109 年 國立清華大學動力機械工程學系碩士班戊組《科技英文》
第 1 題2 分
Part I, Question 1-20 (2.5 points each question)
Choose the best answer to replace the section in the question that has an underline.
- The girl was startled when the balloon
(A) dropped,
(B) exploded,
(C) flowed,
(D) disappeared,
(E) connected
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本題考查動詞的選擇,需要根據上下文判斷氣球發生的情況。
「The girl was startled」表示女孩被驚嚇到,這通常是因為發生了某件意想不到或突然的事件。
選項分析:
(A) dropped (掉落):氣球掉落通常不會讓人感到驚嚇。
(B) exploded (爆炸):氣球爆炸是突發且具聲響的事件,足以讓人驚嚇。
第 2 題2 分
- He ____ the wooden peg into the hole.
(A) insisted,
(B) inserted,
(C) inspired,
(D) inquired,
(E) injured
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本題考查動詞的選擇,需要根據上下文判斷「他」對木樁做了什麼。
「the wooden peg into the hole」表示將木樁放入洞中。
選項分析:
(A) insisted (堅持):堅持木樁放入洞中,語意不通。
第 3 題2 分
- Who first discovered America?
(A) Einstein,
(B) Newton,
(C) Columbus,
(D) Shakespeare,
(E) Trump
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本題為常識題,詢問誰最先發現美洲。
選項分析:
(A) Einstein (愛因斯坦):著名物理學家,與發現美洲無關。
(B) Newton (牛頓):著名物理學家,與發現美洲無關。
第 4 題2 分
- Each of the drugs ____ been screened.
(A) is,
(B) has,
(C) are,
(D) have,
(E) was
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本題考查主詞與動詞的一致性,以及助動詞的使用。
句子的主詞是「Each of the drugs」。
「Each」是一個單數代名詞,即使後面跟著複數名詞 (drugs),其本身在語法上仍視為單數。
因此,動詞應該使用單數形式。
「been screened」是現在完成式的被動語態。
在現在完成式中,單數主詞後面接「has」。
選項分析:
第 5 題2 分
- Anyone can publish ____ ideas on the website.
(A) their,
(B) his,
(C) her,
(D) its,
(E) which
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核心觀念
本題考查不定代名詞 anyone 與代名詞的搭配,以及現代英語中的性別中立代名詞用法。
- anyone 意為「任何人」,文法上屬於單數不定代名詞。
- 當句子中的人具有不特定性別時,現代英語常使用單數 they 及其所有格 their,避免預設為男性或女性。
- their ideas 意為「他們的想法/任何人的想法」,其中 their 是所有格限定詞,修飾複數名詞 ideas。
句意為:
任何人都可以在網站上發表自己的想法。
解題方法
先找出空格後面的名詞 ideas,判斷空格需要的是表示「某人的」所有格限定詞。
句子的主詞是 Anyone,表示不特定的任何人。由於性別未知且不限於男性或女性,使用性別中立的所有格 their 最自然:
完整句子為:
Anyone can publish their ideas on the website.
此處的 their 對應不特定的 anyone,而 ideas 是被發表的內容。
選項分析
-
(A) their:正確
their 是第三人稱複數所有格,也可用作單數性別中立代名詞的所有格形式。由於 anyone 所指涉的人的性別不明,使用 their 最符合現代標準英語:
第 6 題2 分
- There would be difference ____ those three models.
(A) between,
(B) for,
(C) among,
(D) to,
(E) with
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本題考查介系詞的選擇。
「difference」後面接介系詞,通常有兩種情況:
- difference between A and B (A與B之間的差異):用於兩者之間。
- difference among A, B, and C (A、B、C之間的差異):用於三者或三者以上之間。
題目中提到「those three models」,表示有三個模型。
第 7 題2 分
- "Do you want to go to supermarket tonight?" No, I'd rather computer
game at home
(A) play,
(B) to play,
(C) with playing,
(D) playing,
(E) on playing
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本題考查「would rather」的用法。
「would rather」後面接原形動詞 (bare infinitive),表示「寧願做某事」。
例句:I would rather go than stay. (我寧願去也不願留。)
在這個句子中,「I'd rather」是「I would rather」的縮寫。
後面跟著「play computer game at home」。
第 8 題2 分
- All of students ____ to submit their homework on time without any delay.
