109 年 國立成功大學碩士班共同科目《英文(B)》

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第 1 題3 分

  1. Which use of the word "private" or "personal" is INCORRECT?
    A. The train is approaching the Taichung station and will make a brief stop. Please don't forget your private belongings if you are getting off here.
    B. Please remove all your personal stuffs out of the office; they should be stored in your own home, not in this public space.
    C. You should not check my email box without my permission first; there may be private messages you are not supposed to read.
    D. When I pointed out the defects in your proposal in the meeting, there was nothing personal in my criticism. I simply don't think the proposal will work.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查 private 與 personal 的語意差異,以及兩者在固定搭配中的使用方式。

  • private:指「私人的、非公開的」,重點在於不對外公開、具有隱私性。

    • private messages:私人訊息
    • private information:私人資訊
    • private conversation:私下談話
  • personal:指「個人的、屬於某人的」,重點在於與個人本身或個人物品有關。

    • personal belongings:個人物品
    • personal information:個人資料
    • personal opinion:個人意見

表示「隨身物品、個人物品」時,標準固定搭配是 personal belongings,而不是 private belongings。

解題方法

逐一判斷 private 或 personal 所表達的概念:

  1. 若指「屬於某人的物品」,使用 personal。
  2. 若指「不公開、具隱私性的內容」,使用 private。
  3. 若指「批評內容不是針對個人」,使用 personal,如 nothing personal。

依此判斷,只有 A 將「個人物品」誤用為 private belongings,應改為 personal belongings。

選項分析

A. 錯誤

private belongings 不適合表示「個人物品、隨身物品」。

句意是提醒下車乘客不要忘記帶走自己的物品,應使用:

Please don't forget your personal belongings.

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第 2 題3 分

  1. Which statement below will NOT be made by a hardcore vegetarian?
    A. I doubt that meat contains any nutrition not replaceable by fruits and cereals.
    B. I suspect that meat contains ingredients harmful to human body.
    C. I doubt that it is a wrong thing to do to kill animals for meat.
    D. I suspect that the so-called "benefits" of meat eating are propagated by food companies only to increase the sales of their products.

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這一題的完整詳解

這題考驗對「嚴格素食者」(hardcore vegetarian) 的定義與觀念的理解。嚴格素食者通常基於健康、倫理或環保等理由,完全不攝取任何動物性產品(包括肉類、魚類、奶製品、蛋等)。

我們逐一分析選項:
A. "I doubt that meat contains any nutrition not replaceable by fruits and cereals." (我懷疑肉類含有任何水果和穀物無法取代的營養。) 這句話的意思是,他認為肉類提供的營養,水果和穀物都可以提供,言下之意是肉類並非必需。這符合嚴格素食者的觀點。

B. "I suspect that meat contains ingredients harmful to human body." (我懷疑肉類含有對人體有害的成分。) 這句話表達了對肉類健康危害的擔憂,這是素食者常見的理由之一。符合嚴格素食者的觀點。

C. "I doubt that it is a wrong thing to do to kill animals for meat." (我懷疑為了肉而殺害動物是錯誤的。) 這句話的關鍵在於 "I doubt that it is a wrong thing"。這表示他「不懷疑」殺害動物是錯誤的,或者說他「認為」殺害動物是錯誤的。嚴格素食者通常基於倫理考量,認為殺害動物是不對的。因此,這句話符合嚴格素食者的觀點。

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第 3 題3 分

  1. I don't think I can graduate from the university in four years because I also take commercial design as my minor. Which use of the word "major" is the exact contrast in meaning to word “minor” above?
    A. One major reason why students don't study hard is that they lose confidence in school learning; they don't think their study here can help them find good jobs when they graduate.
    B. One annoyance an English major suffers is that (s)he is often treated as a walking dictionary, as if (s)he should know every word in the language.
    C. Although John Smith never studied in the military academy, he fought bravely during a series of battles and thus got promoted to be a major.

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這一題的完整詳解

這題考驗對 "major" 一詞在不同語境下的意思,以及與 "minor" 的對比關係。題目中 "minor" 指的是大學裡的「副修」。因此,我們要尋找與「主修」意思最接近的 "major" 的用法。

選項 A: "One major reason..." (一個主要的原因...) 這裡的 "major" 是形容詞,表示「主要的」、「重要的」。這與學術上的「主修」和「副修」的意義不同。

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第 4 題3 分

  1. When the Jewish King Josiah conquered the Edomite people, he ordered his soldiers to destroy the culture of the "pagan" religions. Regardless of part of speech, which use of the word “order” below has the same meaning?
    A. Sir, I am afraid that I cannot let you leave the office now. I just received a direct order from the general manager that you stay at your desk until further instruction.
    B. Monks in the Franciscan order of the Catholic Church think it is their holy duty to do charity works at whatever costs.
    C. There is a restriction on the use of these coupons. I can only order goods from certain online shops.
    D. Diana, make sure that these papers are put away in good order. I don't want you to waste time looking for them when I need them again.

