109 年 國立成功大學臺灣文學研究所《外文文學文獻解讀(英文)》

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第 1 題25 分

Please read the following passage and rewrite it in Chinese (25%):

'For more than a century, scholars have alluded to the notion of an "imagined audience"- a person's mental conceptualization of the people with whom he or she is communicating. The imagined audience has long guided our thoughts and actions during everyday writing and speaking. However, in today's world of social media where users must navigate through highly public spaces with potentially large and invisible audiences, scholars have begun to ask: who do people envision as their public or audience as they perform in these spaces?' (Eden Litt, 2012, Knock, knock. Who's there? The imagined audience. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 56:3.)

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這一題的完整詳解

這是一題翻譯題,要求將英文段落翻譯成中文。翻譯的重點在於精確傳達原文的語意,並使用通順的中文表達。

解題思路:

  1. 理解核心概念: 段落的核心概念是「imagined audience」(想像中的聽眾/讀者),以及這個概念在當代社群媒體時代所面臨的新挑戰。
  2. 逐句翻譯: 仔細閱讀每一句話,理解其結構和語意,然後轉換成中文。
    • "For more than a century, scholars have alluded to the notion of an 'imagined audience'- a person's mental conceptualization of the people with whom he or she is communicating."
      • "For more than a century" -> 了一個世紀以來 / 了一個多世紀以來
      • "scholars have alluded to the notion of" -> 學者們提及了...的概念 / 學者們都曾論及...的觀念
      • "an 'imagined audience'" -> 「想像中的聽眾」/「想像中的讀者」
      • "a person's mental conceptualization of the people with whom he or she is communicating." -> 即一個人對其溝通對象的心理構想。
      • 組合:一個多世紀以來,學者們都曾論及「想像中的聽眾」這一觀念——即一個人對其溝通對象的心理構想。
    • "The imagined audience has long guided our thoughts and actions during everyday writing and speaking."
      • "The imagined audience" -> 想像中的聽眾
      • "has long guided" -> 長久以來一直指導著 /長久以來引導著
      • "our thoughts and actions" -> 我們的想法和行為
      • "during everyday writing and speaking." -> 在日常的寫作與說話中。
      • 組合:想像中的聽眾長久以來一直指導著我們日常寫作與說話的想法與行為。
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第 2 題25 分

Please read the following passage and rewrite it in Chinese (25%):

'Our primal fascination with the self is further sustained through our historical and social preoccupation with the screen. The screen, symbolic of a certain grandeur and communal spectacle, occupies a space of cultural resonance for societies. The screen historically imagined through the romance of celluloid and distanced from the confines of domesticity belonged to the land of fantasy and the unattainable. Manifested through the cinema, theater, television, gaming devices, computer, mobile phone, etc., the screen has become endlessly re-invented and re-inscribed into our ordinary lives in the modern age.'(Yasmin Ibrahim, 2017, Coalescing the mirror and the screen: consuming the 'self' online, Continuum, 31:1.)

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這一題的完整詳解

這是一題翻譯題,要求將英文段落翻譯成中文。翻譯的重點在於精確傳達原文的語意,並使用通順的中文表達。

解題思路:

  1. 理解核心概念: 段落探討了「螢幕」(the screen)在現代社會中如何與「自我」(the self)的迷戀相互連結,以及螢幕從過去的「幻想」象徵,如何演變為融入日常生活的媒介。
  2. 逐句翻譯:
    • "Our primal fascination with the self is further sustained through our historical and social preoccupation with the screen."
      • "Our primal fascination with the self" -> 我們對自我的原始著迷
      • "is further sustained through" -> 透過...進一步得到維持/加強
      • "our historical and social preoccupation with the screen." -> 我們對螢幕的歷史與社會上的關注/沉迷。
      • 組合:我們對自我的原始著迷,透過我們對螢幕的歷史與社會上的關注而進一步得到維持。
    • "The screen, symbolic of a certain grandeur and communal spectacle, occupies a space of cultural resonance for societies."
      • "The screen" -> 螢幕
      • "symbolic of a certain grandeur and communal spectacle" -> 象徵著某種宏偉與集體性的奇觀
      • "occupies a space of cultural resonance for societies." -> 在社會中佔據了一個具有文化共鳴的空間。
      • 組合:螢幕,象徵著某種宏偉與集體性的奇觀,在社會中佔據了一個具有文化共鳴的空間。
    • "The screen historically imagined through the romance of celluloid and distanced from the confines of domesticity belonged to the land of fantasy and the unattainable."
      • "The screen historically imagined through the romance of celluloid" -> 螢幕在歷史上透過 the romance of celluloid (賽璐珞的浪漫) 被想像
      • "and distanced from the confines of domesticity" -> 且遠離家庭生活的束縛
      • "belonged to the land of fantasy and the unattainable." -> 屬於幻想與遙不可及的國度。
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第 3 題25 分

Translate the following passage into Chinese (25%).