(A) need,
(B) must,
(C) has,
(D) have,
(E) are
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核心觀念
本題考查:
- 主詞與動詞一致
- have to、need to、be to 的用法
- 情態助動詞 must 後接原形動詞的規則
主詞為 All of the students 時,核心主詞是複數的 students,因此動詞須使用複數形式。
句意為:「所有學生都必須準時交作業,不得有任何延誤。」
解題方法
空格後方是 to submit,可依固定句型判斷:
- :需要做某事
- :必須做某事
- :被要求或預定做某事
- :必須做某事,但 must 後不可再接 to
若依本題預設考點,主詞為複數,應選擇複數形式 have:
選項分析
-
(A) need: 為正確句型,表示「需要繳交」。因此若只看文法,這個選項也能成立;但它表達的是需求,語氣不如 明確表示義務。
-
(B) must:錯誤。 是情態助動詞,後面直接接原形動詞:
不可使用:
-
(C) has:錯誤。 本身是正確句型,但 只能搭配第三人稱單數主詞。 是複數,應使用 have。
第 9 題2 分
- Not only ____ Mary apologize, but she also sent me a gift.
(A) do,
(B) does,
(C) did,
(D) was,
(E) were
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本題考查「Not only... but also...」句型的倒裝結構。
當「Not only」置於句首時,後面的句子需要進行倒裝,即將助動詞或be動詞提到主詞之前。
原句的正常語序應為:「Mary not only apologized, but she also sent me a gift.」
或者,「Not only did Mary apologize, but she also sent me a gift.」
或者,「Not only apologized Mary, but she also sent me a gift.」(較少見,且通常是主詞為代名詞時)
第 10 題2 分
- The solar cell is used to convert ____ into electric power.
(A) water,
(B) wind,
(C) gas,
(D) soil,
(E) light
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本題考查太陽能電池的功能。
太陽能電池(solar cell)的原理是利用光伏效應,將光能轉換為電能。
選項分析:
(A) water (水):水力發電,不是太陽能電池。
(B) wind (風):風力發電,不是太陽能電池。
第 11 題2 分
- The average of 3, 8, 7, and 10 is ____.
(A) 1,
(B) 3,
(C) 5,
(D) 7,
(E) 9
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本題考查平均值的計算。
平均值 = (所有數值的總和) / (數值的個數)
給定的數值是 3, 8, 7, 10。
數值的總和 = 3 + 8 + 7 + 10 = 28。
第 12 題2 分
- The ____ of 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9, is 9.
(A) average,
(B) sum up,
(C) minimum,
(D) maximum,
(E) middle number
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本題考查數列中特定數值的意義。
給定的數列是 1, 3, 5, 7, 9。
選項分析:
(A) average (平均值):平均值是 (1+3+5+7+9)/5 = 25/5 = 5。所以不是平均值。
(B) sum up (總和):總和是 1+3+5+7+9 = 25。所以不是總和。
第 13 題2 分
- The temperature is now ____ 5 degrees C. (-5°C)
(A) positive,
(B) negative,
(C) minus,
(D) dash,
(E) dot
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核心觀念
本題考查負溫度的英文表達方式,以及正負號相關字詞的用法。
溫度 讀作:
- minus five degrees Celsius
- 也可說 negative five degrees Celsius,但在描述氣溫或溫度的日常英文中,minus 是較自然、標準的說法。
其中:
- minus:表示「負的、減去」,讀出負數時常用。
- negative:表示「負的」,偏向數學、科學或正式描述。
- positive:表示「正的」。
- dash:破折號或連字號。
- dot:點、句點或小數點。
解題方法
題目括號已明確給出溫度為 ,因此空格後的數字必須以「負五」來表達。
完整句子為:
The temperature is now minus 5 degrees C.
句意是「現在的溫度是攝氏零下五度」。
英文中描述溫度時,常用下列句型:
The temperature is minus five degrees Celsius.
因此空格應填 minus。
選項分析
(A) positive
表示「正的」。若填入後,句子變成「現在是正五攝氏度」,相當於 ,與題目所給的 不符,錯誤。
(B) negative
negative five degrees Celsius 在文法和意義上可以理解為「負五攝氏度」,但描述氣溫時,慣用且最自然的表達是 **minus fiv
第 14 題2 分
- One nanometer is ____ m.
