Anhydrite occurs in similar settings as gypsum and is associated with gypsum but is not nearly as common. Found in beds associated with salt deposits in the cap rock of salt domes, and in limestones. Found in some amygdaloidal cavities in basalt.

Notable localities are: Wieliczka, Poland; Aussee, Styria, and Hall near Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria; and Bex, Switzerland. In the United States, found in Lockport, New York; West Paterson, New Jersey; New Mexico; and Texas. Found in large beds in Nova Scotia.

Use. Ground anhydrite is used as a soil conditioner and to a minor extent as a setting retardant in Portland cement. In Great Britain and Germany, it has been used as a source of sulfur for the production of sulfuric acid.

Name. Anhydrite is from the Greek word meaning without water, in contrast to the more common hydrous calcium sulfate, gypsum.

1. Anhydrite 的中文名稱是什麼?屬於哪一個晶系?
2. Anhydrite 屬於哪個點群?哪個空間群?
3. Anhydrite 的比重是多少?硬度是多少?
4. Anhydrite 有幾組解理?哪一組最好?
5. Anhydrite 的一個晶胞中含有多少個氧原子?具有什麼光澤?
6. Anhydrite 的折射率最高可達到多少?最強X光繞射發生在哪一晶面間距?
   (答案應附單位;單位錯誤得0分)
7. Anhydrite 與 calcite 或與 gypsum 分別有什麼明顯鑑定特徵?
8. Anhydrite 可以在某些玄武岩的什麼結構內發現?Fig.1的anhydrite 晶體有幾個晶面?

Anhydrite-CaSO4

Crystallography. Orthorhombic. $2/m2/m2/m$. Crystals are rare; when observed are thick tabular on {010}, {100}, or {001} (see Fig. 1), also prismatic parallel to $b$. Usually massive or in crystalline masses resembling an isometric mineral with cubic cleavage. Also fibrous, granular, massive.
$a=6.95, b=6.96, c=6.21$ Å; $Z=4$. $d_s$: 3.50(10), 2.85(3), 2.33(2), 2.08(2), 1.869(2).

Physical Properties. Cleavage (010) perfect, {100} nearly perfect, (001) good. $H=3-3.5$. $G=2.89-2.98$. Luster vitreous to pearly on cleavage. Color colorless to gray to bluish or violet. Also may be white or tinged with rose, brown, or red. Optics: $(+)$; $\alpha = 1.570, \beta = 1.575, \gamma = 1.614$; $2V = 44^\circ$; $X=b, Y=a$; $r < 2$.

Composition and Structure. $CaO=41.2\%$, $SO_3=58.8\%$. The structure is very different from the barite type. In anhydrite, Ca is in 8-coordination with oxygen from $SO_4$ groups, whereas in barite, Ba is in 12-coordination with oxygen. A metastable polymorph of anhydrite ($\gamma CaSO_4$) is hexagonal and is formed as the result of slow dehydration of gypsum.

Diagnostic Features. Anhydrite is characterized by its three cleavages at right angles. It is distinguished from calcite by its higher specific gravity and from gypsum by its greater hardness. Some massive varieties are difficult to recognize but often appear "sugary," and one should test for sulfate.

Alteration. Anhydrite by hydration, at lower temperatures, changes to gypsum with an increase in volume, and in places large masses have been altered in this way.

Occurrence. Anhydrite occurs in similar settings as gypsum and is associated with gypsum but is not nearly as common. Found in beds associated with salt deposits in the cap rock of salt domes, and in limestones. Found in some amygdaloidal cavities in basalt.

Notable localities are: Wieliczka, Poland; Aussee, Styria, and Hall near Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria; and Bex, Switzerland. In the United States, found in Lockport, New York; West Paterson, New Jersey; New Mexico; and Texas. Found in large beds in Nova Scotia.

Use. Ground anhydrite is used as a soil conditioner and to a minor extent as a setting retardant in Portland cement. In Great Britain and Germany, it has been used as a source of sulfur for the production of sulfuric acid.

Name. Anhydrite is from the Greek word meaning without water, in contrast to the more common hydrous calcium sulfate, gypsum.