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這一題的完整詳解

這題考驗對 "order" 一詞在不同語境下的意思。題幹中的 "ordered his soldiers to destroy..." (命令他的士兵去摧毀...),這裡的 "order" 是動詞,意為「命令」。我們要尋找與此意義相同的用法。

選項 A: "...received a direct order from the general manager..." (收到總經理的一道命令...) 這裡的 "order" 是名詞,意為「命令」。這個意思與題幹中的動詞 "ordered" (命令) 是相同的。

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第 5 題3 分

  1. Which use of the words "note" and "notice" is INCORRECT?
    A. Someone named John Middleton called you this morning and wanted you to call him back. I already put his number on a note and left it on your desk.
    B. Have you read the notice just put on the dorm's bulletin board? No cooking is allowed now, and they will check regularly and punish offenders severely.
    C. When Jane noted on her Facebook that she would quit her job and leave Taipei forever, her surprised friends posted a lot of questions asking her why.
    D. The teacher noticed in his syllabus that he would accept no term papers turned in late, even for just one hour; however, the students protested against it for being too strict.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查 note 與 notice 的詞性及語意差異。

  • note
    • 名詞:便條、筆記、公告中的文字。
    • 動詞:記下、註明、提到。
  • notice
    • 名詞:公告、通知,通常供大眾閱讀。
    • 動詞:注意到、察覺到。

判斷關鍵在於:句子是要表達「寫下/註明」,還是「察覺/注意到」。

解題方法

逐一檢查兩個字在句中的:

  1. 詞性是否正確;
  2. 語意是否符合上下文;
  3. 搭配的主詞與受詞是否自然。

題目要求找出 INCORRECT 的用法,因此找出語意或搭配不合的一項即可。

選項分析

A. 正確

I already put his number on a note and left it on your desk.

此處的 note 是名詞,指寫有電話號碼的「便條」。

句意為:我已經把他的電話號碼寫在便條上,並把便條放在你的桌上。

note 可指私人使用的簡短便條,使用正確。

B. 正確

Have you read the notice just put on the dorm's bulletin board?

此處的 notice 是名詞,指張貼在宿舍布告欄上的「公告/通知」。

公告內容是禁止烹煮,並且會定期檢查、嚴懲違規者。這種面向一群人的正式訊息,適合使用 notice。

C. 正確

When Jane noted on her Facebook that she would quit her job and leave Taipei forever...

此處的 noted 是動詞,表示「在 Facebook 上提到/註明」。

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第 6 題3 分

  1. Which use of the word "smart" is related to the idea of mental capacity?
    A. He didn't look smart to me when he first entered the department office. He was sloppily dressed. He looked around absently and did not respond to me until I addressed him twice.
    B. Everyone stopped and turned around when this smartly dressed woman entered the room. Even though none had met her before, she was apparently the new president of the union.
    C. Are you stupid or what? Don't you know you shouldn't wear only slippers for a hiking trip? No wonder your feet bleed and legs smart now.

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這一題的完整詳解

這題考驗對 "smart" 一詞在不同語境下的意思。 "Smart" 除了有「聰明的」意思外,還可以指「時髦的」、「聰明的」(在某些情況下),或「使疼痛」。我們要找出與「心智能力」(mental capacity) 相關的用法,也就是「聰明的」意思。

選項 A: "He didn't look smart to me..." (他看起來不聰明...) 這裡的 "smart" 是指「聰明的」,與心智能力相關。

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第 7 題3 分

  1. Mrs. Login is a typical case of compulsive shopping because.... Which clause below completes the statement most logically?
    A. ... she cannot resist the urge to buy stuffs even if she does not need them or really like them.
    B. ... her husband and children force her to do shopping for the family though she hates the chore.
    C. ... she cannot remember what stuffs she has bought or how much money she has spent after she leaves the cashier counter.
    D. ... she buys stuffs only when she really like them and she won't force herself to buy things she doesn't like even though she really needs them.

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這一題的完整詳解

這題考驗對「強迫性購物」(compulsive shopping) 的理解。強迫性購物是一種衝動控制障礙,患者無法克制購買的衝動,即使並非必需或喜歡,也無法停止。

我們逐一分析選項:
A. "... she cannot resist the urge to buy stuffs even if she does not need them or really like them." (她無法抗拒購買的衝動,即使她並不需要它們或不喜歡它們。) 這句話精確地描述了強迫性購物的核心特徵——無法控制的衝動,以及購買行為與實際需求或喜好脫鉤。

B. "... her husband and children force her to do shopping for the family though she hates the chore." (她的丈夫和孩子強迫她為家人購物,儘管她討厭這項差事。) 這描述的是被迫購物,而非強迫性購物。

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第 8 題3 分

  1. Which use of the word "complicate" and its derivatives is totally medical in its sense?
    A. As a doctor, what you need to focus on is a patient's body condition. Don't let considerations of his/her background or status complicate the matter of medical treatment.
    B. The patient's medical history is a little bit complicated. He was first misdiagnosed as a victim of appendicitis. When the surgeon was about to perform the removal of appendix, he discovered that this was actually a case of pervasive intestinal cancer.
    C. Idiot! Don't you know the due procedure of treating a cut after an operation?! Now the patient suffers the complication of intestinal infection. Can't you keep your job as surgeon simple?
    D. We cannot even allow this patient to stay in the emergency room overnight. Do you know what trouble she has got into? I don't want complications for the hospital and its staff.

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這一題的完整詳解

這題考驗對 "complicate" 及其衍生詞在不同語境下的意思,特別是「完全醫學意義」的用法。 "Complicate" (動詞) 意為「使複雜化」、「使惡化」。 "Complicated" (形容詞) 意為「複雜的」。 "Complication" (名詞) 意為「複雜情況」、「併發症」。

我們逐一分析選項:
A. "...Don't let considerations of his/her background or status complicate the matter of medical treatment." (不要讓他的背景或身份的考量,使醫療治療變得複雜。) 這裡的 "complicate" 是指「使醫療治療本身變得複雜」,這是一種廣泛的意義,不一定完全是醫學術語。

B. "The patient's medical history is a little bit complicated." (病人的病史有點複雜。

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第 9 題

  1. Which blank below can only be filled with the word "capacity," not its synonyms like "ability" or "capability"?
    A. In our society, when a child does well in school studies and is thus over-praised, s/he may wrongly believe that s/he has the ____ to do almost everything as well.
    B. The technical ____ of this motorcycle exceed those of an equivalent model of another brand; for example, it can speed up from static status to 100 miles per hour in ten seconds.
    C. To enlarge the ____ of carrying passengers, some airplanes are designed so huge that one wonders how they can lift off the ground into the sky.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查名詞 capacity、ability、capability 的語意差異:

  • ability:一般性的「能力」,可指人或事物完成某件事的能力。
  • capability:較正式的「能耐、功能或實現某事的能力」,常用於人、機器或系統。
  • capacity:除了「能力」之外,特別能表示「最大容納量、負載量或可承載的數量」。

因此,當空格涉及「能容納多少人、物」時,通常只能使用 capacity。

解題方法

逐一將三個名詞代入各選項,判斷句子需要的是:

  1. 一般完成事情的能力;
  2. 技術或功能上的性能;
  3. 實際可容納的人數或負載量。

若句意只是「有能力做某事」,ability 或 capability 通常可以替換 capacity;若句意是「最大容量」,則 capacity 具有不可替代的數量概念。

選項分析

A.

In our society, when a child does well in school studies and is thus over-praised, s/he may wrongly believe that s/he has the ____ to do almost everything as well.

此處意思是:孩子可能誤以為自己「有能力」把幾乎所有事情都做好。

  • ability to do almost everything:有能力做幾乎所有事情,正確。
  • capability to do almost everything:有完成幾乎所有事情的能力,文法與語意皆可。
  • capacity to do almost everything:有潛力或能力做幾乎所有事情,也可成立。

因此 A 不是答案。

B.

The technical ____ of this motorcycle exceed those of an equivalent model of another brand; for example, it can speed up from static status to 100 miles per hour in ten seconds.

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第 10 題3 分

  1. Which use of the word "shift" involves the idea of time?
    A. Can you believe that?! It took Maria nearly half an hour to drive here from the school (usually a five-minute ride) because she did not know how to shift to high-speed gear.
    B. Some nurses say that they don't like to take midnight shifts; the hospital at night usually gives them a creepy feeling, especially when their office room is near the morgue.
    C. Some former supporters of the "green camp" do not shift their loyalty to the "blue camp" overnight; they believe that they have endured too much disappointment over the green ruling party for too long.
    D. Business is not to be done on a rush: egg tart was once so popular that bakeries specializing in it mushroomed across the city. But soon there was an oversupply and the stores had to sell at a loss to shift stock.

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這一題的完整詳解

這題考驗對 "shift" 一詞在不同語境下的意思。 "Shift" 有多種意思,包括:轉變、移動、改變、輪班、變速等。我們要找出與「時間」概念相關的用法。

A. "...she did not know how to shift to high-speed gear." (她不知道如何換到高速檔。) 這裡的 "shift" 是指「換檔」,這與時間無關,而是與操作有關。

B. "...midnight shifts..." (午夜輪班...) 這裡的 "shifts" 是名詞,指「輪班工作」。輪班工作明確與「時間」相關,特別是特定的時間段(午夜)。

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第 11 題3 分

  1. Which action or reaction below can qualify as an "informed move"?
    A. As soon as Gerald was informed by an unsigned letter that his wife had an affair with Harry, he took a gun to his friend's office and blew his head off on the spot.
    B. After analyzing a few satellite photos that seem to suggest the existence of water on Mars, NASA sends a military-civilian team of 1000 people there to build a colony.
    C. A famous astrologist predicts that a meteor of one million tons is going to hit Earth in 2030, so many people begin to build underground shelters to survive the disaster.
    D. After visiting over ten nursing homes and talking to their respective heads, the Johnson family decides to leave their parents to the care of the home that they believe is the best.

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這一題的完整詳解

這題考驗對「有根據的行動」(informed move) 的理解。「Informed move」指的是基於充分資訊、分析或研究後所做出的決定或行動。

我們逐一分析選項:
A. Gerald 的反應是衝動的、非理性的,基於一封未署名的信,就採取了極端的暴力行為。這不是一個「有根據的行動」。

B. NASA 在「分析了衛星照片」之後,才決定派遣團隊。這種行動是基於科學數據的分析,是典型的「有根據的行動」。

C. 人們的反應是基於「占星師的預測」,而不是科學證據。占星預測不被視為可靠的資訊來源,因此建造地下掩體以應對此類預測,不能算作「有根據的行動」。

D. Johnson 家人經過「參觀十多家安養院並與負責人交談」後,才做出決定。這種行動是基於實地考察和比較,是「有根據的行動」。

現在我們有兩個選項 B 和 D 都像是「有根據的行動」。
我們需要仔細比較。
B: NASA 的行動是基於「科學分析」(衛星照片)。
D: Johnson 家人的行動是基於「實地考察和比較」(參觀、交談)。

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第 12 題3 分

  1. Which attitude below would be the best example of being "self-righteous"?
    A. A police officer who takes bribery from brothels in the district under his jurisdiction looks away when they deal in child prostitution.
    B. Comfortable capitalists blame the "laziness" of most unemployed laborers because they are unwilling to take jobs that can barely pay for their survival.
    C. The boss of a company often stays in the office for overtime work but rarely asks his employees to follow his example.
    D. Though the general doesn't need to stay in the front during a battle, he often makes this daring move and wants his soldiers to face dangers as he does.