(A) 10-3,
(B) 10-6,
(C) 10-9,
(D) 10-12, (Ε) 10-15
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本題考查長度單位的轉換,特別是奈米 (nanometer)。
「nano-」是國際單位制詞頭,表示 。
因此,1 奈米 (nanometer) 等於 公尺 (meter)。
選項分析:
(A) :表示毫 (milli)。
第 15 題2 分
- Which one is the smallest size?
(A) Cell,
(B) Tissue,
(C) Bacteria,
(D) Virus,
(E) Organ
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本題考查生物結構的尺度大小比較。
我們需要將這些選項從最小到最大排序,然後找出最小的。
一般尺度順序為:
Virus (病毒) < Bacteria (細菌) < Cell (細胞) < Tissue (組織) < Organ (器官)
選項分析:
(A) Cell (細胞):細胞是生物體的基本單位,尺度約在 10-100 微米 (µm)。
(B) Tissue (組織):由許多細胞組成,尺度比細胞大,通常是毫米 (mm) 或更大。
第 16 題2 分
- What is the size of cubic if the volume of cubic is 1pL?
(A) 10 μm,
(B) 100 µm,
(C) 1 mm,
(D) 1 cm,
(E) 1 m
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核心觀念
本題考查體積單位換算與立方體體積公式。
立方體體積為
其中 為立方體的邊長。因此,已知體積後,邊長為
題目中的 是 皮公升:
又因為
所以
解題方法
設立方體邊長為 ,則
兩邊取立方根:
將公尺換算為微米。由於
因此
所以立方體的邊長為 。
選項分析
-
(A) :正確。
邊長為 ,其體積為且 ,故
第 17 題2 分
- Which metal usually has the highest conductivity?
(A) Gold,
(B) Silver,
(C) Copper,
(D) Iron,
(E) Aluminum
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本題考查金屬的導電性。
在常見的金屬中,導電性最好的是銀 (Silver),其次是銅 (Copper),然後是金 (Gold),再其次是鋁 (Aluminum)。鐵 (Iron) 的導電性相對較差。
導電性順序(由高到低):
Silver (Ag) > Copper (Cu) > Gold (Au) > Aluminum (Al) > Iron (Fe)
第 18 題2 分
- What is the meaning if we multiply current with resistance?
(A) Voltage,
(B) Power,
(C) Force,
(D) Intensity,
(E) Capacitance
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本題考查歐姆定律 (Ohm's Law) 和電學基本公式。
歐姆定律指出:電壓 (Voltage) 等於電流 (Current) 乘以電阻 (Resistance) 。
即 。
題目問的是「current multiplied by resistance」,即 。
根據歐姆定律,這等於電壓 (Voltage)。
第 19 題2 分
- What is the unit of pressure?
(A) N,
(B) N/m,
(C) N/m²,
(D) N/m³,
(E) N/m²
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本題考查壓力的單位。
壓力 (Pressure) 的定義是單位面積上所受的力。
公式為:壓力 。
力的單位是牛頓 (N)。
面積的單位是平方公尺 ()。
所以,壓力的單位是 。
這個單位也被稱為帕斯卡 (Pascal, Pa)。
第 20 題2 分
- Let's assume the packaging cost is 60% of product cost. If we spent 3,
(B) 8.3,
(D) $10,
(E) S12.5
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本題考查百分比的應用。
設產品成本為 。
包裝成本 (packaging cost) 是產品成本的 60%,即 。
題目告知,我們花了 5。
因此,我們可以建立方程式:。
要求解產品成本 。
第 21 題2 分
Part II, Question 21-28 (2.5 points each question)
Try to help complete this cover letter by filling the answers in.
Dear Ms. Lee:
Over the years, I have built a successful career ____ 21 ____ international operations and
project management on my ability to quickly and accurately assess situations,
identify problems and focus 22 strategies which obtain results. I am currently
seeking a challenging opportunity with an internationally focused, growth-oriented
organization. I am willing 23 explore interim assignments and consulting
projects 24 senior management opportunities. My enclosed resume ____ 25 ____
some of my accomplishments and credentials.