1. Anhydrite 的中文名稱是什麼?屬於哪一個晶系?
2. Anhydrite 屬於哪個點群?哪個空間群?
3. Anhydrite 的比重是多少?硬度是多少?
4. Anhydrite 有幾組解理?哪一組最好?
5. Anhydrite 的一個晶胞中含有多少個氧原子?具有什麼光澤?
6. Anhydrite 的折射率最高可達到多少?最強X光繞射發生在哪一晶面間距?
   (答案應附單位;單位錯誤得0分)
7. Anhydrite 與 calcite 或與 gypsum 分別有什麼明顯鑑定特徵?
8. Anhydrite 可以在某些玄武岩的什麼結構內發現?Fig.1的anhydrite 晶體有幾個晶面?

9. Anhydrite 可以用來製造化學實驗室中哪一種常見的酸?( Gypsum 經由慢脫水反應生成的 anhydrite 亞穩定相是什麼?
10. Anhydrite 名稱是從哪種文字來的?原文代表什麼意思?

二、題組:【三小題各5分,共15分】

1. 下圖是A, B 與C的三個端成分圖。請將圖描繪到答案卷上,並準確標示出以下5個成分的位置:① A50B50,② A30B20C50,③ A40B30C30,④ A80B10C10,⑤ A10B80C10。
2. 如果指定三個端成分A為NaAlSi3O8,B為CaAl2Si2O8,C為KAlSi3O8,則在上面5個成分(此時變成 molecular percentage)中,自然界不會存在哪幾個成分的礦物?
3. 不會存在的原因為何?

🖼️【此處有附圖，請對照原卷】 (三元相圖，頂點分別標示 A 100%, B 100%, C 100%，內部有等值線標示百分比)

三、解釋名詞:【每題5分,共15分】

1. Corundum
2. Hexagonal system
3. Symmetry element

9. Anhydrite 可以用來製造化學實驗室中哪一種常見的酸?( Gypsum 經由慢脫水反應生成的 anhydrite 亞穩定相是什麼?
10. Anhydrite 名稱是從哪種文字來的?原文代表什麼意思?

二、題組:【三小題各5分,共15分】

1. 下圖是A, B 與C的三個端成分圖。請將圖描繪到答案卷上,並準確標示出以下5個成分的位置:① A50B50,② A30B20C50,③ A40B30C30,④ A80B10C10,⑤ A10B80C10。
2. 如果指定三個端成分A為NaAlSi3O8,B為CaAl2Si2O8,C為KAlSi3O8,則在上面5個成分(此時變成 molecular percentage)中,自然界不會存在哪幾個成分的礦物?
3. 不會存在的原因為何?

🖼️【此處有附圖，請對照原卷】 (三元相圖，頂點分別標示 A 100%, B 100%, C 100%，內部有等值線標示百分比)

三、解釋名詞:【每題5分,共15分】

1. Corundum
2. Hexagonal system
3. Symmetry element

9. Anhydrite 可以用來製造化學實驗室中哪一種常見的酸?( Gypsum 經由慢脫水反應生成的 anhydrite 亞穩定相是什麼?
10. Anhydrite 名稱是從哪種文字來的?原文代表什麼意思?

二、題組:【三小題各5分,共15分】

1. 下圖是A, B 與C的三個端成分圖。請將圖描繪到答案卷上,並準確標示出以下5個成分的位置:① A50B50,② A30B20C50,③ A40B30C30,④ A80B10C10,⑤ A10B80C10。
2. 如果指定三個端成分A為NaAlSi3O8,B為CaAl2Si2O8,C為KAlSi3O8,則在上面5個成分(此時變成 molecular percentage)中,自然界不會存在哪幾個成分的礦物?
3. 不會存在的原因為何?

🖼️【此處有附圖，請對照原卷】 (三元相圖，頂點分別標示 A 100%, B 100%, C 100%，內部有等值線標示百分比)

三、解釋名詞:【每題5分,共15分】

1. Corundum
2. Hexagonal system
3. Symmetry element

9. Anhydrite 可以用來製造化學實驗室中哪一種常見的酸?( Gypsum 經由慢脫水反應生成的 anhydrite 亞穩定相是什麼?
10. Anhydrite 名稱是從哪種文字來的?原文代表什麼意思?

二、題組:【三小題各5分,共15分】

1. 下圖是A, B 與C的三個端成分圖。請將圖描繪到答案卷上,並準確標示出以下5個成分的位置:① A50B50,② A30B20C50,③ A40B30C30,④ A80B10C10,⑤ A10B80C10。
2. 如果指定三個端成分A為NaAlSi3O8,B為CaAl2Si2O8,C為KAlSi3O8,則在上面5個成分(此時變成 molecular percentage)中,自然界不會存在哪幾個成分的礦物?
3. 不會存在的原因為何?