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這一題的完整詳解

這題考驗對「自以為是」(self-righteous) 的理解。「Self-righteous」指的是過度自信地認為自己的觀念、行為或道德標準是正確的,並且常常以此來評判他人,同時對自己的缺點視而不見。

我們逐一分析選項:
A. 警察收賄賂且對兒童賣淫視而不見,這是腐敗和不道德的行為,與「自以為是」無關。

B. 「舒適的資本家」指責失業勞工「懶惰」,認為他們不願接受僅能勉強糊口的低薪工作。這種態度是將自己的優越地位和價值觀強加於他人,認為自己的觀點(勞工應該接受任何工作)是絕對正確的,並以此來批評他人,同時忽略了勞工的困境和

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第 13 題3 分

  1. Which dealing below would be considered "more than fair"?
    A. Your classmate treats you a bowl of plain noodles to repay your effort of doing his homework for a whole semester.
    B. You purchase 3.5 acres of land at the price of seven million dollars while the market value of an acre is two million.
    C. Your cousin sold you an accident-free, 6-month-old car that she had hardly used at two hundred thousand dollars, while the same model of similar conditions cost four hundred thousand.

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這一題的完整詳解

這題考驗對「公平」(fair) 和「過於公平」(more than fair) 的理解。「Fair」通常指交易或對待是公平的、合理的、符合市場價值的。而「more than fair」則表示交易或對待的條件遠遠優於一般標準,對一方極為有利,甚至可以說是「太划算」或「佔便宜」。

我們逐一分析選項:
A. 你的同學只請你吃一碗陽春麵,來回報你整個學期幫他做功課的努力。這顯然是不對等的,甚至可以說是「不公平」的。一碗陽春麵遠遠無法衡量一整個學期的勞力付出。

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第 14 題3 分

  1. When the 50-year-old actress is asked by reporters about how she keeps her figure fit and her skin smooth and tight, she answers, "I take care of them with no other means than sleeping and eating well." But most women of her age hearing this would sigh, "If only I could say the same." What do these women of her age mean with the comment?
    A. "I wouldn't be so stupid as to say such nonsense in front of the media."
    B. "I'm never so smart as she is to give such clever answer in front of the media."
    C. "I wish I could keep my figure and skin youthful in as simple ways as she does."
    D. "Only I could say such thing about myself; she is not even qualified."

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這一題的完整詳解

這題考驗對語氣和弦外之音的理解。女演員聲稱保持身材和皮膚年輕的秘訣僅僅是「睡好覺和吃好」。而其他同齡女性聽了這話後嘆氣說:「但願我也能這麼說。」這句話背後隱藏著她們真實的想法。

我們逐一分析選項:
A. 「我不會笨到在媒體面前說這種胡話。」這句話的意思是,她們認為女演員的說法是「胡話」,並暗示自己不會說這種不真實的話。這與「但願我也能這麼說」的嘆息語氣不符,因為嘆息通常表達的是一種羨慕或無奈,而不是否定。

B. 「我從來沒有像她一樣聰明,能在媒體面前給出如此巧妙的回答。」這句話認為女演員的回答「巧妙」,但這與「睡好覺和吃好」這個簡單的秘訣本身並不必然是「巧妙」的。而且,嘆息的重點不是女演員是否聰明,而是她們自己無法達到那樣的狀態。

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第 15 題3 分

  1. Though students and their parents may have misgivings about present educational policies, there is still much to be said for the efforts that the authorities concerned put into the goal of educational reform. Which statement below is true accordingly?
    A. Students and their parents are worried about the present educational policy; the efforts of the authority concerned at educational reform should be questioned and criticized.
    B. The present educational policies are not welcome by students and their parents; the direction in which the educational reform is pursued now needs further discussion.
    C. The present educational policies have been widely denounced by students and their parents; there is no need to say more about the misdirected efforts of the authority.
    D. Even though students and their parents are not happy with the newly reformed educational policies, the authority's efforts at reform still deserve positive comments.

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這一題的完整詳解

這題考驗對語氣和邏輯的理解。題幹指出,儘管學生和家長對現行教育政策有「疑慮」(misgivings),但「主管機關在教育改革上的努力仍值得稱讚」(there is still much to be said for the efforts...)。我們要找出與此論點一致的陳述。

核心邏輯是:儘管有負面因素(疑慮),但正面因素(努力值得稱讚)依然存在。

我們逐一分析選項:
A. 「學生和家長擔心現行教育政策;主管機關的教育改革努力應受到質疑和批評。」這與題幹的「努力值得稱讚」的說法相悖。

B. 「現行教育政策不受學生和家長歡迎;教育改革的方向需要進一步討論。」這部分描述了學生的擔憂,但沒有提及「努力值得稱讚」的部分,且「需要進一步討論」與「值得稱讚」的語氣也不完全一致。

C. 「現行教育政策被學生和家長廣泛譴責;無需再談論主管機關的錯誤努力。」這完全與題幹相反,將努力描述為「錯誤的」。

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第 16 題1 分

  1. (A. swearing on B. sworn in C. swearing of D. sworn by)

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查動詞 swear 的片語搭配與分詞用法:

  • swear in:宣誓就職;使某人正式就任。
  • sworn in:swear in 的過去分詞,常用於被動語態,表示「被宣誓任命、正式就職」。
  • swearing on:宣誓時以某物作為依據,例如「手按聖經宣誓」。
  • swearing by:以某人或某物名義發誓、深信某事物有效。
  • swearing of:通常不是現代英文中表示「宣誓就職」的標準搭配。

題目未提供完整句子,因此無法由語境判斷空格前後的文法結構。依本題選項所測驗的常見「宣誓就職」用法,答案為 sworn in。

解題方法

若空格前有 be 動詞,例如:

He was ______ as the new president.

此處需要過去分詞形成被動語態:

主詞+be+過去分詞\text{主詞}+\text{be}+\text{過去分詞}

swear in 的過去分詞為 sworn in,因此:

He was sworn in as the new president.