I look forward to 26 ____ from you to discuss any mutually beneficial opportunities
that you may be aware of. Please feel free to pass along my resume to others ____ 27 ____
may have a need for a professional of ____ 28 ____ caliber.
21. (A) in, (B) on, (C) at, (D) with, (E) to
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本題考查介系詞的選擇,用於描述職業生涯建立的領域。
句子結構是:「I have built a successful career ____ 21 ____ international operations and project management」。
這裡需要一個介系詞來連接「career」與其所涉及的領域「international operations and project management」。
選項分析:
(A) in:常用於表示在某個領域或行業中建立職業生涯,例如 "career in finance"、"career in marketing"。
第 22 題2 分
Dear Ms. Lee:
Over the years, I have built a successful career ____ 21 ____ international operations and
project management on my ability to quickly and accurately assess situations,
identify problems and focus 22 ____ strategies which obtain results. I am currently
seeking a challenging opportunity with an internationally focused, growth-oriented
organization. I am willing 23 explore interim assignments and consulting
projects 24 senior management opportunities. My enclosed resume ____ 25 ____
some of my accomplishments and credentials.
I look forward to 26 ____ from you to discuss any mutually beneficial opportunities
that you may be aware of. Please feel free to pass along my resume to others ____ 27 ____
may have a need for a professional of ____ 28 ____ caliber.
22. (A) in, (B) on, (C) at, (D) with, (E) to
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
本題考查介系詞的選擇,用於描述如何運用能力。
句子結構是:「...identify problems and focus 22 ____ strategies which obtain results.」
這裡需要一個介系詞來連接「focus」與其目標「strategies」。
「focus」後面常接的介系詞有:
- focus on (專注於):這是最常見的用法,表示將注意力集中在某事物上。
第 23 題2 分
Dear Ms. Lee:
Over the years, I have built a successful career ____ 21 ____ international operations and
project management on my ability to quickly and accurately assess situations,
identify problems and focus 22 ____ strategies which obtain results. I am currently
seeking a challenging opportunity with an internationally focused, growth-oriented
organization. I am willing 23 ____ explore interim assignments and consulting
projects 24 senior management opportunities. My enclosed resume ____ 25 ____
some of my accomplishments and credentials.
I look forward to 26 ____ from you to discuss any mutually beneficial opportunities
that you may be aware of. Please feel free to pass along my resume to others ____ 27 ____
may have a need for a professional of ____ 28 ____ caliber.
23. (A) in, (B) on, (C) at, (D) with, (E) to
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
本題考查動詞「explore」與其後介系詞的搭配。
句子結構是:「I am willing 23 ____ explore interim assignments and consulting projects...」
這裡需要一個介系詞來連接「willing」後面表示意願的結構,以及後面的動詞「explore」。
第 24 題2 分
Dear Ms. Lee:
Over the years, I have built a successful career ____ 21 ____ international operations and
project management on my ability to quickly and accurately assess situations,
identify problems and focus 22 ____ strategies which obtain results. I am currently
seeking a challenging opportunity with an internationally focused, growth-oriented
organization. I am willing 23 ____ explore interim assignments and consulting
projects 24 ____ senior management opportunities. My enclosed resume ____ 25 ____
some of my accomplishments and credentials.
I look forward to 26 ____ from you to discuss any mutually beneficial opportunities
that you may be aware of. Please feel free to pass along my resume to others ____ 27 ____
may have a need for a professional of ____ 28 ____ caliber.
24. (A) in, (B) as well as, (C) in addition to, (D) with, (E) to
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本題考查連接詞或片語的選擇,用於連接「interim assignments and consulting projects」與「senior management opportunities」。
句子結構是:「I am willing to explore interim assignments and consulting projects 24 ____ senior management opportunities.」
這裡需要一個連接詞或片語,表示除了前半段的機會外,也願意探索後半段的機會。
選項分析:
第 25 題2 分
Dear Ms. Lee:
Over the years, I have built a successful career ____ 21 ____ international operations and
project management on my ability to quickly and accurately assess situations,
identify problems and focus 22 ____ strategies which obtain results. I am currently
seeking a challenging opportunity with an internationally focused, growth-oriented
organization. I am willing 23 ____ explore interim assignments and consulting
projects 24 ____ senior management opportunities. My enclosed resume ____ 25 ____
some of my accomplishments and credentials.