🖼️【此處有附圖，請對照原卷】 (三元相圖，頂點分別標示 A 100%, B 100%, C 100%，內部有等值線標示百分比)

三、解釋名詞:【每題5分,共15分】

1. Corundum
2. Hexagonal system
3. Symmetry element

9. Anhydrite 可以用來製造化學實驗室中哪一種常見的酸?( Gypsum 經由慢脫水反應生成的 anhydrite 亞穩定相是什麼?
10. Anhydrite 名稱是從哪種文字來的?原文代表什麼意思?

二、題組:【三小題各5分,共15分】

1. 下圖是A, B 與C的三個端成分圖。請將圖描繪到答案卷上,並準確標示出以下5個成分的位置:① A50B50,② A30B20C50,③ A40B30C30,④ A80B10C10,⑤ A10B80C10。
2. 如果指定三個端成分A為NaAlSi3O8,B為CaAl2Si2O8,C為KAlSi3O8,則在上面5個成分(此時變成 molecular percentage)中,自然界不會存在哪幾個成分的礦物?
3. 不會存在的原因為何?

🖼️【此處有附圖，請對照原卷】 (三元相圖，頂點分別標示 A 100%, B 100%, C 100%，內部有等值線標示百分比)

三、解釋名詞:【每題5分,共15分】

1. Corundum
2. Hexagonal system
3. Symmetry element

四、簡答題:【選擇題每題2分,配合題10分;共14分】
1.[選擇題】在碳酸鹽補償深度(Carbonate compensation depth)以下的遠洋沉積
物中,下列哪些生物的殘骸會是其主要組成?(注意:寫出選項編號即可)
(A) Coccolith
(B) Coral
(C) Diatom
(D) Foraminifer
(E) Radiolaria
2.[選擇題]下列哪一礦物的出現是造成藍片岩(Blueschist)呈現藍色的主要因
素?(注意:寫出選項編號即可)
(A) Garnet
(B) Glauconite
(C) Glaucophane
(D) Kyanite
(E) Sillimanite
3.[配合題]分別寫出下列構造所對應的(三大)岩類。
(1) Spinifex texture
(2) Boudinage
(3) Dust rings
(4) Poikilitic texture
(5) Porphyroblast

五、問答題:【每題8分,共24分】

1. 分別說明如何利用(1)地球化學主量元素組成以及(2)礦物組成,分辨矽質
   玄武岩(Tholeiitic basalts 或 Tholeiites)與鹼性玄武岩(Alkaline basalts)。
2. 簡述砂岩的分類。
3. 解釋葉理(Foliation)是如何形成的,以及為何變質岩不一定具有葉理。

六、解釋名詞:【每題4分,共12分】

1. Cement
2. Contact metamorphism
3. Partial melting

四、簡答題:【選擇題每題2分,配合題10分;共14分】
1.[選擇題】在碳酸鹽補償深度(Carbonate compensation depth)以下的遠洋沉積
物中,下列哪些生物的殘骸會是其主要組成?(注意:寫出選項編號即可)
(A) Coccolith
(B) Coral
(C) Diatom
(D) Foraminifer
(E) Radiolaria
2.[選擇題]下列哪一礦物的出現是造成藍片岩(Blueschist)呈現藍色的主要因
素?(注意:寫出選項編號即可)
(A) Garnet
(B) Glauconite
(C) Glaucophane
(D) Kyanite
(E) Sillimanite
3.[配合題]分別寫出下列構造所對應的(三大)岩類。
(1) Spinifex texture
(2) Boudinage
(3) Dust rings
(4) Poikilitic texture
(5) Porphyroblast

五、問答題:【每題8分,共24分】

1. 分別說明如何利用(1)地球化學主量元素組成以及(2)礦物組成,分辨矽質
   玄武岩(Tholeiitic basalts 或 Tholeiites)與鹼性玄武岩(Alkaline basalts)。
2. 簡述砂岩的分類。
3. 解釋葉理(Foliation)是如何形成的,以及為何變質岩不一定具有葉理。