Comparison is a mode of thinking, an analogical form of human cognition, that seems fundamental to human understanding and creativity and that depends upon principles of relation and differentiation. Not just a cornerstone of analytic thought, comparison pervades everyday life as one of the ways in which we organize and make sense of the world around us. Forms of comparison are built into the deep structures of language and constitute the basis for ubiquitous figures of speech such as metaphor, simile, and analogy. Intertextuality, with its insistence on the relational and interdependent nature of meaning, underscores comparison as an inevitable, rather than optional, form of thought.... Comparison is central to the analysis of world systems, transcontinental connections, and interculturalism, not only in the current phase of globalization but throughout human history. Moreover, comparison does not automatically authorize the perspective of those doing the comparing, but can also serve as a jolt to consciousness, initiating a destabilizing, even humbling, awareness of the limitedness and contingency of one's own perspective.
(Rita Felski and Susan Stanford Friedman, Comparison: Theories, Approaches, Uses)

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這一題的完整詳解

這是一題翻譯題,要求將英文段落翻譯成中文。翻譯的重點在於精確傳達學術概念,並使用精準、學術化的中文表達。

解題思路:

  1. 理解核心概念: 段落探討了「比較」(comparison)作為一種人類認知模式,其在理解世界、語言、學術分析以及自我反思中的核心作用。
  2. 逐句翻譯:
    • "Comparison is a mode of thinking, an analogical form of human cognition, that seems fundamental to human understanding and creativity and that depends upon principles of relation and differentiation."
      • "Comparison" -> 比較
      • "is a mode of thinking" -> 是一種思維模式
      • "an analogical form of human cognition" -> 一種人類認知的類比形式
      • "that seems fundamental to human understanding and creativity" -> 似乎是人類理解與創造力的基礎
      • "and that depends upon principles of relation and differentiation." -> 且依賴於關係與區分的原則。
      • 組合:比較是一種思維模式,一種人類認知的類比形式,它似乎是人類理解與創造力的基礎,且依賴於關係與區分的原則。
    • "Not just a cornerstone of analytic thought, comparison pervades everyday life as one of the ways in which we organize and make sense of the world around us."
      • "Not just a cornerstone of analytic thought" -> 不僅是分析性思維的基石
      • "comparison pervades everyday life" -> 比較滲透於日常生活中
      • "as one of the ways in which we organize and make sense of the world around us." -> 作為我們組織並理解周遭世界的方式之一。
      • 組合:比較不僅是分析性思維的基石,它也滲透於日常生活中,成為我們組織並理解周遭世界的方式之一。
    • "Forms of comparison are built into the deep structures of language and constitute the basis for ubiquitous figures of speech such as metaphor, simile, and analogy."
      • "Forms of comparison" -> 比較的各種形式
      • "are built into the deep structures of language" -> 內建於語言的深層結構中
      • "and constitute the basis for ubiquitous figures of speech" -> 並構成諸如隱喻、明喻與類比等普遍修辭手法的基礎。
      • 組合:比較的各種形式內建於語言的深層結構中,並構成諸如隱喻、明喻與類比等普遍修辭手法的基礎。
    • "Intertextuality, with its insistence on the relational and interdependent nature of meaning, underscores comparison as an inevitable, rather than optional, form of thought...."
      • "Intertextuality" -> 互文性
      • "with its insistence on the relational and interdependent nature of meaning" -> 其強調意義的關係性與相互依存性
      • "underscores comparison as an inevitable, rather than optional, form of thought...." -> 凸顯比較是一種不可避免的思維形式,而非可有可無的。
      • 組合:互文性,其強調意義的關係性與相互依存性,凸顯比較是一種不可避免的思維形式,而非可有可無的。
    • "Comparison is central to the analysis of world systems, transcontinental connections, and interculturalism, not only in the current phase of globalization but throughout human history."
      • "Comparison is central to the analysis of" -> 比較是分析...的核心
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第 4 題25 分

Translate the following passage into Chinese (25%).