I look forward to 26 ____ from you to discuss any mutually beneficial opportunities
that you may be aware of. Please feel free to pass along my resume to others ____ 27 ____
may have a need for a professional of ____ 28 ____ caliber.
25. (A) to detail, (B) detail, (C) details, (D) detailing, (E) in detailing
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本題考查動詞的選擇,用於描述履歷的作用。
句子結構是:「My enclosed resume ____ 25 ____ some of my accomplishments and credentials.」
這裡需要一個動詞,表示履歷「說明」或「闡述」了我的成就和資歷。
選項分析:
(A) to detail:不定詞,表示「去詳細說明」。
(B) detail:動詞原形,表示「詳細說明」。
(C) details:動詞第三人稱單數現在式,表示「詳細說明」。
第 26 題2 分
Dear Ms. Lee:
Over the years, I have built a successful career ____ 21 ____ international operations and
project management on my ability to quickly and accurately assess situations,
identify problems and focus 22 ____ strategies which obtain results. I am currently
seeking a challenging opportunity with an internationally focused, growth-oriented
organization. I am willing 23 ____ explore interim assignments and consulting
projects 24 ____ senior management opportunities. My enclosed resume ____ 25 ____
some of my accomplishments and credentials.
I look forward to 26 ____ from you to discuss any mutually beneficial opportunities
that you may be aware of. Please feel free to pass along my resume to others ____ 27 ____
may have a need for a professional of ____ 28 ____ caliber.
26. (A) hear, (B) hearing, (C) by hearing, (D) heard, (E) heared
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本題考查「look forward to」的用法。
「look forward to」是一個片語,意思是「期待」,後面必須接名詞或動名詞 (gerund)。
句子結構是:「I look forward to 26 ____ from you...」
這裡需要一個動名詞。
選項分析:
(A) hear:動詞原形。
第 27 題2 分
Dear Ms. Lee:
Over the years, I have built a successful career ____ 21 ____ international operations and
project management on my ability to quickly and accurately assess situations,
identify problems and focus 22 ____ strategies which obtain results. I am currently
seeking a challenging opportunity with an internationally focused, growth-oriented
organization. I am willing 23 ____ explore interim assignments and consulting
projects 24 ____ senior management opportunities. My enclosed resume ____ 25 ____
some of my accomplishments and credentials.
I look forward to 26 ____ from you to discuss any mutually beneficial opportunities
that you may be aware of. Please feel free to pass along my resume to others ____ 27 ____
may have a need for a professional of ____ 28 ____ caliber.
27. (A) who, (B) which, (C) in which, (D) to, (E) by
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本題考查關係代名詞的選擇,用於引導形容詞子句,修飾前面的名詞。
句子結構是:「Please feel free to pass along my resume to others ____ 27 ____ may have a need for a professional of ____ 28 ____ caliber.」
這裡的「others」指其他人,後面需要一個關係代名詞來連接「may have a need...」這個子句,並指代「others」。
由於「others」是人,所以關係代名詞可以是「who」或「that」。
選項分析:
(A) who:關係代名詞,指人,可作主詞。
第 28 題2 分
Dear Ms. Lee:
Over the years, I have built a successful career ____ 21 ____ international operations and
project management on my ability to quickly and accurately assess situations,
identify problems and focus 22 ____ strategies which obtain results. I am currently
seeking a challenging opportunity with an internationally focused, growth-oriented
organization. I am willing 23 ____ explore interim assignments and consulting
projects 24 ____ senior management opportunities. My enclosed resume ____ 25 ____
some of my accomplishments and credentials.
I look forward to 26 ____ from you to discuss any mutually beneficial opportunities
that you may be aware of. Please feel free to pass along my resume to others ____ 27 ____
may have a need for a professional of ____ 28 ____ caliber.
28. (A) my, (B) his, (C) her, (D) our, (E) their
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本題考查物主代名詞的選擇,用於修飾名詞「caliber」(能力、水準)。
句子結構是:「...professional of ____ 28 ____ caliber.」
這裡的「professional」是指申請人,也就是「I」。
因此,需要使用第一人稱單數的物主代名詞,表示「我的能力」。
選項分析:
(A) my:第一人稱單數物主代名詞,表示「我的」。