意思是「他宣誓就任新任校長」。

選項分析

  • (A) swearing on
    swearing 是現在分詞或動名詞,on 表示「以……為依據」。此片語可表示「手按某物宣誓」,但不表示「宣誓就職」。
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第 17 題1 分

  1. (A. term B. period C. time D. duration)

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這一題的完整詳解

這是克漏字填充題 17。
題幹是:「Since I was 16 as the new head of our unit, I want to make it clear to you, in the beginning of my 17, the ways I expect of your interactions with me.」
我們已經確定 16 是 "sworn in"。
那麼 17 則是指「我的任期」、「我的任職期間」。
選項:
A. term - 任期。 "in my term" (在我的任期內)。
B. period - 期間。 "in my period" (在我的期間)。
C. time - 時間。

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第 18 題1 分

  1. (A. Expectedly B. Definitely C. Fearfully D. Hopefully)

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這一題的完整詳解

這是克漏字填充題 18。
題幹是:「18 the guidelines I set below can help reduce unwanted conflicts between you and me; thus the undesirable position I am put in can be rendered less unbearable.」
這裡需要填入一個副詞,來表達對接下來內容的期望或確定性。

選項:
A. Expectedly - 預期地。
B. Definitely - 肯定地。
C. Fearfully - 恐懼地。
D. Hopefully - 期望地。

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第 19 題1 分

  1. (A. interest B. interesting C. interested D. interests)

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這一題的完整詳解

題目還原與語境

本題出自 109 學年度成功大學碩士班招生考試「英文(B)」綜合測驗(克漏字)題組。
原文對應語境為說明研究者與大眾對於該議題的關注度,原句結構如下:

"There has been growing ___19___ in this issue..."(在此議題上有著與日俱增的興趣/關注)


核心觀念

  1. 詞性判斷與名詞修飾:
    • 句型結構:There+has+been+形容詞+空格There + has + been + 形容詞 + 空格。
    • 在限定詞/形容詞(growing,在此作形容詞表示「逐漸增長的」)之後,受詞位置必須填入名詞(Noun),作為整個句子的實質主詞。
  2. 情緒動詞衍生字(Participle Adjectives vs. Noun):
    • interest 可作動詞或名詞。其現在分詞為 interesting(令人感興趣的)、過去分詞為 interested(感到感興趣的),兩者皆屬形容詞。
    • 介系詞 in 的固定搭配:take an interest in... 或 there is interest in...(對……感興趣/關注)。

解題方法

  1. 分析句子結構:
    • 本句屬於存在句型(There-structure):There+be+SubjectThere + be + Subject。
    • 空格位於形容詞 growing 之後、介系詞片語 in this issue 之前,因此空格處必須為名詞。
  2. 檢查不可數名詞與單複數用法:
    • 當 interest 表示「關注、興趣、好奇心」等抽象概念時,通常為不可數名詞(Uncountable Noun),不加冠詞或直接搭配形容詞(如 growing interest)。
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第 20 題1 分

  1. (A. binding B. defying C. abiding D. accusing)

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這一題的完整詳解

這是克漏字填充題 20。
題幹是:「We are (or at least should be) law-_20_citizens, and in our department there are already complete sets of regulations and procedures_21_whereby these requests can be duly processed.」
這裡需要填入一個詞,與 "law" 搭配,形容公民的狀態。

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第 21 題1 分

  1. (A. in place B. in position C. on mark D. by location)

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這一題的完整詳解

這是克漏字填充題 21。
題幹是:「We are (or at least should be) law-_20_citizens, and in our department there are already complete sets of regulations and procedures_21_whereby these requests can be duly processed.」
這裡需要填入一個介詞詞組,來形容「規章和程序」的存在狀態。

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第 22 題1 分

  1. (A. on the role B. to the heart C. by the book D. from the bottom)

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這一題的完整詳解

這是克漏字填充題 22。
題幹是:「committees function 22, they should regularly call for applications and issues concerning the requests as well as convene to discuss them.」
這裡需要填入一個詞組,來描述委員會如何「運作」。

選項:
A. on the role - 在扮演角色。
B. to the heart - 觸及核心。
C. by the book - 嚴格按照規定。

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第 23 題1 分

  1. (A. cruise B. drift C. saunter D. storm)

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這一題的完整詳解

這是克漏字填充題 23。
題幹是:「Please don't just 23 into the head's office and roar out long complaints to me as if I 24 the one who would ruin your life and happiness.」
這裡需要填入一個動詞,描述「闖入」辦公室的行為,並且是負面的、不禮貌的。

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第 24 題1 分

  1. (A. is B. were C. has been D. will be)

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這一題的完整詳解

這是克漏字填充題 24。
題幹是:「Please don't just 23 into the head's office and roar out long complaints to me as if I 24 the one who would ruin your life and happiness.」
這裡需要填入一個動詞,與 "as if" 搭配,表示一個假設的、與事實相反的語氣。

"as if" 後面通常接虛擬語氣。
如果後面描述的是現在事實相反的情況,用過去式 (were)。
如果後面描述的是過去事實相反的情況,用過去完成式 (had been)。
如果後面描述的是將來事實相反的情況,用 would + 原形動詞。

這裡的語境是「好像我會毀了你的生活和幸福」,這是一種對「現在」或「將來」情況的假設,而且是負面的、帶有諷刺意味的。

「as if I were...」是用於現在事實相反的虛擬語氣。
「as if I had been...」是用於過去事實相反的虛擬語氣。
「as if I would be...」是用於將來事實相反的虛擬語氣,但 "would" 在這裡的用法較少見。

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第 25 題1 分

  1. (A. Hence B. In addition C. Instead D. On the other hand)

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查英文轉承副詞(conjunctive adverbs)的語意與邏輯關係:

  • Hence:因此、所以,表示因果關係。
  • In addition:此外,而且,表示補充或遞進。
  • Instead:反而、代替,表示取代或相反選擇。
  • On the other hand:另一方面,表示對比或轉折。

判斷轉承語時,必須觀察空格前後兩個句子的邏輯關係,而不能只依中文直覺選字。

解題方法

題目目前只保留第 25 題的四個選項,缺少包含空格的完整英文句子,因此無法依據前後文判定唯一答案。

若原題前後文呈現「前一句是原因,後一句是結果」的關係,應使用 Hence:

原因→Hence→結果\text{原因} \rightarrow \text{Hence} \rightarrow \text{結果}

例如:

The research results were inconsistent. Hence, the experiment had to be repeated.