This volume represents the first comprehensive survey in English of modern Taiwan literature since the end of the Second Sino-Japanese War. Its sixteen essays represent sixteen entryways into the complex network of this literature from 1945 to the present. Instead of formulating the issues and movements as a singular progressive line, the essays cross-reference one another in light of different government policies, communal tastes, and artistic trends. Together, they bring forward a complex chronology corresponding to a multifaceted Taiwanese cultural and political modernity. They collectively embrace four critical objectives: first, to critique the methodological frameworks that have constituted Taiwanese literary studies to date; second, to depict the enunciative endeavors, ranging from ideological treatises to avant-garde experiments, that have informed the discourse of Taiwanese cultural politics; third, to renegotiate time, temporality, and memory in the formation of the history of literary Taiwan; and, fourth, to observe the cartographic coordinates and spatial representations that have given form to the imaginary communities of Taiwan.
(David Der-wei Wang, Writing Taiwan: A New Literary History)

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這一題的完整詳解

這是一題翻譯題,要求將英文段落翻譯成中文。翻譯的重點在於精確傳達學術著作的介紹內容,並使用精準、學術化的中文表達。

解題思路:

  1. 理解核心概念: 段落介紹了一本關於現代台灣文學的英文學術著作,說明其內容、方法論、以及探討的四個主要目標。
  2. 逐句翻譯:
    • "This volume represents the first comprehensive survey in English of modern Taiwan literature since the end of the Second Sino-Japanese War."
      • "This volume" -> 本書 / 這本著作
      • "represents the first comprehensive survey in English" -> 是第一部英文的全面性調查/綜述
      • "of modern Taiwan literature" -> 關於現代台灣文學
      • "since the end of the Second Sino-Japanese War." -> 自第二次中日戰爭結束以來。
      • 組合:本書是自第二次中日戰爭結束以來,第一部關於現代台灣文學的英文全面性綜述。
    • "Its sixteen essays represent sixteen entryways into the complex network of this literature from 1945 to the present."
      • "Its sixteen essays" -> 其十六篇論文
      • "represent sixteen entryways into" -> 代表了十六個進入...的入口/途徑
      • "the complex network of this literature" -> 這部文學複雜網絡的
      • "from 1945 to the present." -> 從1945年至今。
      • 組合:其十六篇論文代表了從1945年至今,進入這部文學複雜網絡的十六個途徑。
    • "Instead of formulating the issues and movements as a singular progressive line, the essays cross-reference one another in light of different government policies, communal tastes, and artistic trends."
      • "Instead of formulating the issues and movements as a singular progressive line" -> 與其將議題與運動建構成單一的進步性線性發展
      • "the essays cross-reference one another" -> 論文之間互相參照
      • "in light of different government policies, communal tastes, and artistic trends." -> 考量不同的政府政策、集體品味與藝術趨勢。
      • 組合:與其將議題與運動建構成單一的進步性線性發展,論文之間互相參照,並考量不同的政府政策、集體品味與藝術趨勢。
    • "Together, they bring forward a complex chronology corresponding to a multifaceted Taiwanese cultural and political modernity."
      • "Together" -> 總體而言 / 共同地
      • "they bring forward" -> 它們提出了 / 呈現了
      • "a complex chronology" -> 一個複雜的編年史
      • "corresponding to a multifaceted Taiwanese cultural and political modernity." -> 與一個多元面向的台灣文化與政治現代性相呼應。
      • 組合:總體而言,它們呈現了一個與多元面向的台灣文化與政治現代性相呼應的複雜編年史。
    • "They collectively embrace four critical objectives:" -> 它們共同承擔四個關鍵目標:
    • "first, to critique the methodological frameworks that have constituted Taiwanese literary studies to date;"
      • "first" -> 首先
      • "to critique the methodological frameworks" -> 批判迄今為止構成台灣文學研究的方法論框架
      • "that have constituted Taiwanese literary studies to date;" -> (與前句整合)
      • 組合:首先,批判迄今為止構成台灣文學研究的方法論框架;
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