六、解釋名詞:【每題4分,共12分】

1. Cement
2. Contact metamorphism
3. Partial melting

四、簡答題:【選擇題每題2分,配合題10分;共14分】
1.[選擇題】在碳酸鹽補償深度(Carbonate compensation depth)以下的遠洋沉積
物中,下列哪些生物的殘骸會是其主要組成?(注意:寫出選項編號即可)
(A) Coccolith
(B) Coral
(C) Diatom
(D) Foraminifer
(E) Radiolaria
2.[選擇題]下列哪一礦物的出現是造成藍片岩(Blueschist)呈現藍色的主要因
素?(注意:寫出選項編號即可)
(A) Garnet
(B) Glauconite
(C) Glaucophane
(D) Kyanite
(E) Sillimanite
3.[配合題]分別寫出下列構造所對應的(三大)岩類。
(1) Spinifex texture
(2) Boudinage
(3) Dust rings
(4) Poikilitic texture
(5) Porphyroblast

五、問答題:【每題8分,共24分】

1. 分別說明如何利用(1)地球化學主量元素組成以及(2)礦物組成,分辨矽質
   玄武岩(Tholeiitic basalts 或 Tholeiites)與鹼性玄武岩(Alkaline basalts)。
2. 簡述砂岩的分類。
3. 解釋葉理(Foliation)是如何形成的,以及為何變質岩不一定具有葉理。

六、解釋名詞:【每題4分,共12分】

1. Cement
2. Contact metamorphism
3. Partial melting

四、簡答題:【選擇題每題2分,配合題10分;共14分】
1.[選擇題】在碳酸鹽補償深度(Carbonate compensation depth)以下的遠洋沉積
物中,下列哪些生物的殘骸會是其主要組成?(注意:寫出選項編號即可)
(A) Coccolith
(B) Coral
(C) Diatom
(D) Foraminifer
(E) Radiolaria
2.[選擇題]下列哪一礦物的出現是造成藍片岩(Blueschist)呈現藍色的主要因
素?(注意:寫出選項編號即可)
(A) Garnet
(B) Glauconite
(C) Glaucophane
(D) Kyanite
(E) Sillimanite
3.[配合題]分別寫出下列構造所對應的(三大)岩類。
(1) Spinifex texture
(2) Boudinage
(3) Dust rings
(4) Poikilitic texture
(5) Porphyroblast

五、問答題:【每題8分,共24分】

1. 分別說明如何利用(1)地球化學主量元素組成以及(2)礦物組成,分辨矽質
   玄武岩(Tholeiitic basalts 或 Tholeiites)與鹼性玄武岩(Alkaline basalts)。
2. 簡述砂岩的分類。
3. 解釋葉理(Foliation)是如何形成的,以及為何變質岩不一定具有葉理。

六、解釋名詞:【每題4分,共12分】

1. Cement
2. Contact metamorphism
3. Partial melting

四、簡答題:【選擇題每題2分,配合題10分;共14分】
1.[選擇題】在碳酸鹽補償深度(Carbonate compensation depth)以下的遠洋沉積
物中,下列哪些生物的殘骸會是其主要組成?(注意:寫出選項編號即可)
(A) Coccolith
(B) Coral
(C) Diatom
(D) Foraminifer
(E) Radiolaria
2.[選擇題]下列哪一礦物的出現是造成藍片岩(Blueschist)呈現藍色的主要因
素?(注意:寫出選項編號即可)
(A) Garnet
(B) Glauconite
(C) Glaucophane
(D) Kyanite
(E) Sillimanite
3.[配合題]分別寫出下列構造所對應的(三大)岩類。
(1) Spinifex texture
(2) Boudinage
(3) Dust rings
(4) Poikilitic texture
(5) Porphyroblast

五、問答題:【每題8分,共24分】

1. 分別說明如何利用(1)地球化學主量元素組成以及(2)礦物組成,分辨矽質
   玄武岩(Tholeiitic basalts 或 Tholeiites)與鹼性玄武岩(Alkaline basalts)。
2. 簡述砂岩的分類。
3. 解釋葉理(Foliation)是如何形成的,以及為何變質岩不一定具有葉理。