意思是「研究結果不一致。因此,實驗必須重做。」

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第 26 題1 分

  1. (A. fun B. pleasure C. gladness D. enjoyment)

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這一題的完整詳解

這是克漏字填充題 26。
題幹是:「Last year, I visited Israel for attending the Global Mayors' Conference and had the 26 of meeting the Prime Minister of Israel, Benjamin Netanyahu.」
這裡需要填入一個名詞,表示「有機會見到」總理。

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第 27 題1 分

  1. (A. respect B. respectable C. respecting D. respective)

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這一題的完整詳解

這是克漏字填充題 27。
題幹是:「"both Israel and Taiwan have serious trouble with their 27 neighbors,"」
這裡需要填入一個形容詞,來修飾 "neighbors" (鄰居)。

選項:
A. respect - 尊敬 (名詞/動詞)。
B. respectable - 值得尊敬的 (形容詞)。
C. respecting - 尊敬的 (現在分詞,作形容詞用)。
D. respective - 各自的 (形容詞)。

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第 28 題1 分

  1. (A. goes B. does C. makes D. has)

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這一題的完整詳解

這是克漏字填充題 28。
題幹是:「Israel is a small country facing difficult circumstances, as it 28 without natural resources and is surrounded by enemies.」
這裡需要填入一個動詞,來描述國家「沒有」自然資源的情況。

選項:
A. goes - 去,進行。
B. does - 做。
C. makes - 製造,使。
D. has - 擁有。

"as it has without natural resources" (因為它沒有自然資源)。
這裡的 "has" 是動詞,表示「擁有」。
"it has no natural resources" (它沒有自然資源)。
或者 "it lacks natural resources" (它缺乏自然資源)。

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第 29 題1 分

  1. (A. will be B. will have been C. were D. would have been)

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這一題的完整詳解

這是克漏字填充題 29。
題幹是:「If not for the unity of the whole nation that has helped Israel achieve independence and autonomy, the country 29 long gone.」
這是一個與過去事實相反的假設語氣句。
結構是 "If not for X, Y would have been Z." (如果沒有 X,Y 就已經 Z 了。)
這裡的 X 是 "the unity of the whole nation..." (整個國家的團結...),Y 是 "the country" (國家),Z 是 "long gone" (早已不復存在)。

"If not for..." 相當於 "If it were not for..." (如果不是...),用於對現在或未來事實的假設。
但是,後面接的結果是「早已不復存在」(long gone),這描述的是一個「過去」的事實相反的情況。
因此,應該使用「過去完成式」的虛擬語氣。

結構應該是:If it were not for X (present/future unreal), Y would have + p.p. (past unreal result).

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第 30 題1 分

  1. (A. imposed B. donated C. awarded D. contributed)

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這一題的完整詳解

這是克漏字填充題 30。
題幹是:「He is deeply convinced that peace only comes naturally through long-term exchanges that ensure mutual trust, not forcibly 30 simply through any kind of agreements.」
這裡需要填入一個動詞,來描述「和平」的達成方式。
前半句說「和平透過長期交流自然而來」,後半句說「而不是強行____僅僅透過任何協議」。

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第 31 題2 分

  1. Which statement about the vampire as a figure that metaphorically connects death and sex is NOT true?
    A. When the cultural sensibilities of a society do not allow representations of sexual encounters between characters in a horror fiction, vampirism can serve as a substitute.
    B. Vampire sexuality in horror fictions represents dreads and anxieties about sexual act, which the society that reads the fictions may take as punishable by death.
    C. Vampires always force themselves sexually onto women, without other kinds of approach, because the sexuality features "foreignness, animalism, and dreamlike qualities."
    D. Some vampires in modern horror fictions do not connect their death threats with sexuality.

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這一題的完整詳解

這題考驗對文章中關於「吸血鬼與死亡、性之間隱喻關係」的理解,找出「錯誤」的陳述。

文章提到:「In the Victorian and Puritan ideals of Europe and North America, vampirism in literature became a surrogate for sexual intercourse. Later in the 19th century, sex returns with a vengeance in Joseph Sheridan LeFanu's Carmilla (1871) and Bram Stoker's Dracula (1897)... Due to cultural sensibilities that precluded sexual encounters between characters, Stoker used vampirism as a cover for the sexuality inherent in his horror novel. As originally created by Stoker, the persona of Dracula contains an amalgam of cultural sexual dreads such as foreignness, animalism, and dreamlike qualities. The vampire became an extended metaphor; just as death has been used as a euphemism for orgasm, the vampire represents both sexuality and death. And thus was born the sexy vampire trope. Vampires represent the titillating anxieties we carry that a sexual act will carry grave punishment such as death. Though the vampire remained firmly in the traditional horror genre for many years, providing readers with such classics as Stephen King's Salem's Lot (1975), it never quite forgot its subversive sexual roots. When Anne Rice published Interview with the Vampire, the first novel in her Vampire Chronicles series, in 1976, she brought the world the lives of Louis an

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第 32 題2 分

  1. Which vampire as a literary creation is inspired by a historical figure?
    (A. Dracula B. Báthory C. Edward Cullen D. Lestat)

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這一題的完整詳解

這題考驗對文章中關於吸血鬼文學創作的背景知識,特別是哪個角色受到歷史人物啟發。

文章提到:「Though Stoker was inspired by the historical Vlad the Impaler, his Dracula was a veritable rake who manipulated women to his own ends.」
這明確指出,Bram Stoker 的 Dracula 是受到歷史人物 Vlad the Impaler (弗拉德三世,又稱穿刺公) 的啟發。

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第 33 題2 分

  1. Which name can you safely identify as referring to a female vampire?
    (A. Elizabeth Báthory B. Stephenie Meyer C. Sheridan LeFanu D. Anne Rice)

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這一題的完整詳解

這題考驗對文章內容的理解,找出可以確定指的是「女性吸血鬼」的名字。

文章提到:
「The historical influences of vampires were terrifying. Vlad the Impaler's reputation of excessive cruelty... His female counterpart, Countess Elizabeth Báthory, was a serial killer accused of murdering young female virgins and bathing in their blood to retain her youth.」
這裡提到 Countess Elizabeth Báthory 是一位女性,與吸血鬼的歷史影響有關,雖然她本身是歷史上的殺人犯,但她的形象被認為是吸血鬼的女性原型之一。

文章後續也提到:
「Later in the 19th century, sex returns with a vengeance in Joseph Sheridan LeFanu's Carmilla (1871)...」
Joseph Sheridan LeFanu 的作品 Carmilla 描寫的是一位女性吸血鬼。

我們來分析選項:
A. Elizabeth Báthory:如上所述,她是歷史上的女性,被視為吸血鬼的女性原型之一。
B. Stephenie Meyer:她是《暮光之城》的作者,是女性作家,但不是吸血鬼角色。

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第 34 題2 分

  1. Which statement below is correct about the two vampire novels, Joseph Sheridan LeFanu's Carmilla (1871) and Bram Stoker's Dracula (1897), as can be inferred from the passage?
    A. The vampires in both novels use their sexual power to take revenge on humans.
    B. The 19th-century cultural sensibilities disapproved of sexuality and thus suppressed the publication of the two novels with vengeance.
    C. These two novels challenged the 19th-century sensibilities against sex by representing it through vampirism in a substitutive fashion.

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這一題的完整詳解

這題考驗對文章中關於《卡蜜拉》(Carmilla) 和《德古拉》(Dracula) 這兩部小說的敘述的理解,找出「正確」的陳述。

文章相關段落:
「In the Victorian and Puritan ideals of Europe and North America, vampirism in literature became a surrogate for sexual intercourse. Later in the 19th century, sex returns with a vengeance in Joseph Sheridan LeFanu's Carmilla (1871) and Bram Stoker's Dracula (1897), the latter of which brought vampires into the cultural mainstream. Though Stoker was inspired by the historical Vlad the Impaler, his Dracula was a veritable rake who manipulated women to his own ends. Due to cultural sensibilities that precluded sexual encounters between characters, Stoker used vampirism as a cover for the sexuality inherent in his horror novel. As originally created by Stoker, the persona of Dracula contains an amalgam of cultural sexual dreads such as foreignness, animalism, and dreamlike qualities. The vampire became an extended metaphor; just as death has been used as a euphemism for orgasm, the vampire represents both sexuality and death. And thus was born the sexy vampire trope. ... Though the vampire remained firmly in the traditional horror genre for many years, providing readers with suc

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第 35 題2 分

  1. Which statement about Dracula the novel and Dracula the vampire is NOT correct?
    A. The novel is more important than Carmilla in bringing the vampire figure into the cultural mainstream.
    B. The vampire makes the women he encounters do things to serve his own purposes.
    C. The vampire loves women so much that he allows them to end his own existence.
    D. The vampire is a foreigner to major characters of the novel; he also takes on animal features.

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這一題的完整詳解

這題考驗對文章關於《德古拉》(Dracula) 小說及其角色的理解,找出「錯誤」的陳述。

文章相關段落:
「...Bram Stoker's Dracula (1897), the latter of which brought vampires into the cultural mainstream. Though Stoker was inspired by the historical Vlad the Impaler, his Dracula was a veritable rake who manipulated women to his own ends. Due to cultural sensibilities that precluded sexual encounters between characters, Stoker used vampirism as a cover for the sexuality inherent in his horror novel. As originally created by Stoker, the persona of Dracula contains an amalgam of cultural sexual dreads such as foreignness, animalism, and dreamlike qualities. ...」

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第 36 題2 分

  1. Which statement about the human approach to Point Nemo is NOT correct?
    A. The closest point where humans have ever approached Point Nemo is from outside the earth.
    B. Point Nemo was located very recently in human history, without the discoverer visiting it personally.
    C. It is 100 percent sure that no human being has ever passed this geographical point.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查文章對「Point Nemo(尼莫點)」及人類接近方式的理解,重點包括:

  1. Point Nemo 的定義:Point Nemo 是地球上海洋中距離任何陸地都最遠的地理位置,因此又稱為「海洋難抵極」。
  2. 地理位置的計算:它不是由人員實地探勘後發現,而是利用地理座標與電腦計算找出的點。
  3. 事實敘述的判斷:題目問的是「NOT correct」,必須找出與文章內容或合理事實不符的敘述。

解題方法

逐一檢查各選項的關鍵字:

  • A 的重點是「最接近人類的方式來自地球外」。
  • B 的重點是「很晚才被定位,且發現者沒有親自前往」。
  • C 的重點是「百分之百確定從未有人經過」。

其中,帶有 100 percent sure(百分之百確定) 這類絕對化語氣的敘述,通常需要非常充分的證據才能成立。Point Nemo 是以計算方式定位的海上座標,無法據此百分之百證明歷史上從未有船舶、飛機或其他人類活動經過該點。因此 C 不正確。

選項分析

A. The closest point where humans have ever approached Point Nemo is from outside the earth.

A 正確。Point Nemo 位於遙遠海域,但國際太空站等繞地球運行的太空設施,距離地表通常約數百公里。相較之下,Point Nemo 距離最近陸地約 2,6882{,}688 公里,因此太空人在繞地球運行時,可能比海上的船員更接近 Point Nemo。

此處的「from outside the earth」不是指人類已經登上 Point Nemo,而是指人類在地球外的太空軌道上,曾經從較近的位置經過。

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第 37 題2 分

  1. Which statement below about the naming of the point as "Nemo" is correct?
    A. The point is named after the clownfish in the Disney cartoon Finding Nemo.
    B. The word "Nemo" means "no one" in a Latin American dialect.
    C. The name refers to a man controlling an underwater vehicle in a science-fiction novel.