六、解釋名詞:【每題4分,共12分】

1. Cement
2. Contact metamorphism
3. Partial melting

四、簡答題:【選擇題每題2分,配合題10分;共14分】
1.[選擇題】在碳酸鹽補償深度(Carbonate compensation depth)以下的遠洋沉積
物中,下列哪些生物的殘骸會是其主要組成?(注意:寫出選項編號即可)
(A) Coccolith
(B) Coral
(C) Diatom
(D) Foraminifer
(E) Radiolaria
2.[選擇題]下列哪一礦物的出現是造成藍片岩(Blueschist)呈現藍色的主要因
素?(注意:寫出選項編號即可)
(A) Garnet
(B) Glauconite
(C) Glaucophane
(D) Kyanite
(E) Sillimanite
3.[配合題]分別寫出下列構造所對應的(三大)岩類。
(1) Spinifex texture
(2) Boudinage
(3) Dust rings
(4) Poikilitic texture
(5) Porphyroblast

五、問答題:【每題8分,共24分】

1. 分別說明如何利用(1)地球化學主量元素組成以及(2)礦物組成,分辨矽質
   玄武岩(Tholeiitic basalts 或 Tholeiites)與鹼性玄武岩(Alkaline basalts)。
2. 簡述砂岩的分類。
3. 解釋葉理(Foliation)是如何形成的,以及為何變質岩不一定具有葉理。

六、解釋名詞:【每題4分,共12分】

1. Cement
2. Contact metamorphism
3. Partial melting

四、簡答題:【選擇題每題2分,配合題10分;共14分】
1.[選擇題】在碳酸鹽補償深度(Carbonate compensation depth)以下的遠洋沉積
物中,下列哪些生物的殘骸會是其主要組成?(注意:寫出選項編號即可)
(A) Coccolith
(B) Coral
(C) Diatom
(D) Foraminifer
(E) Radiolaria
2.[選擇題]下列哪一礦物的出現是造成藍片岩(Blueschist)呈現藍色的主要因
素?(注意:寫出選項編號即可)
(A) Garnet
(B) Glauconite
(C) Glaucophane
(D) Kyanite
(E) Sillimanite
3.[配合題]分別寫出下列構造所對應的(三大)岩類。
(1) Spinifex texture
(2) Boudinage
(3) Dust rings
(4) Poikilitic texture
(5) Porphyroblast

五、問答題:【每題8分,共24分】

1. 分別說明如何利用(1)地球化學主量元素組成以及(2)礦物組成,分辨矽質
   玄武岩(Tholeiitic basalts 或 Tholeiites)與鹼性玄武岩(Alkaline basalts)。
2. 簡述砂岩的分類。
3. 解釋葉理(Foliation)是如何形成的,以及為何變質岩不一定具有葉理。

六、解釋名詞:【每題4分,共12分】

1. Cement
2. Contact metamorphism
3. Partial melting

四、簡答題:【選擇題每題2分,配合題10分;共14分】
1.[選擇題】在碳酸鹽補償深度(Carbonate compensation depth)以下的遠洋沉積
物中,下列哪些生物的殘骸會是其主要組成?(注意:寫出選項編號即可)
(A) Coccolith
(B) Coral
(C) Diatom
(D) Foraminifer
(E) Radiolaria
2.[選擇題]下列哪一礦物的出現是造成藍片岩(Blueschist)呈現藍色的主要因
素?(注意:寫出選項編號即可)
(A) Garnet
(B) Glauconite
(C) Glaucophane
(D) Kyanite
(E) Sillimanite
3.[配合題]分別寫出下列構造所對應的(三大)岩類。
(1) Spinifex texture
(2) Boudinage
(3) Dust rings
(4) Poikilitic texture
(5) Porphyroblast

五、問答題:【每題8分,共24分】

1. 分別說明如何利用(1)地球化學主量元素組成以及(2)礦物組成,分辨矽質
   玄武岩(Tholeiitic basalts 或 Tholeiites)與鹼性玄武岩(Alkaline basalts)。
2. 簡述砂岩的分類。
3. 解釋葉理(Foliation)是如何形成的,以及為何變質岩不一定具有葉理。

六、解釋名詞:【每題4分,共12分】

1. Cement
2. Contact metamorphism
3. Partial melting