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這一題的完整詳解

這題考驗對文章中關於 Point Nemo 命名的解釋,找出「正確」的陳述。

文章相關段落:
「Clearly, there are no human inhabitants anywhere near Point Nemo (the name "Nemo" itself is both Latin for "no one," as well as a reference to Jules Verne's submarine captain from 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea).」

我們逐一分析選項:
A. 「這個點是以迪士尼卡通《海底總動員》中的小丑魚命名的。」文章沒有提到迪士尼卡通。這是錯誤的。

B. 「Nemo 這個詞在拉丁美洲方言中意為『沒有人』。」文章提到:「the name "Nemo" itself is both Latin for "no one"」。這裡說的是「拉丁語」(Latin),而不是「拉丁美洲方言」(Latin American dialect)。

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第 38 題2 分

  1. Which statement about the ecological condition of Point Nemo is correct?
    A. Without human molestation, the ocean near the point teems with all sorts of sea creatures.
    B. Few creatures can be found here because the strong ocean currents prevent them from swimming near here.
    C. Few creatures can survive here because the ocean currents prevent establishment of sustainable food chains in the area.
    D. There are simply no living things in the area at all.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查 Point Nemo(尼莫點)的生態環境,以及海洋食物鏈形成所需的基本條件。

Point Nemo 位於南太平洋環流中心附近,是地球上距離陸地最遙遠的海域之一。該區域海水交換與營養鹽補充有限,海水中的氮、磷等營養物質不足,導致浮游植物生產量低。浮游植物是海洋食物鏈的基礎,當初級生產量不足時,便難以形成穩定而持續的食物鏈,因此大型海洋生物數量也相對稀少。

解題方法

判斷本題的關鍵,是區分「沒有生物」與「生物數量稀少」的差異,並找出造成 Point Nemo 生態貧乏的真正原因。

海洋生態系的基本關係可表示為:

營養鹽→浮游植物→浮游動物→魚類及大型海洋生物\text{營養鹽} \rightarrow \text{浮游植物} \rightarrow \text{浮游動物} \rightarrow \text{魚類及大型海洋生物}

若海水缺乏營養鹽,浮游植物便難以大量繁殖,後續各層級生物所能取得的食物也會減少,食物鏈因而難以維持。Point Nemo 生物稀少的重點在於營養供應不足與食物鏈難以建立,而不是海流單純阻止生物游近,也不是完全沒有任何生命存在。

因此,最符合題意的是 C。

選項分析

A. Without human molestation, the ocean near the point teems with all sorts of sea creatures.

錯誤。Point Nemo 的生物稀少並非主要由人類干擾造成。即使沒有捕撈、污染等人為活動,該海域仍因營養鹽不足、初級生產力低,難以供養大量且多樣的海洋生物。「teems with」表示生物大量聚集,與 Point Nemo 的生態特徵相反。

**B. Few creatures can be found here because the strong ocean currents prevent them from swimm

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第 39 題2 分

  1. How was Point Memo located in the first place?
    A. With rulers and pens on a World Map
    B. By observation from the International Space Station
    C. From a travel account published by Jules Verne
    D. Through the calculation of a computer program

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這一題的完整詳解

這題考驗對文章中關於 Point Nemo 如何被定位的描述,找出正確的方法。

文章相關段落:
「Not even the man who discovered Point Nemo has ever visited it. In 1992, survey engineer Hrvoje Lukatela located the point in the ocean that was farthest away from any land using a computer program that calculated the coordinates that were the greatest distance from three equidistant land coordinates.」

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第 40 題2 分

  1. When humans get closest to Point Nemo from the space, how many times are they closer to it than humans living on the Earth? By the way, a league is roughly equivalent to 3.5 miles.
    (A. 2 to 3 times B. 4 to 5 times C. nearly 10 times D. more than 200 times)

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查「距離的倍數比較」。關鍵是比較兩種情況:

  • 太空中的人類:距離 Point Nemo 約 250250 英里。
  • 地球陸地上的人類:距離 Point Nemo 約 1,6701{,}670 英里。

「幾倍接近」不是計算兩者相減,而是用地面距離除以太空距離:

倍數=地面上的距離太空中的距離\text{倍數}=\frac{\text{地面上的距離}}{\text{太空中的距離}}

解題方法

將題目提供的距離代入:

1,670250=6.68\frac{1{,}670}{250}=6.68

也就是說,太空中的人類距離 Point Nemo 約為地面人類的 6.686.68 倍近。

選項中的「nearly 10 times」是概略說法。由於 6.686.68 明顯比 22 至 33 倍、44 至 55 倍更接近 1010 倍,故選擇接近 1010 倍的選項。

題目補充「一 league 約等於 3.53.5 miles」,目的在於協助考生將文章中的 league 距離換算成英里,再與太空中的距離比較:

league 數×3.5=英里數\text{league 數}\times 3.5=\text{英里數}

選項分析

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